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The hybrid procedure for the borderline left ventricle

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 November 2010

Christopher K. Davis ,
Peter Pastuszko ,
John Lamberti ,
John Moore ,
Frank Hanley  and
Howaida El Said
Christopher K. Davis*
Affiliation:
Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America
Peter Pastuszko
Affiliation:
Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America
John Lamberti
Affiliation:
Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America
John Moore
Affiliation:
Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America
Frank Hanley
Affiliation:
Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Stanford University, San Diego, California, United States of America
Howaida El Said
Affiliation:
Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America
*
Correspondence to: C. K. Davis, MD, PhD, 3020 Children’s Way MC5004, San Diego, California 92122, United States of America. Tel: 858 966 5855; Fax: 858 571 7903; E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Introduction

In patients with varying degrees of left heart hypoplasia, it is often difficult to determine whether the left heart structures are adequate in size to support biventricular circulation. Historically, the decision to pursue a single ventricle or biventricular repair needed to be made early and was often irreversible. The hybrid procedure may be a better initial approach for patients with borderline left ventricles.

Methods

We describe a series of four patients with various congenital cardiac malformations, all of whom had borderline left ventricles. Based on pre-operative echocardiograms, several scoring systems and left ventricle volumes were used to predict the optimal type of repair. A left ventricular volume of 20 millilitres per square metre was used as the minimum cut-off value for adequacy of biventricular repair.

Results

The left ventricular volumes for the patients were 17.1, 23.7, 25.4, and 25.8 millilitres per square metre. In none of the four patients were the calculations unanimous in the recommendation to pursue either type of repair. All patients underwent the hybrid procedure and then eventual single ventricle palliation (two patients) or biventricular repair (two patients). All survived with a mean follow-up of 18 plus or minus 3.9 months.

Conclusions

The hybrid procedure may be the best option in patients with a borderline left ventricle. It can serve as a bridge to a more definitive repair when patients are older, larger, and for whom the decision between single ventricle and biventricular repair can be more easily made.

Keywords

Congenital cardiac diseasehypoplastic left heart syndrome
Type
Original Articles
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 21 , Issue 1 , February 2011 , pp. 26 - 30
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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