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Les déclins des fonctions cognitives chez la personne âgée: Une perspective neuropsychologique

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2010

Claude M.J. Braun  and
Robert Lalonde
Claude M.J. Braun
Affiliation:
Université du Québec à Montréal
Robert Lalonde
Affiliation:
Université du Québec à Montréal, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal
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Abstract

There is currently a scientific debate over the question of the existence of profiles of cognitive decline in old age which would be independent of social, health, generational factors and psychometric artefacts. This essay is a critical literature review which comes to the conclusion that evidence from neurology and neuropsychology strongly suggests the existence of such profiles. In addition, it is shown that the currently dominant neuropsychological model of aging postulates a decline of executive and mnemonic functions as a direct result of deterioration of frontal and temporal brain systems with advancing age.

Résumé

Il y a présentement une controverse scientifique sur l'existence de profile de déclins cognitifs à la sénescence qui soient indépendents de facteurs sociaux, de santé, de génération et d'artéfacts psychométriques. Ce texte est une recension critique de la littérature pertinente. Il débouche sur la conclusion que la neurologie et la neuropsychologie offrent une perspective suggérant fortement qu'il existe de tels profils de déclin. De plus, il est montré que le modèle présentement dominant en neuropsychologie de la sénescence postule l'existence de profils de déclin dans les sphères des fonctions exécutives et mnémoniques et que ces profils résultent directement d'atteintes aux systèmes frontaux et temporaux du télencéphale.

Keywords

Vieillissementneuropsychologiefonctions exécutivesfonctions mnémoniqueslobes frontauxlobes temporaux.
Type
Articles
Information
Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement , Volume 9 , Issue 2 , Summer/Été 1990 , pp. 135 - 158
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Association on Gerontology 1990

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