Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T18:21:20.115Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Our obligations to future generations: the limits of intergenerational justice and the necessity of the ethics of metaphysics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2020

Pranay Sanklecha*
Affiliation:
Philosophy, Karl-Franzens-Universitat Graz, Graz, Austria

Abstract

Theories of intergenerational justice are a very common and popular way to conceptualise the obligations currently living people may have to future generations. After briefly pointing out that these theories presuppose certain views about the existence, number and identity of future people, I argue that the presuppositions must themselves be ethically investigated, and that theories of intergenerational justice lack the theoretical resources to be able to do this. On that basis, I claim it is necessary to do the ‘ethics of metaphysics’ in order to fully comprehend what, if anything, we may owe future generations. I defend these claims against some important objections.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Journal of Philosophy 2017

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Beckerman, Wilfried, and Pasek, Joanna. 2001. Justice, Posterity, and the Environment. Oxford, NY: Oxford University Press. 10.1093/0199245088.001.0001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bell, Derek. 2011. “Does Anthropogenic Climate Change Violate Human Rights?Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy 14 (2): 99124. 10.1080/13698230.2011.529703CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caney, Simon. 2008. “Human Rights, Climate Change, and Discounting.” Environmental Politics 17 (4): 536555. doi:10.1080/09644010802193401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caney, Simon. 2009. “Justice and the Distribution of Greenhouse Gas Emissions.” Journal of Global Ethics 5 (2): 125146. doi:10.1080/17449620903110300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caney, Simon. 2010. “Climate Change, Human Rights, and Moral Thresholds.” In Climate Ethics. Essential Readings, edited by Gardiner, Stephen, Caney, Simon, Jamieson, Dale, and Shue, Henry, 163177. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Feinberg, Joel. 1974. “The rights of animals and unborn generations.” In Philosophy and Environmental Crisis, edited by Blackstone, William T., 4368. Athens: University of Georgia Press.Google Scholar
Hayward, Tim. 2007. “Human Rights Versus Emissions Rights: Climate Justice and the Equitable Distribution of Ecological Space.” Ethics & International Affairs 21 (4): 431450. doi:10.1111/j.1747-7093.2007.00117.x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herstein, Ori J. 2008. “Historic Justice and the Non-Identity Problem: The Limitations of the Subsequent-Wrong Solution and Towards a New Solution.” Law and Philosophy 27 (5): 505531. doi:10.1007/s10982-008-9025-y.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heyd, David. 1994. Genethics. Moral Issues in the Creation of People. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Jonas, Hans. 1984. The Imperative of Responsibility. In Search of an Ethics for the Technological Age. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Kolakowski, Leszek. 2001. Metaphysical Horror. translated by Kolakowska, Agnieszka. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Meyer, Lukas H. 1997. “More Than They Have A Right To: Future People and Our Future-Oriented Projects.” In Contingent Future Persons, edited by Shelp, Earl E. and Fotion, Nick, 137156. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic. 10.1007/978-94-011-5566-3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyer, Lukas H. 2015. “Intergenerational Justice.” In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, edited by Zalta, Edward N.. Fall 2015 Edition. (accessed December 28, 2016). http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2015/entries/justice-intergenerational/.Google Scholar
Meyer, Lukas H., and Roser, Dominic. 2012. “Enough for the Future.” In Intergenerational Justice, edited by Gosseries, Axel, and Meyer, Lukas, 219248. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Page, Edward A. 2006. Climate Change, Justice and Future Generations. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. 10.4337/9781845424718CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parfit, Derek. 1984. Reasons and Persons. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Rawls, John. 1999. A Theory of Justice. revised edition Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.Google Scholar
Sanklecha, Pranay. 2016. “Should there be future people? A fundamental question for climate change and intergenerational justice.” WIREs Clim Change. doi:10.1002/wcc.453.Google Scholar
Scheffler, Samuel. 2013. Death and the Afterlife. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199982509.001.0001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shue, Henry. 2011. “Human rights, climate change, and the trillionth ton.” In The Ethics of Global Climate Change, edited by Arnold, Denis G., 292314. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 10.1017/CBO9780511732294CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steiner, H., and Vallentyne, Peter. 2012. “Libertarian Theories of Intergenerational Justice.” In Intergenerational Justice, edited by Gosseries, Axel and Meyer, Lukas, 5076. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Thompson, Janna. 2012. “Identity and Obligation in a Transgenerational Polity.” In Intergenerational Justice, edited by Gosseries, Axel and Meyer, Lukas, 2549. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
van Inwagen, P., and Sullivan, Meghan. 2016. “Metaphysics,” In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, edited by Zalta, Edward N.. Winter 2016 Edition. (accessed December 28, 2016). https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2016/entries/metaphysics/.Google Scholar
Vanderheiden, Steve. 2008. Atmospheric Justice. A Political Theory of Climate Change. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195334609.001.0001CrossRefGoogle Scholar