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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 February 2009
‘Putting the cart before the horse is folly, even when disguised under one ofthose Greek phrases which are so often employed-in grammar, in medicine,and in theology-to cloak ignorance. No writer of sense puts that last whichshould come first, and to accuse a great writer of doing so is mere impertinence.’1
page 316 note 1 Page, T. E., C.R. viii (1894), 203.Google Scholar
page 316 note 2 Aeneis Ruch VI (Leipzig, 1926), pp. 379–80.Google Scholar
page 316 note 3 Vahlen, J., Ennianae Poesis Reliquiae (ed. 3, 1928), 51 (somnus reliquit), 149 (Ancus reliquit),619 (corpora nuda relinquunt).Google Scholar
page 316 note 4 Aen. 7. 7, to. 820, Georg. 4. 104; and there are at least two others: Aen. 5. 316, and 8. 125.
page 317 note 1 Some of what follows has been adumbrated by recent editors. Thus Williams in his note on Aen. 3. 560:Google Scholar ‘The first (clause) is the more important in its impact’, and again on 5. 316: ‘The clause which is placed first is the one more important in its imagery to the poet.’ So also Austin on Aen. 2. 353:Google Scholar ‘Virgil has put the important thing first.’ But they have not gone on to discuss how this is achieved. (Cf. also Norwood, G., C.Q. xii [1918], 149,Google Scholar who has satisfactorily explained Aen. 6. 567, castigatque auditque dolos subigitque fateri.)Google Scholar
page 317 note 2 All such references are to book and line of the Aeneid.
page 317 note 3 op. cit., p. 204.Google Scholar
page 318 note 1 See Aeneidea (London, 1873), i. 745 ff., where he discusses the device at some length, but without reference to hysteron proteron.Google Scholar
page 318 note 2 Loc. cit.
page 318 note 3 Thus Williams, in his note on 5. 316, rightly. (It has been suggested to me that 5. 326, transeat elapsus prior ambiguumque relinquat, may also be a hysteron proteron. This I consider very unlikely. Here the phrase ambiguum relinquat can only mean ‘leave (theissue) in doubt’, and the expression, ‘would pass by and leave the issue (between them) in doubt’, reversing the order of ‘coming level’ and ‘drawing ahead’, would be a temporal hysteron proteron indeed, and one for which it is very difficult to find justification in poetic terms. I discuss this passage and defend the text ambiguumque against the emendation 
on pp. 313–15 above.)
page 320 note 1 Austin, in his note on this passage, rightly gives the sense as: ‘I start back to Troy, ready to fight‘.
page 320 note 2 Lonsdale, and Lee's, translation (London, 1890).Google Scholar
page 321 note 1 This paper does not pretend to be an exhaustive survey of such alleged examples, but hopes only to show how I believe they should be approached.