Hostname: page-component-669899f699-2mbcq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-04-30T04:03:21.152Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Botulinum Toxin for Benign Essential Blepharospasm, Hemifacial Spasm and Age-Related Lower Eyelid Entropion

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2015

Jean Carruthers  and
Harrison A. Stubbs
Jean Carruthers*
Affiliation:
Department of Ophthalmology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
Harrison A. Stubbs
Affiliation:
Department of Biomedical and Environmental Health Science, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley
*
Suite 210, 2730 Commercial Drive, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V5N 5P4
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract:

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Purified botulinum A exotoxin was used in the treatment of forty seven patients with benign essential blepharospasm, 11 patients with hemifacial spasm and 2 patients with age-related entropion. The treatment was effective in all three groups for an average of 3-4 months when symptoms recurred and repeated chemodenervation with toxin was needed. The commonest complication was transient ptosis with an overall frequency of 7.8%. This incidence increased to 11.1% with toxin doses higher than 25 units per orbicularis. The treatment was well accepted by the patients, who were subsequently able to return to pre-blepharospasm lifestyles.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences , Volume 14 , Issue 1 , February 1987 , pp. 42 - 45
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Neurological Sciences Federation 1987

References

1.Henderson, JW.Essential blepharospasm. Tr Am Ophthal Soc 1956; 54: 453–520.Google ScholarPubMed
2.Bird, AC, McDonald, WI.Essential blepharospasm. Tr Ophthalmol Soc U.K. 1975; 95: 250–253.Google ScholarPubMed
3.Fox, SA.Relief of intractable blepharospasm, a preliminary report. Am J Ophthalmol 1951; 34: 1351–1356.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4.Gillam, WN, Anderson, RL.Blepharospasm surgery. Arch Ophthalmol 1981; 99: 1056–1062.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5.Reynolds, DH, Smith, JL, Walsh, TJ.Differential section of the facial nerve for blepharospasm. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1967; 71: 656–664.Google ScholarPubMed
6.Callahan, A.Intractable blepharospasm. Am J Ophthalmol 1965; 60: 788–791.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7.Scott, AB, Rosenbaum, AL, Collins, CL.Pharmacologic weakening of extraocular muscles. Invest Ophthalmol 1973; 12: 924–927.Google ScholarPubMed
8.Scott, AB.Botulinum toxin injection into extraocular muscles as an alternative to strabismus surgery. Ophthalmology 1980; 10: 1044–1049.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9.Scott, AB.Botulinum toxin injection of eye muscles to correct strabismus. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1981; 79: 734–770.Google ScholarPubMed
10.McCord, CP, Coles, WH, Shore, JW, Spector, R, Putnam, J.Treatment of essential blepharospasm 1. Comparison of facial nerve avulsion & eyebrow-eyelid muscle stripping procedure. Arch Ophthalmol 1984; 102: 266–268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11.Scott, AB, Kennedy, RA, Stubbs, HA.Botulinum toxin injection as a treatment for blepharospasm. Arch Ophthalmol 1985; 103: 347–350.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12.Tsui, JK, Eisen, A, Mak, E, Carruthers, J, Scott, AB, Calne, DB.A pilot study on the use of botulinum toxin in spasmodic torticollis. Can J Neurol Sci 1985; 4: 314–316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar