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The Greek Adjectives Ending in -ης

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 February 2009

Roderick McKenzie
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Extract

It is generally assumed that every adjective ending in -ης is an s-stem like εủγενἠς (gen. εủγενοὖσ from εὖγενἐ(σ)-ος; cf. γἐνος gen. γἐνε(σ)-ος, Lat. genus gener-is, Skr. janas janas-as) or δνσμευἠς (: μἠνος; cf. Skr. dur-manās gen. dur-manas-as). Solmsen, for instance, does not hesitate (Beiträige zur griechischen Wortforschung 16) to regard ὀμ-ηγερἠς (πολμ-ηγερἠς, θνμ ηγερἠσ) as evidence for the s-stem geres which he wishes to find in ἀγοστóς (ἀγο(ρ)σ-τóς), and Bechtel (Lexilogus 274) infers a stem παγεσ - from ὐπερπαγἠς. The result of this well-nigh universal belief has been that hardly anybody has thought it worth while to examine these words carefully.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Classical Quarterly , Volume 13 , Issue 3-4 , July 1919 , pp. 141 - 148
Copyright
Copyright © The Classical Association 1919

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References

page 141 note 1 W. Schulze's observation (Quaestiones Epicae, p. 254, note 4) that ϕειδὠ : ὰϕειδής is a case of ē|ō ablaut is one of the rare admissions that an adjective ending in -ής can be anything but an s-stem. Another is Wackernagel's analysis of ὰγκυλο-χἠλης. I return later to these views and to those of Bechtel (on δνσαής).

page 141 note 2 The second α is probably short, although ἀαγ聑ς stands at the end of a hexameter in λ 575, and W. Schulze (Quaest. Epicae, 436) thinks that ἀ脓γής might be defended. The line ∪∪∪ (on such lines see Schulze 1. c. ), Sophocles, who has κνμαο脓γής, Oed. Col. 1243, did not know that.

page 142 note 1 The connexion of 礶καρής with κε聕ρω was perceived by the ancients (see Solmsen, Beiträge zur griech. Wortforschung, p. 162 footnote).

page 142 note 2 Tραϕ脴ναι is first fouind in Tragedy. Homer has only ἐτραφον, which he uses in a passive sense, v. Solmsen, Glottaa II. 311 (after Ph. Buttmann). With this fact the Homeric preference for -τρεφ聓ς (礶νεμο-τρεφ聓ς and many others) may be connected.

page 144 note 1 Herodian, περ联 ὀρθογραφίας, II. p. 473 (Lentz), quotes ὐπηλιφής andἀνυπηλιΦής Eustathius, Od. 1561, says: ἀνηλιφὴσ ναῦς ἡ μὴ ἀλιφεῖσα πίσσῃ, καὶ πισσαλιφὴς, ἡ πεπισσωμένη.

page 147 note 1 The ā-stems ending in -νίκης (-νίκας) are quite distinct. On their history see Fraenkel, E., Nomina Agentis, II. 98Google Scholar.