Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T02:35:47.211Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Research progress in techniques for detecting genetically modified organisms

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 April 2009

Xu Wen-Tao
Affiliation:
College of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center of Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
Bai Wei-Bin
Affiliation:
Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center of Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
Luo Yun-Bo
Affiliation:
Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center of Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
Yuan Yan-Fang
Affiliation:
Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center of Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
Huang Kun-Lun*
Affiliation:
College of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center of Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

The techniques used to detect genetically modified organisms (GMO), including qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), quantitative PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and many others, are systematically described and discussed. The application progress of GMO in species-specific detection, endogenous genes, standard substances and restraining factors influencing detection are reviewed. The ongoing problems and development prospects of detection techniques of GMO are also pointed out.

Type
Review Article
Copyright
Copyright © China Agricultural University 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abbaszadegan, M, Huber, MS, Gerba, CP and Pepper, IL (1993) Detection of enteroviruses in groundwater with the polymerase chain reaction. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 59: 13181324.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Al-Soud, WA and Radstrom, P (2001) Purification and characterization of PCR-inhibitory components in blood cells. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 39: 485493.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Anklam, E, Gadani, F, Heinze, P, Pijnenburg, H and Van Den Eede, G (2002) Analytical methods for detection and determination of genetically modified organisms in agricultural crops and plant-derived food products. European Food Research and Technology 214: 326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berdal, KG and Holst-Jensen, A (2001) Roundup Ready soybean event specific real-time quantitative PCR assay and estimation of the practical detection and quantification limits in GMO analyses. European Food Research and Technology 213: 432438.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Byrdwell, WC and Neff, WE (1996) Analysis of genetically modified canola varieties by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometric and flame ionization detection. Journal of Liquid Chromatography and Related Technologies 19: 22032225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cavallini, A, Notarnicola, M, Berloco, P, Lippolis, A and Dileo, A (2000) Use of a macroporous polypropylene filter to allow identification of bacteria by PCR in human fecal samples. Journal of Microbiological Methods 39: 265270.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Collonnier, C, Schattner, A, Berthier, G, et al. (2005) Characterization and event specific-detection by quantitative real-time PCR of T25 maize insert. Journal of AOAC International 88: 536546.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Delano, J, Schmidt, AM, Wall, E, Green, M and Masri, S (2003) Reliable detection and identification of the genetically modified maize, soybean and canola by multiplex PCR analysis. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 51: 58295834.Google Scholar
Ding, JY, Jia, JW, Yang, LT, Zhang, CM and Zhang, DB (2004) Validation of a rice specific gene, sucrose phosphate synthase, used as the endogenous reference gene for qualitative and real-time quantitative PCR detection of transgenes. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 52: 33723377.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Doveris, LD (2007) Development of sensitive crop-specific polymerase chain reaction assays using 5S DNA: applications in food traceability. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 55: 46404644.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feng, JW, Wang, XY, Li, DL, et al. (2006) Study of multiplex-PCR for the detection of genetically modified contents in food. Inspection and Quarantine Science 16(4): 1619 (in Chinese).Google Scholar
Feriotto, G, Borgatti, M, Mischiati, C, Bianchi, N and Gambari, R (2002) Biosensor technology and surface plason resonance for real-time detection of genetically modified Roundup Ready soybean gene sequence. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 50: 955962.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feriotto, G, Gardenghi, S, Bianchi, N and Gambari, R (2003) Quantitation of Bt-176 maize genomic sequences by surface plasmon resonance-based biospecific interaction analysis of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 51: 46404646.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gu, AG, Wang, W, Zhang, XQ, Gao, W and Sun, CE (2006) Research progress of the detection technique of GM food. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences 3: 180183 (in Chinese).Google Scholar
Hemmer, W (1997) Foods derived from genetically modified organisms and detection methods. Centre for biosafety and sustainability Report 6069.Google Scholar
Hernández, M, Ryo, A, Esteve, T, Prat, S and Pla, M (2001) A rapeseed specific gene, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, can be used as a reference for qualitative and quantitative PCR detection of transgenes from the mixed samples. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 49: 36223627.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hernández, M, Pla, M, Esteve, T, Prat, S, Puigdomènech, P and Ferrando, A (2003) A specific real-time quantitative PCR detection system for event MON810 in maize YieldGard® based on the 3′-transgene integration sequence. Transgenic Research 12: 179189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hernández, M, Esteve, T, Prat, S and Pla, M (2004) Development of real-time PCR system based on SYBR Green I, Amplifluor and TaqMan technologies for specific quantitative detection of the transgenic maize event GA21. Journal of Cereal Science 39: 99107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Higuchi, R, Fockler, C, Dollinger, G and Watson, R (1993) Kinetic PCR analysis: real-time monitoring of DNA amplification reactions. Biotechnology 11: 10261030.Google ScholarPubMed
Holck, A, Vaïtilingom, M, Didierjean, L and Rudi, K (2002) 5′-nuclease PCR for quantitative event specific detection of the genetically modified Mon810 Maisgard maize. European Food Research and Technology 214: 449454.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holst-Jensen, A, Rønning, SB, Løvseth, A and Berdal, KG (2003) PCR technology for screening and quantification of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 375: 985993.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huang, HY and Pan, TM (2004) Detection of genetically modified maize MON810 and NK603 by Multiplex and real-time polymerase chain reaction methods. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 52: 32643268.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huang, KL and Luo, YB (2003) Detecting genetically modified soybean Roundup Ready ingredient in foodstuffs by nested PCR and semi-nested PCR. Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology 11(5): 461466 (in Chinese).Google Scholar
Hurburgh, CR, Rippke, GR, Heithoff, C, Roussel, SA and Hardy, CL (2000) Detection of genetically modified grains by near-infrared spectroscopy. Proceedings PITTCON 2000 – Science for the 21st Century, New Orleans, 1217 March.Google Scholar
Kuribara, H, Shindo, Y, Matsuoka, T, et al. (2002) Novel reference molecules for quantitation of genetically modified maize and soybean. Journal of AOAC International 85(5): 10771089.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lantz, PG, Matsson, M, Wadstrom, T and Radstrom, P (1997) Removal of PCR inhibitors from human faecal samples through the use of an aqueous two-phase system for sample preparation prior to PCR. Journal of Microbiological Methods 28: 159167.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lantz, PG, Al-soud, WA, Knutsson, R, Hahn-Hagerdal, B and Radstrom, P (2000) Biotechnical use of Taq DNA polymerase chain reaction for microbiological analysis of biological samples. Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology Annual Reviews 5: 87130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lipp, M, Anklam, E, Stave, JW, Lipp, M, Anklam, E and Stave, JW (2000) Validation of an immunoassay for detection and quantitation of a genetically modified soybean in food and food fractions using reference materials: Interlaboratory study. Journal of AOAC International 83(4): 919927.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Liu, YG, Mitsukawa, N and Ossumi, L (1999) Efficient isolation and mapping of Arabidopsis thaliana T-DNA insert junctions by thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR. Plant Journal 58(3): 457463.Google Scholar
Luo, KM, Duan, H, Zhao, DG, et al. (2007) GM-gene-deletor: fused loxP-FRT recognition sequences dramatically improve the efficiency of FLP or CRE recombinase on transgene excision from pollen and seed of tobacco plants. Plant Biotechnology Journal 5: 263274.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maniatis, T, Fritsch, EF and Ambrook, J (1982) Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. New York: Cold Spring Harbor.Google Scholar
McKenzie, MJ, Mett, V and Jameson, PE (2000) Modified ELISA for the detection of neomycin phosphotransferase II in transformed plant species. Plant Cell Reports 9: 286289.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyer, R (1999) Development and application of DNA analytical methods for the detection of GMOs in food. Food Control 10: 391399.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nielsen, CR, Berdal, KG and Holst-Jensen, A (2004) Characterisation of the 5′ integration site and development of an event-specific real-time PCR assay for NK603 maize from a low starting copy number. European Food Research and Technology 219: 421427.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ochman, H, Triglia, T, Peterson, MG and Kemp, DJ (1988) A procedure for in vitro amplification of DNA segments that lie outside the boundaries of known sequences. Nucleic Acids Research 16: 8186.Google Scholar
Pardigol, A, Guillet, S and Pöpping, B (2003) A simple procedure for quantification of genetically modified organisms using hybrid amplicon standards. European Food Research and Technology 216: 412420.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pfeifer, GP, Mueller, PR and Mueller, PR (1989) Genomic sequencing and methylation analysis by ligation mediated PCR. Science 246: 810812.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rogan, GJ, Dudin, YA, Lee, TC, et al. (1999) Immunodiagnostic methods for detection of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase in Roundup Ready soybeans. Food Control 10: 407414.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rui, YK, Luo, YB, Huang, KL, Wang, WM and Zhang, LD (2005) Application of near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to the detection and identification of transgenic corn. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis 25(10): 15811583 (in Chinese).Google Scholar
Shames, B, Fox, JG, Dewhirst, F, Yan, L and Taylor, NS (1995) Identification of wider spread Helicobacter hepaticus infection in feces in commercial mouse colonies by culture and PCR assay. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 33: 29682972.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stave, JW (1999) Detection of new or modified proteins in novel foods derived from GMO – future needs. Food Control 10: 367374.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stave, JW (2002) Protein immunoassay methods for detection of biotech crops: Applications, limits, and practical considerations. Journal of AOAC International 85(3): 780786.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Taverniers, I, Windels, P, Van Bockstaele, E and De Loose, M (2001) Use of cloned DNA fragments for event-specific quantification of genetically modified organisms in pure and mixed food products. European Food Research and Technology 213: 417424.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Terry, CF and Harris, N (2001) Event specific detection of Roundup Ready soybean using two different real time PCR detection chemistries. European Food Research and Technology 213: 425431.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vaneechoutte, M and Van Eldere, J (1997) The possibilities and limitations of nucleic acid amplification technology in diagnostic microbiology. Journal of Medical Microbiology 46: 188194.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vollenhofer, S, Burg, K, Schmidt, J and Kroath, H (1999) Genetically modified organism in food-screening and specific detection by polymerase chain reaction. Journal of African Food Chemistry 47: 50385043.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilson, IG (1997) Inhibition and facilitation of nucleic acid amplification. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 63: 37413751.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Xu, WT, Huang, KL, Zhao, H and Luo, YB (2005) Application of immunoaffinity column as cleanup tool for an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay of phosphinothricin-N-acetyltransferase detection in genetically modified maize and rape. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 53: 43154321.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Xu, WT, Huang, Kl and Luo, YB (2006a) YBR Green I Based PCR for detection of the bar and pat genes in genetically modified organisms. Food Science 27(3): 202206.Google Scholar
Xu, WT, Huang, KL, Wang, Y, Zhang, HX and Luo, YB (2006b) A cotton-specific gene, stearoyl-ACP desaturase, used as a reference for qualitative and real-time quantitative PCR detection of GMO. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 86: 11031109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xu, WT, Huang, KL, Deng, AK, Liang, ZH and Luo, YB (2007a) Variations of tissue DNA density and nuclear DNA content in soybean lines and their impacts on the GMO quantification. Food Control 18: 13001306.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xu, WT, Huang, KL, Lu, Y, et al. (2007b) Extraction methods of genome in processed rice and their influences on PCR. Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology 15(1): 97101.Google Scholar
Xu, XD, Li, YC, Zhao, H, et al. (2005) Rapid and reliable detection and identification of GM events using multiplex PCR coupled with oligonucleotide microarray. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 53: 37893794.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yang, LT, Xu, SC, Pan, AH, et al. (2005) Event specific qualitative and quantitative polymerase chain reaction detection of genetically modified MON863 maize based on the 5′-transgene integration sequence. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 53(24): 93129318.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yang, R, Xu, WT, Luo, YB, Guo, F, Lu, Y and Huang, KL (2007) Event-specific qualitative and quantitative polymerase chain reaction detection of Roundup Ready event GT73 based on the 3′-transgene integration sequence. Plant Cell Repots 26: 18211831.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, J, Deng, PJ, Liu, JJ, Fang, SS and He, LH (2004) Multiplex qualitative PCR and real-time quantitative PCR for detection of genetically modified foods. Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology 14(4): 412414 (in Chinese).Google Scholar
Zhang, P, Gebhart, CJ, Burden, D and Duhamel, GE (2000) Improved diagnosis of porcine proliferative enteropathy caused by Lawsonia intracellularis using polymerase chain reaction–enzyme-linked oligosorbent assay (PCR-ELOSA). Molecular and Cellular Probes 14: 101108.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zimmermann, A, Hemmer, W, Liniger, M, Lüthy, J and Pauli, UA (1998) Sensitive detection method for genetically modified MaisGard corn using a nested PCR-system. Lebensmittel-wissenschaft und technologie – Food Science and Technology 31: 664667.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zimmermann, A, Lüthy, J and Pauli, U (2000) Event specific transgene detection in Bt11 corn by quantitative PCR at the integration site. Lebensmittel-wissenschaft und technologie – Food Science and Technology 33: 210216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar