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Assessment of airway abnormalities in patients with tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary atresia, and major aortopulmonary collaterals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 May 2019

Lisa Wise-Faberowski ,
Matthew Irvin ,
Douglas R. Sidell ,
Sheila Rajashekara ,
Ritu Asija ,
Frandics P. Chan ,
Frank L. Hanley  and
Doff B. McElhinney
Lisa Wise-Faberowski*
Affiliation:
Department of Anesthesiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
Matthew Irvin
Affiliation:
Clinical and Translational Research Program, Betty Moore heart Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA
Douglas R. Sidell
Affiliation:
Depatment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
Sheila Rajashekara
Affiliation:
Department of Anesthesiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
Ritu Asija
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
Frandics P. Chan
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
Frank L. Hanley
Affiliation:
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Heart Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
Doff B. McElhinney
Affiliation:
Clinical and Translational Research Program, Betty Moore heart Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Heart Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Lisa Wise-Faberowski, MD, MS, Associate Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr., Palo Alto, CA 94305. Tel: 650-723-5728; Fax: 650-725-8544; E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Background:

Children with tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary atresia, and major aortopulmonary collaterals (TOF/MAPCAs) are at risk for post-operative respiratory complications after undergoing unifocalisation surgery. Thus, we assessed and further defined the incidence of airway abnormalities in our series of over 500 children with TOF/MAPCAs as determined by direct laryngoscopy, chest computed tomography (CT), and/or bronchoscopy.

Methods:

The medical records of all patients with TOF/MAPCAs who underwent unifocalisation or pulmonary artery reconstruction surgery from March, 2002 to June, 2018 were reviewed. Anaesthesia records, peri-operative bronchoscopy, and/or chest CT reports were reviewed to assess for diagnoses of abnormal or difficult airway. Associations between chromosomal anomalies and airway abnormalities – difficult anaesthetic airway, bronchoscopy, and/or CT findings – were defined.

Results:

Of the 564 patients with TOF/MAPCAs who underwent unifocalisation or pulmonary artery reconstruction surgery at our institution, 211 (37%) had a documented chromosome 22q11 microdeletion and 28 (5%) had a difficult airway/intubation reported at the time of surgery. Chest CT and/or peri-operative bronchoscopy were performed in 234 (41%) of these patients. Abnormalities related to malacia or compression were common. In total 35 patients had both CT and bronchoscopy within 3 months of each other, with concordant findings in 32 (91%) and partially concordant findings in the other 3.

Conclusion:

This is the largest series of detailed airway findings (direct laryngoscopy, CT, and bronchoscopy) in TOF/MAPCAS patients. Although these findings are specific to an at-risk population for airway abnormalities, they support the utility of CT and /or bronchoscopy in detecting airway abnormalities in patients with TOF/MAPCAs.

Keywords

Tetralogy of Fallotmajor aortopulmonary collateralschromosome 22q11 deletionairwaybronchoscopycomputed tomography
Type
Original Article
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 29 , Issue 5 , May 2019 , pp. 610 - 614
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2019 

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