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Parental anxiety among children undergoing cardiac catheterisation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 October 2017

Daisuke Kobayashi ,
Daniel R. Turner ,
Thomas J. Forbes  and
Sanjeev Aggarwal
Daisuke Kobayashi*
Affiliation:
Division of Cardiology, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
Daniel R. Turner
Affiliation:
Division of Cardiology, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
Thomas J. Forbes
Affiliation:
Division of Cardiology, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
Sanjeev Aggarwal
Affiliation:
Division of Cardiology, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
*
Correspondence to: D. Kobayashi, MD, Division of Cardiology, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 3901 Beaubien Blvd, Detroit, MI 48201-2119, United States of America. Tel: +1 313 745 5481; Fax: +1 313 993 0894; E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Background

Parents may experience anxiety and stress when their children undergo cardiac catheterisation. The goal of this study was to assess the level of anxiety in parents of children undergoing cardiac catheterisation and to identify factors that were associated with level of anxiety.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional survey of parents of children who underwent cardiac catheterisation. Anxiety levels were measured using a validated self-report questionnaire – State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, which generates state anxiety scores on the current state of anxiety and trait anxiety scores on the stable aspects of anxiety proneness. One sample t-test was used to compare the data with normative data. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the factors associated with the state score.

Results

A total of 113 parents completed the survey. The mean age of parents was 34.0±7.7 years and the mean age of children undergoing catheterisation was 6.7±5.7 years. Compared with normative data, mean state score was significantly higher in our cohort (p<0.05) despite no difference in the trait score. Final multivariate model showed that the state score was significantly associated with child age group (<1 year [coefficient β 7.2] and 10–18 years [6.3], compared to 1 to <10 years of age [reference]) and history of previous catheterisation (−5.2) (p<0.05).

Conclusions

Concurrent state anxiety level was high among parents of children undergoing cardiac catheterisation, whereas trait anxiety level was not. Higher anxiety was experienced by parents of infants and adolescents without a history of previous catheterisation.

Keywords

Parental anxietyState-Trait anxiety inventorycardiac catheterisationchildren
Type
Original Articles
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 28 , Issue 2 , February 2018 , pp. 315 - 321
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Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2017 

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