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Treatment of familial hypercholesterolaemia in children and adolescents in the last three decades

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 May 2013

Avishay Elis ,
Rong Zhou  and
Evan A. Stein
Avishay Elis
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah-Tikva and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
Rong Zhou
Affiliation:
Medpace Inc., Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
Evan A. Stein
Affiliation:
Metabolic & Atherosclerosis Research Center and Cholesterol Treatment Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
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Abstract

Background: This study evaluated the effectiveness of long-term intensive lipid-lowering therapy in children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Methods: The charts of 89 children and adolescents with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia among ∼1000 patients treated from 1974 to 2008 were reviewed. Familial hypercholesterolaemia was defined as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level >90th percentile in individuals with a history of familial hypercholesterolaemia. Results: Of the 89 patients, 51% were male; the mean age at diagnosis was 8 ± 4 years, and the mean follow-up was 13 ± 8 years. Baseline and most recent low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (mg/dl) under treatment were 250 ± 50 and 142 ± 49, respectively, reduced 43% from baseline (p < 0.0001). At the most recent visit, 39 patients received statin monotherapy, mainly atorvastatin or rosuvastatin, and 50 (56%) patients received combination therapy, mainly vytorin or rosuvastain/ezetimibe, 15 patients were >30 years of age, and none developed symptomatic cardiovascular disease or needed revascularisation. Conclusions: Long-term statin-based therapy can reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in most children and adolescents with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia and decrease cardiovascular risk significantly.

Keywords

Familial hypercholesterolaemiaheterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemialipid-lowering therapystatin-based therapy
Type
Original Articles
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 24 , Issue 3 , June 2014 , pp. 437 - 441
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

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