Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T07:27:45.341Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Anxiety, depression, and behavioural rating scales in children with non-cardiac chest pain

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 August 2019

Aytaç Kenar ,
Utku Arman Örün ,
Tamer Yoldaş Open the ORCID record for Tamer Yoldaş [Opens in a new window] ,
Şeyma Kayalı ,
Şahin Bodur  and
Selmin Karademir
Aytaç Kenar
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity, Children’s Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
Utku Arman Örün
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity, Children’s Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
Tamer Yoldaş*
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity, Children’s Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
Şeyma Kayalı
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity, Children’s Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
Şahin Bodur
Affiliation:
Department of Child Psychiatry, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity, Children’s Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
Selmin Karademir
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity, Children’s Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
*
Author for correspondence: T. Yoldaş, MD, Department of Cardiology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity, Children’s Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Babür Caddesi No. 44, Altındağ, 06080 Ankara, Turkey. Tel: +90 (312) 305 6570, Fax: +90 (312) 317 03 53; E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Introduction:

Chest pain is the second most common reason for referral to paediatric cardiologists after benign heart murmurs. Aetiology frequently depends on non-cardiac reasons. In addition, individuals may experience non-cardiac chest pain which is idiopathic or of unknown origin. The aim of this study is to examine psychological symptoms in children and adolescents with medically unexplained chest pain.

Methods:

A total of 76 patients (ages 8–18 years) were included in the study, who were referred to the paediatric cardiology department with the complaint of chest pain but did not have any detected cardiac aetiology or any other organic causes of chest pain. The control group was composed of 51 healthy volunteers. Self-evaluation scales were given to both groups which included Beck Anxiety Inventory and Children’s Depression Inventory. Also parents of both groups completed the Conner’s Parent Rating Scale for assessment of Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Results:

Anxiety scores of the non-cardiac chest pain group were significantly higher compared to controls. No significant differences were found between patients and controls in terms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and depression scores. In patient group, patterns were similar for boys and girls and for children and adolescents; except girls scored significantly higher than boys in children’s depression inventory.

Conclusions:

In children and adolescents, non-cardiac chest pain is associated with increased levels of anxiety. These results show the importance of psychiatric evaluation in non-cardiac chest pain patients. Larger controlled studies are needed to determine the prevalence and impact of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and depression in children and adolescents with non-cardiac chest pain.

Keywords

Chest painanxietydepressionattention-deficitchildren
Type
Original Article
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 29 , Issue 10 , October 2019 , pp. 1268 - 1271
Check for updates
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Feinstein, RA, Daniel, WA Jr. Chronic chest pain in children and adolescents. Pediatr Ann 1986; 15: 685–694.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gastesi Larrañaga, M, Fernández Landaluce, A, Mintegi Raso, S, Vázquez Ronco, M, Benito Fernández, J. Chest pain in pediatric emergency departments: a usually benign process. An Pediatr (Barc) 2003; 59: 234–238.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Danduran, MJ, Earing, MG, Sheridan, DC, Ewalt, LA, Frommelt, PC. Chest pain: characteristics of children/adolescents. Pediatr Cardiol 2008; 29: 775–781.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Massin, MM, Bourguignont, A, Coremans, C, et al. Chest pain in pediatric patients presenting to an emergency department or to a cardiac clinic. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2004; 43: 231–238.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evangelista, JA, Parsons, M, Renneburg, AK. Chest pain in children: diagnosis through history and physical examination. J Pediatr Health Care 2000; 14: 3–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yıldırım, A, Karakurt, C, Karademir, S, et al. Chest pain in children. Int Pediatr 2004; 19: 175–179.Google Scholar
Zavaras-Angelidou, KA, Weinhouse, E, Nelson, DB. Review of 180 episodes of chest pain in 134 children. Pediatr Emerg Care 1992; 8: 189–193.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Talner, NS, Carboni, MP. Chest pain in the adolescent and young adult. Cardiol Rev 2000; 8: 49–56.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thull-Freedman, J. Evaluation of chest pain in the pediatric patient. Med Clin North Am 2010; 94: 327–347.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reddy, SR, Singh, HR. Chest pain in children and adolescents. Pediatr Rev 2010; 31: e1–e9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lipsitz, JD, Masia-Warner, C, Apfel, H, et al. Anxiety and depressive symptoms and anxiety sensitivity in youngsters with noncardiac chest pain and benign heart murmurs. J Pediatr Psychol 2004; 29: 607–612.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lipsitz, JD, Masia-Warner, C, Apfel, H, et al. Non-cardiac chest pain and psychopathology in children and adolescents psychopathology in children and adolescents. Psychosomat Res 2005; 59: 185–188.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tunaoglu, FS, Olgunturk, R, Akcabay, S, Oguz, D, Gucuyener, K, Demirsoy, S. Chest pain in children referred to a cardiology clinic. Pediatr Cardiol 1995; 16: 69–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kovacs, M. Rating scales to assess depression in school age children. Acta Paedopsychatr 1981; 46: 305–315.Google Scholar
Oy, B. Çocuklar için depresyon ölçeği: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi 1991; 2: 132–136.Google Scholar
Beck, AT, Epstein, N, Brown, G, Ster, RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol 1988; 56: 893–897.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ulusoy, M, Şahin, N, Erkmen, H. Turkish Version Beck Anxiety Inventory: Psychometr Properties J Cogn Psychother: An Int Cjuater 1998; 12: 163–172.Google Scholar
Conners, CK. A teacher rating scale for use in drug studies with children. Am J Psychiatry 1969; 126: 884–888.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goyette, CH, Conners, CK, Ulrich, RF. Normal data on the revised Conners parent and teacher rating scales. J Abnorm Child Psychol 1978; 6: 221–236.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dereboy, Ç, Şener, Ş, Dereboy, İF. Conners Anababa Derecelendirme Ölçeği Uyarlama Çalışması. X. Ulusal Psikoloji Kongresi, Ankara, 1998.Google Scholar
Lipsitz, JD, Gur, M, Sonnet, FM, et al. Psychopathology and disability in children with unexplained chest pain presenting to the pediatric emergency department. Pediatr Emerg Care 2010; 26: 830–836.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lipsitz, JD, Hsu, DT, Apfel, HD, et al. Psychiatric disorders in youth with medically unexplained chest pain versus innocent heart murmur. J Pediatr 2012; 160: 320–324.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Egger, HL, Costello, EJ, Erkanli, A, Angold, A. Somatic complaints and psychopathology in children and adolescents: stomach aches, musculoskeletal pains and headaches. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psych 1999; 38: 852–860.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Selbst, SM, Ruddy, RM, Clark, BJ, et al. Pediatric chest pain: a prospective study. Pediatrics 1988; 82: 319–323.Google ScholarPubMed
Kişlal, FM, Kutluk, T, Cetin, FC, et al. Psychiatric symptoms of adolescents with physical complaints admitted to an adolescence unit. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2005; 44: 121–130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar