Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T05:01:32.287Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

YIELD OF SPRING WHEAT IN RELATION TO LEVEL OF INFESTATION BY GREENBUGS (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

R.W. Kieckhefer ,
N.C. Elliott ,
W.E. Riedell  and
B.W. Fuller
R.W. Kieckhefer
Affiliation:
USDA, ARS Northern Grain Insects Research Laboratory, Rural Route #3, Brookings, South Dakota, USA 57006
N.C. Elliott
Affiliation:
USDA, ARS Northern Grain Insects Research Laboratory, Rural Route #3, Brookings, South Dakota, USA 57006
W.E. Riedell
Affiliation:
USDA, ARS Northern Grain Insects Research Laboratory, Rural Route #3, Brookings, South Dakota, USA 57006
B.W. Fuller
Affiliation:
USDA, ARS Northern Grain Insects Research Laboratory, Rural Route #3, Brookings, South Dakota, USA 57006
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The effect of greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), infestations on yield components of early- and late-planted spring wheat, Triticum aestivum L., were measured in 2 successive years in eastern South Dakota. Greenbug populations in plots generally increased rapidly and peaked when wheat plants were in boot stage. Populations then began a steady decrease until anthesis, at which time they were near zero. The number of seeds per spikelet and the number of spikelets per square metre were consistently significantly negatively correlated with aphid-days, whereas average seed weight was significantly negatively correlated with aphid-days for only one planting. A linear regression model that included different intercepts for each spring wheat planting and a common slope relating yield to greenbug feeding days (aphid-days) provided a good fit to the data. Based on the model, a loss of 41 kg of grain per hectare is expected for each 100 aphid-days that accumulate per tiller.

Résumé

Les dommages causés par les infestations du Puceron vert des graminées, Schizaphis graminum (Rodani), sur la production du blé, Triticum aestivum L., planté tôt ou tard au printemps, ont été mesurés au cours de deux années successives dans l’est du Dakota du Sud. Les populations de pucerons augmentaient généralement rapidement dans les grilles échantillons et atteignaient leur densité maximale à l’apparition de la gaine sur les plants de blé. Les populations se mettaient alors à diminuer progressivement jusqu’à l’anthèse alors que les densités devenaient presque nulles. Le nombre de graines par épi et le nombre d’épis par mètre carré étaient toujours en corrélation négative significative avec les pucerons-jours, alors que la masse moyenne des graines était en corrélation négative significative avec les pucerons-jours seulement dans une plantation. Un modèle de régression linéaire comportant différents intercepts pour chaque plantation de blé et une pente commune reliant la production au nombre de jours d’alimentation des pucerons (pucerons-jours) s’ajustait bien aux données. D’après ce modèle, il faut s’attendre à une perte de 41 kg de grain par hectare pour chaque tranche de 100 pucerons-jours qui s’accumulent par talle de blé.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 126 , Issue 1 , February 1994 , pp. 61 - 66
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1994

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Burton, R.L., Simon, D.D., Starks, K.J., and Morrison, R.D.. 1985. Seasonal damage by greenbugs (Homoptera: Aphididae) to a resistant and a susceptible variety of wheat. Journal of Economic Entomology 78: 395–401.Google Scholar
Dahms, R.G., and Wood, E.A. Jr., 1957. Evaluation of greenbug damage to small grains. Journal of Economic Entomology 50: 443–446.Google Scholar
Flickinger, E.L., Juenger, G., Roffe, T.J., Smith, M.R., and Irwin, R.J.. 1991. Poisoning of Canada geese in Texas by parathion sprayed for control of Russian wheat aphid. Journal of Wildlife Disease 27: 265–268.Google Scholar
Harvey, T.L., and Wilson, J.A.. 1962. Greenbug injury to resistant and susceptible winter wheat in the field. Journal of Economic Entomology 55: 258–260.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kantack, B.H., Kieckhefer, R.W., and Berndt, W.L.. 1981. Controlling Aphids on Small Grain. South Dakota State University Cooperative Extension Service Report FS–588: 2 pp.Google Scholar
Klass, E.E. 1982. Effects of pesticides on non-target organisms. pp. 7–9 in Dalgren, R.B. (Ed.), Workshop on Midwest Agricultural Interfaces with Fish and Wildlife Resources. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.Google Scholar
Kieckhefer, R. W., and Kantack, B.H.. 1980. Losses in yield in spring wheat in South Dakota caused by cereal aphids. Journal of Economic Entomology 73: 582–585.Google Scholar
Kieckhefer, R.W., Lytle, W.F., and Spuhler, W.. 1974. Spring movement of cereal aphids into South Dakota. Environmental Entomology 3: 347–350.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ortman, E.E., and Painter, R.H.. 1960. Quantitative measurements of damage by the greenbug, Toxoptera graminum, to four wheat varieties. Journal of Economic Entomology 53: 798–802.Google Scholar
Neter, J., and Wasserman, W.. 1974. pp. 262–265 in Applied Linear Statistical Models. Richard D. Irwin, Inc., Homewood, IL. 842 pp.Google Scholar
Pike, K.S., and Schaffner, R.L.. 1985. Development of autumn populations of cereal aphids, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) and Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) (Homoptera: Aphididae) and their effects on winter wheat in Washington state. Journal of Economic Entomology 78: 676–680.Google Scholar
Sloderbeck, P.E., Chowdhury, M.A., Depew, L.J., and Buschman, L.L.. 1991. Greenbug (Homoptera: Aphididae) resistance to parathion and chlorpyrifos-methyl. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 64: 1–4.Google Scholar
Teng, P.S., and Gaunt, R.E.. 1980. Modelling systems of disease and yield loss in cereals. Agricultural Systems 6: 131–154.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wood, E.A. Jr., and Henderson, C.F.. 1965. Effect of greenbug control during jointing and booting stages of growth on yields of Triumph wheat. Oklahoma Agriculture Experiment Station Processed Series P–493: 4 pp.Google Scholar
Zadoks, J.C., Chang, T.T., and Konzak, C.F.. 1974. A decimal code for the growth stages of cereals. Weed Research 14: 415–421.CrossRefGoogle Scholar