Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-18T07:01:28.506Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

A Grassroots Association on the Sino-Tibetan Border: The Role, Agendas and Beyond*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 November 2013

Jinba Tenzin*
Affiliation:
Yale University and Lanzhou University Email: [email protected].

Abstract

This article investigates the role of the Moluo Tourism Association in Suopo township, Danba county, Sichuan. It examines its organization, internal structure and objectives, and explores the concerns of Tibetan elites and villagers and their strategies for advancing their political and other goals in an officially sanctioned framework. The research shows that the association resembles a “state-led civil society” as its membership and agendas exhibit the strong will of the local state; nevertheless, it still manages to carve a space for expressing negative opinions towards the local authorities, pursuing the “Eastern Queendom” cause and following its own agendas. The dynamic and nuanced interactions between the association and township show that state–society relations in China are situated in a complex and convoluted landscape which has not yet been fully explored in the China field. Furthermore, the article brings to light the divergent interests and positions of the association members as well as the heterogeneity of Suopo society proper. It concludes with a brief discussion of the prospects for an enhanced engagement of ethnic research with broader China studies.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © The China Quarterly 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

This study has been funded by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars (46th Round), State Education Ministry of China and Social Science Division of Lanzhou University (Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, grant No. 12LZUJBWZD008), as well as the Cora Du Bois Charitable Trust. I take the opportunity to thank the Suopo people, especially the members of the Moluo Tourism Association, who remain anonymous or pseudonymous in the article. The findings presented here have been acknowledged by them, and I am indebted to every one of them for their openness and assistance. I am grateful to both The China Quarterly and the University of Washington Press for allowing this article to appear in my book, In the Land of the Eastern Queendom: the Politics of Gender and Ethnicity on the Sino-Tibetan Border.

References

Anagnost, Ann. 2004. “The corporeal politics of quality (suzhi).” Public Culture 16(2), 189208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bernstein, Thomas P., and , Xiaobo. 2003. Taxation without Representation in Contemporary Rural China. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bianco, Lucien. 2001. Peasants without the Party: Grass-Roots Movements in Twentieth-Century China. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe.Google Scholar
Chan, Anita, Madsen, Richard and Unger, Jonathan. 2009. Chen Village: Revolution to Globalization. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Davis, Sara L.M. 2005. Song and Silence: Ethnic Revival on China's Southwest Borders. New York: Columbia University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Des Forges, Roger V. 1997. “States, societies, and civil societies in Chinese history.” In Brook, Timothy and Frolic, B. Michael (eds.), Civil Society in China. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe, 6898.Google Scholar
Ding, Yijiang. 2002. Chinese Democracy after Tiananmen. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Frolic, B. Michael. 1997. “State-led civil society.” In Brook, Timothy and Frolic, B. Michael (eds.), Civil Society in China. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe, 4667.Google Scholar
Guo, Sujian. 2000. Post-Mao China: From Totalitarianism to Authoritarianism? Westport: Praeger.Google Scholar
Huang, Shu-Min. 1998. The Spiral Road: Change in a Chinese Village through the Eyes of a Communist Party Leader. Boulder: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Kelliher, Daniel Roy. 1992. Peasant Power in China: The Era of Rural Reform, 1979–1989. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Kolas, Ashild. 2008. Tourism and Tibetan Culture in Transition: A Place Called Shangrila. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Ma, Qiusha. 2006. Non-governmental Organizations in Contemporary China: Paving the Way to Civil Society? London and New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Mueggler, Erik. 2001. The Age of Wild Ghosts: Memory, Violence, and Place in Southwest China. Berkeley: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Notar, Beth E. 2006. Displacing Desire: Travel and Popular Culture in China. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.Google Scholar
Nyíri, Pál. 2006. Scenic Spots: Chinese Tourism, the State, and Cultural Authority. Seattle: University of Washington Press.Google Scholar
Oakes, Tim. 1998. Tourism and Modernity in China. London and New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
O'Brien, Kevin J. 2002. “Collective action in the Chinese countryside.” The China Journal 48, 139154.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Brien, Kevin J. 2008. Popular Protest in China. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Brien, Kevin J., and Li, Lianjiang. 2006. Rightful Resistance in Rural China. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perry, Elizabeth J. 1985. “Rural violence in socialist China.” The China Quarterly 103, 414440.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perry, Elizabeth J. 1994. “Trends in the study of Chinese politics: state–society relations.” The China Quarterly 139, 704713.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perry, Elizabeth J. 2002. Challenging the Mandate of Heaven: Social Protest and State Power in China. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe.Google Scholar
Perry, Elizabeth J. 2010. “Popular protest: playing by the rules.” In Fewsmith, J. (ed.), China Today, China Tomorrow: Domestic Politics, Economy, and Society. Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Perry, Elizabeth J., and Goldman, Merle. 2007. Grassroots Political Reform in Contemporary China. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saich, Tony. 2000. “Negotiating the state: the development of social organization in China.” The China Quarterly 161, 124141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saich, Tony. 2004. Governance and Politics of China. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shi, Shuo. 2009a. “Nüguo shi Supi ma – lun nüguo yu Supi zhi chayi ji nüguo ji Supishuo zhi yuanqi” (Is the queendom the same as Sum-pa(Supi)? On the difference between the queendom and Supi and the origin of the claim of the women's kingdom as Supi). Xizang yanjiu 3, 1927.Google Scholar
Shi, Shuo. 2009b. “Jiutangshu dongnüguozhuan suoji chuanxi gaoyuan nüguo de shiliao cuanluan ji xiangguan wenti” (On jumbled historical materials about the queendom in the western Sichuan plateau in the Records of the Eastern Queendom in the Old Book of Tang). Zhongguo zangxue 3, 142–48.Google Scholar
Siu, Helen F. 1989. Agents and Victims in South China: Accomplices in Rural Revolution. New Haven: Yale University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spires, Anthony J. 2011. “Contingent symbiosis and civil society in an authoritarian state: understanding the survival of China's grassroots NGOs.” American Journal of Sociology 117(1), 145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tang, Shui-Yan, and Zhan, Xueyong. 2008. “Civic environmental NGOs, civil society, and democratisation in China.” The Journal of Development Studies 44(3), 425448.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tenzin, Jinba. 2013. In the Land of the Eastern Queendom: the Politics of Gender and Ethnicity. Seattle: University of Washington Press.Google Scholar
Unger, Jonathan. 2002. The Transformation of Rural China. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe.Google Scholar
Wasserstrom, Jeffrey N., and Perry, Elizabeth J.. 1992. Popular Protest and Political Culture in Modern China: Learning from 1989. Boulder: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Weller, Robert P. 1999. Alternate Civilities: Democracy and Culture in China and Taiwan. Boulder: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Weller, Robert P. 2005. Civil Life, Globalization, and Political Change in Asia: Organizing between Family and State. London and New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
White, Gordon. 1993. Riding the Tiger: The Politics of Economic Reform in Post-Mao China. Stanford: Stanford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yan, Yunxiang. 1996. The Flow of Gifts: Reciprocity and Social Networks in a Chinese Village. Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Yang, Mayfair Mei-Hui. 1994. Gifts, Favors, and Banquets: The Art of Social Relationships in China. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Zhang, Xin, and Baum, Richard. 2004. “Civil society and the anatomy of a rural NGO.” The China Journal 52, 97112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zheng, Yongnian, and Fewsmith, Joseph. 2008. China's Opening Society: The Non-state Sector and Governance. London and New York: Routledge.Google Scholar