This is a report on observations made in the field and in the laboratory in 1954 and 1955 at Fredericton, New Brunswick, on the responses to light and influences of light and temperature on the locomotory activities of introduced insect predators and the motile first-instar larva, or crawler, of the balsam woolly aphid, Adelges piceae (Ratz.). Adults and larvae of the predators were observed in the field and tests were conducted with adults in the laboratory. The species studied were Aphidecta obliterata (L.) and Pullus impexus (Muls.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Cremifania nigrocellulata Cz. and Neoleucopis obscura (Hal.) (Diptera: Chamaemyiidae) , and Laricobius erichsonii Rosenh. (Coleoptera: Derodontidae). The work is part of an investigation on factors influencing the searching abilities of the predators.

The time required for passage of food through various segments of the alimentary canal is important in understanding the process of digestion in insects. Abbott (1926) gave some information on this subject in connection with his study of the physiology of digestion in the Australian roach, Perqlaneta australasiae Fab. Snipes and Tauber (1937), have recorded the time required for passage and ejection of one type of food in the American cockroach, P. americana L. Later Day and Powning (1949) studied the time taken for starch paste to reach different parts of the alimentary canal of the German cockroach, Blattella germmica (L.). But any information in this respect seems to be lacking in numerous species of insects other than the cockroach. This study was undertaken to determine the time required to reach various points of the gut of small stored grain beetles, to find out the difference in the time requirement between two closely related species living on same diet and between large and small insects. Investigations were also made to locate the region of mixing in the gut of two subsequent meals, to understand the significance of certain anatomical structures in the gut in relation to the movement of food. The adult beetles used in these experiments were, Tribolium confusum Duv., T. castaneum Herbst (Fam. Tenebrionidae), Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), O. mercator (Fauval) and Laemophloeus pusilloides Steel and Howe (Fam. Cucujidae).

Biological studies of tetranychid mites have been hampered by lack of suitable techniques for studying and handling the mites in the field and laboratory. Common entomological methods are not readily adaptable for studying these minute animals. During population studies of orchard mites in British Columbia, the authors devised some field and laboratory techniques for studying the lifehistories of the brown mite, Bryobia arborea Morgan and Anderson, the clover mite, B. praetiosa Koch, and the European red mite, Metatetranychus ulmi (Koch).

The major concern of this work is a study of the external morphology of larvae of the Canadian species of Deilinea Hübner: D. borealis Hulst, D. erythemaria Guenée, D. exanthemata bryantaria Taylor, and D. variolaria Guenée. Observations on the life history and habits of two of these have been included.

The field work was carried out in 1955 and 1956 at the Kananaskis Forest Experiment Station, Seebe, Alberta. This station is on the east slope of the Rocky Mountains (Latitude 51°) and the observations were made at an altitude of about 4,500 feet.

Cocoons of Neodiprion sertifer (Geoff.) were collected in southwestern Ontario in 1941, 1943, 1946, 1947, and 1949 for experimental investigations at the Belleville laboratory. A total of 8,326 cocoons were collected, mainly within about eight miles northeast and east of Sarnia, Ont., but a few were collected at Strathroy and Brigden, Ont. Each cocoon was incubated separately in a small vial so that each parasite could be associated with the host cocoon from which it emerged. Sawflies emerged from 68 per cent of the cocoons and parasices from 12 per cent; dissection of the remaining cocoons showed 16 per cent contained dead sawfly larvae and pupae, and four per cent dead parasite larvae.

In an earlier laboratory study (Burnett, 1958) influences of various types of host distribution on the efficiency of the chalcid parasite Encarsia formosa Gahan were determined. A constant number of parasites searched among five host densities for scales of the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westw.), that were distributed in three patterns over a 25-square-inch surface. In addition to the increased parasitism resuItIng from contagious distributions of the host, it was found that approximately the same percentage of each of the five different host densities within the same distribution was attacked by the parasite.

Neilson (1955) listed 19 species of sawflies collected from low-bush blueberry fields in New Brunswick. However, most of the listed species are either scarce or transient. This paper embodies notes on the life-histories, seasonal development, and parasites of the common species, Neopareophora litura (Klug), Pristiphora bivittata (Nort.), P. idiota (Nort.), Pristiphora sp., and two species of Nematus. The data were obtained from field collections and insectary rearing. Keys are provided for identification of the immature stages.

The familiar species Pycnarmon jaguaralis (Guenée) ranges from the Himalayas to the Solomons and Queensland with comparatively little variation. Specimens from Buru, Obi, Luzon, Amboina and Waigeu seem hardly different from those from the Himalayas.

Coniferous timber in the Douglas-Fir Region is commonly subject to attack by ambrosia beetles of the families Scolytidae and Platypodidae. In view of the variety and extent of damage there is need for a ready method of identifying the ambrosia beetles causing major losses. It is the purpose of this paper to present methods of identifying the genera of ambrosia beetles found in the Douglas-Fir Region, by the general body shape of the insect, the diameter of the tunnel the beetles bore and the shape of the wood borings which they eject from these tunnels. These methods were developed by the author from original work conducted at Corvallis, Oregon in 1955-56 as part of his master's thesis at Oregon State College. Kinghorn, in Canada, developed similar methods of distinguishing ambrosia beetle damage and recently published means of differentiating the work of Gnathotrichus, from Trypodendron (Kinghorn, 1957).

Factors promoting wing production in aphids have been studied extensively by many workers (Ackerman, 1926; Bonnemaison, 1951; Ewing, 1925, 1926; Lal, 1952, 1955; Shull, 1926-1942; Wadley, 1923; and White, 1946), who advanced theories based on experimental results with different species but generally considered to be applicable to all aphids. La1 (1952, 1953) reviewed this literature. The experiment reported here indicates that the theories previously advanced do not apply equally to all species.

Requirements for insectaries or screened enclosures vary in entomological field work. Consequently a sectional insectary structurally adaptable to meet many requirements would have many uses. Recently such a structure was developed at the Belleville laboratory. Its design and construction are described in this paper and data are included on a number of insectaries that may be erected from a given number of similar parts.

Through the kindness of Dr. H. Höne, Bonn, I have the privilege of examining a large number of Pyralidae collected by him in China and Japan during his many years' residence in those countries. The material studied consists of duplicates of the vast co11ections sent to Prince Aristide Caradja in Rumania, and reported on by him in an extended series of papers in the years 1925 to 1939. In spite of his excellent taxonomic eye, Caradja did not study genitalia and rarely illustrated his species or discussed their structural characters. As Höne's collections have been the only ones to emanate from many of the regions he visited, and as Caradja's own collection, always remote, has for many years been inaccessible, and is believed to have been partly destroyed in wartime or post-war disturbances, the importance of the present material in elucidating the Caradja species is very great, and I owe Dr. Höne my most sincere thanks for permitting me to study it and to retain for the Canadian National Collection a substantial number of duplicates.

In the description of the Byron Bog (Judd, 1957) it was pointed out that one method of collecting insects in the bog was the use of a trap baited with malt extract and the position of the trap in the bog was also shown. The construction and use of the trap are described by Judd (1956). The trap was in operation from May 15 to November 15, 1956 and insects were removed from the trap each day and counted. Among the insects so collected were horseflies and deerflies. In addition, four of these flies were coIlected by making a circular sweep with an insect net, held at arm's length, through the tops of the bushes in the Chamaedaphnetum calyculatae association (Judd, 1957). The net used was one with a rim twelve inches in diameter and the radius of the circle over which the sweep was made was six feet. A single sweep was made each day from May 15 to November 15, 1956 and the flies so collected were sorted and counted.