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ROOT MAGGOT DAMAGE TO CANOLA AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF DELIA SPP. (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE) IN MANITOBA1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

W.J. Turnock ,
B. Timlick ,
B.E. Galka  and
P. Palaniswamy
W.J. Turnock
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, CanadaR3T 2M9
B. Timlick
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, CanadaR3T 2M9
B.E. Galka
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, CanadaR3T 2M9
P. Palaniswamy
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, CanadaR3T 2M9
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Abstract

The cabbage root maggot, Delia radicum (L.), was the only Delia species capable of attacking undamaged roots of canola [oilseed rape, Brassica napus (L.)] that was found in commercial fields in Manitoba. Adults of the overwintering generation infest canola. Their progeny, adults of the first generation, left the maturing plants after completing a single generation. Root maggot damage occurred in fields in all agricultural regions of the province. The mean percentage of the roots with damage was higher in the more northerly agricultural regions (15.8%) than in the south (8.0%). Most of the damage was light and the damage did not visibly affect the growth or vigour of the plants. Foot rot fungi were not associated with the feeding damage. In cage experiments, the seed yield of canola did not decrease with increasing proportions of plants damaged by D. radicum. The percentage of plants with root maggot damage (DAM) was best described in a polynomial by the mean daily air temperature (TEMP) and the total precipitation (RAIN) for June and July:

log(DAM + 1)=–12.3 + 0.66 TEMP + 0.09 RAIN – 0.004(TEMP × RAIN).

The level of damage caused by the larvae of D. radicum to canola in commercial fields during the years 1985 through 1988 did not appear to have caused yield losses. However, the level of damage increased with increasing precipitation and temperature during June and July so a series of favourable years could lead to increased damage and possibly to significant yield losses.

Résumé

Parmi les espèces de Delia, seule D. radicum (L.), la Mouche du chou, est capable d’attaquer les racines saines de canola [Brassica napus (L.)] dans les cultures commerciales du Manitoba. Les adultes de la population qui survivent à l’hiver infestent la piante. Leurs rejetons, adultes de la première génération, quittent les plants à maturité après avoir produit une seule génération. Des infestations se sont produites dans les champs de toutes les régions agricoles de la province. Le pourcentage moyen de racines endommagées était plus élevé dans les régions agricoles les plus nordiques (15,8%) que dans les régions plus australes (8,0%). La plupart des blessures étaient légères et ne semblaient pas affecter la croissance ou la vigueur des plants. Aucun champignon ne semblait associé aux blessures causées par l’alimentation des insectes. Au cours d’expériences dans des cages, la production de graines de canola n’a pas diminué malgré l’augmentation de la proportion de plants infestés par D. radicum. Le pourcentage de plants blessés (DAM) peut s’exprimer par un polynome qui tient compte de la température quotidienne de l’air (TEMP) et des précipitations totales (RAIN) en juin et juillet :

log(DAM + 1)=–12,3 + 0,66 TEMP + 0,09 RAIN – 0,004(TEMP × RAIN).

L’importance des dommages causés par les larves de D. radicum aux plants de canola dans les cultures commerciales de 1985 à 1988 ne semble pas avoir entraîne de pertes dans les récoltes. Cependant, l’importance des dommages a augmenté en fonction des précipitations et de la température en juin et juillet et il est possible qu’une suite d’années favorables résulte en une augmentation des dommages et, par conséquent, en des pertes considérables.

[Traduit par la rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 124 , Issue 1 , February 1992 , pp. 49 - 58
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1992

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