Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-30T21:44:21.855Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A review of the crane fly genus Epiphragma (Diptera: Tipulidae s.l.) in North America (including Mexico)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 March 2012

Jon K. Gelhaus  and
Anthony Ruggeri
Jon K. Gelhaus*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103-1195, United States of America; and Smithsonian Institution, 10th Street and Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, District of Columbia 20560, United States of America
Anthony Ruggeri
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103-1195, United States of America
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]).
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This study examines the seven described species of Epiphragma Osten Sacken (Diptera: Tipulidae s.l.) known to occur in North America including Mexico. A key to species, descriptions, distributional ranges, habitat information, and literature references are given and the wing patterning and male genitalia are illustrated. The male of Epiphragma celator Alexander is described for the first time and the species range is extended north from Michoacan, Mexico to southern Arizona, United States of America. The range of Epiphragma arizonense Alexander is extended from southern Arizona south to Sinaloa, Mexico. The male hypopygium of Epiphragma nebulosum (Bellardi) and wing and hypopygium of Epiphragmaoreonympha Alexander are illustrated for the first time.

Résumé

Cette étude examine les sept espèces décrites du genre Epiphragma Osten Sacken (Diptera: Tipulidae s.l.) connues pour l'Amérique du Nord, Mexique inclus. Une clé d'indentification à l'espèce, la description, la distribution géographique, le descriptif de l'habitat et les références bibliographiques sont fournis dans cette publication pour les sept espèces. Également, les ailes et les genitalia du mâle ont été redécrits et illustrés. Le mâle de Epiphragma celator Alexander est décrit pour la première fois, et l'aire de répartition de l'espèce s’étend au nord de Michoacán au Mexique jusqu'en Arizona du sud, aux États-Unis. L'aire de répartition de Epiphragma arizonense Alexander s’étend au sud de l'Arizona du sud jusqu'en Sinaloa au Mexique. L'hypopygium du mâle d’ Epiphragma nebulosum (Bellardi) ainsi que les ailes et l'hypopygium de Epiphragma oreonympha Alexander sont illustrés pour la première fois.

Type
Original Article
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 144 , Issue 2 , April 2012 , pp. 353 - 375
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2012 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Unpublished for the purposes of zoological nomenclature (Art. 8.2, ICZN)

References

Alexander, C.P. 1913. A synopsis of part of the Neotropical crane-flies of the subfamily Limnobinae. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 44: 481–549.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alexander, C.P. 1919. The crane-flies of New York. Part I. Distribution and taxonomy of the adult flies. Memoirs, Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station, 25: 767–993.Google Scholar
Alexander, C.P. 1920. The crane-flies of New York. Part II. Biology and phylogeny. Memoirs, Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station, 38: 691–1133.Google Scholar
Alexander, C.P. 1927. Studies on the crane-flies of Mexico. Part III. (Order Diptera, Superfamily Tipuloidea). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 20: 301–318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alexander, C.P. 1928. Studies on the crane-flies of Mexico. Part IV. (Order Diptera, Superfamily Tipuloidea). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 21: 101–119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alexander, C.P. 1943. Family Tipulidae. In Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Part VI. The Diptera or true flies of Connecticut. First Fascicle. Edited by G.C. Crampton et al., Bulletin Connecticut State Geological and Natural History Survey, 64: 196–486 (Cover date 1942, reprinted 1966).Google Scholar
Alexander, C.P. 1946a. Records and descriptions of North American crane flies (Diptera) Part VI. Tipuloidea of Arizona, New Mexico and Trans-Pecos Texas, I. American Midland Naturalist, 35: 484–531.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alexander, C.P. 1946b. Records and descriptions of Mexican crane flies (Dipt. Tipulidae). Anales de la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, 4: 213–254.Google Scholar
Alexander, C.P. 1948. Notes on the tropical American species of Tipulidae (Diptera). IV. The primitive Hexatomini: Paradelphomyia, Austrolimnophila, Epiphragma, Lecteria, Polymera, and allies. Revista de Entomologia, 19(1–2): 149–190.Google Scholar
Alexander, C.P. 1949. Records and descriptions of North American crane-flies (Diptera). Part VIII. The Tipuloidea of Washington. I. American Midland Naturalist, 42: 257–333.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alexander, C.P. 1965. Tipulidae. In A catalog of the Diptera of America north of Mexico. Edited by A. Stone, C.W. Sabrosky, W.W. Wirth, R.H. Foote, and J.R. Coulson. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC, 1696. pp. 16–90 (1983 reprint).Google Scholar
Alexander, C.P. 1967. New or little-known species of exotic Tipulidae (Diptera). XIV. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (B), 36: 61–68.Google Scholar
Alexander, C.P., Alexander, M.M. 1970. Family Tipulidae. A catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States, 4: 1–259.Google Scholar
Alexander, C.P., Byers, G.W. 1981. Tipulidae. In Manual of Nearctic Diptera, vol. 1. Coordinated by J.F. McAlpine, B.V. Peterson, G.E. Shewell, H.J. Teskey, J.R. Vockeroth, and D.M. Wood. Agriculture Canada Monograph no. 27. pp. 153–190.Google Scholar
Bellardi, L. 1859. Saggio di Ditterologia Messicana, Parte I. Dalla Stamperia Reala, Torino.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brindle, A. 1967. The larvae and pupae of the British Cylindrotominae and Limoniinae (Diptera, Tipulidae). Transactions of the Society for British Entomology, 17(7): 151–216.Google Scholar
Brown, B.V., Borkent, A., Cumming, J.M., Wood, D.M., Woodley, N.E., Zumbado, M. (editors). 2009 Manual of Central American Diptera, vol. 1. NRC Research Press. Ottawa, Ontario.Google Scholar
Contreras-Ramos, A., Gelhaus, J.K. 2002. Chapter 34. Tipulidae. In Biodiversidad, taxonomia y biogeografia de artropodos de Mexico Vol. III. Edited by J.L. Bousquets and J.J. Morrone. Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico. pp. 583–595.Google Scholar
Edwards, F.W. 1938. British short-palped craneflies. Taxonomy of adults. Transactions of the Society for British Entomology, 5(1): 1–168.Google Scholar
Gelhaus, J.K. 2009. Tipulidae (crane flies, Tipulidos). In Manual of Central American Diptera, vol. 1. Edited by B.V. Brown, A. Borkent, J.M. Cumming, D.M. Wood, N.E. Woodley, and M. Zumbado. NRC Research Press, Canada. pp. 193–236.Google Scholar
Heydemann, B., Hofmann, W., Irmler, U. 1991. Zur Habitatpräferenz und Phänologie der Limoniidae, Tipulidae, und Cylindrotomidae (Diptera) im Bereich eines norddeutschen Tieflandbaches. Faunistisch-Ökologische Mitteilungen, Supplement, 11: 1–156.Google Scholar
Krivosheina, N.P. 2009. Morphological characterization of the larvae and pupae of Epiphragma (Diptera, Limoniidae). Zoologicheskiy Zhurnal, 88: 454–464 (in Russian with English summary) (English translation: Entomological Review, 89: 340–350 (2009)).Google Scholar
Mao, M., Yang, D. 2009. New species of the genus Epiphragma Osten Sacken from Yunnan, southwest China (Diptera, Limoniidae). Zootaxa, 2121: 44–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McAlpine, J.F., Peterson, B.V., Shewell, G.E., Teskey, H.J., Vockeroth, J.R., Wood, D.M. (editors). 1981. Manual of Nearctic Diptera, vol. 1. Agriculture Canada Monograph no. 27.Google Scholar
Oosterbroek, P. 2010. Catalogue of the craneflies of the World. (Insecta, Diptera, Tipuloidea, Pediciidae, Limoniidae, Cylindrotomidae, and Tipulidae) [online]. Available from http://ip30.eti.uva.nl/ccw/index.php [accessed 10 September 2010].Google Scholar
Oosterbroek, P., Theowald, Br. 1991. Phylogeny of the Tipuloidea based on characters of larvae and pupae (Diptera, Nematocera), with an index to the literature except Tipulidae. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 134: 211–267.Google Scholar
Osten Sacken, C.R. 1859. New genera and species of North American Tipulidae with short palpi, with an attempt at a new classification of the tribe. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, 1859: 197–254.Google Scholar
Osten Sacken, C.R. 1869. Monographs of the Diptera of North America. Part IV. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 219. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Osten Sacken, C.R. 1886. Diptera, vol. I. Biologia Centrali-Americana. R.H. Porter, London.Google Scholar
Petersen, M.J., Bertone, M.A., Wiegmann, B.M., Courtney, G.W. 2010. Phylogenetic synthesis of morphological and molecular data reveals new insights into the higher-level classification of Tipuloidea (Diptera). Systematic Entomology, 35: 526–545.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Podenas, S., Geiger, W., Haenni, J.-P., Gonseth, Y. 2006. Limoniidae & Pediciidae de Suisse. Fauna Helvetica, 14: 1–375.Google Scholar
Ribeiro, G.C. 2008. Phylogeny of the Limnophilinae (Limoniidae) and early evolution of the Tipulomorpha (Diptera). Invertebrate Systematics, 22: 627–694.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rogers, J.S. 1933. The ecological distribution of the crane-flies of northern Florida. Ecological Monographs, 3: 1–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rogers, J.S. 1942. The crane flies (Tipulidae) of the George Reserve, Michigan. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 53: 1–128.Google Scholar
Savchenko, E.N. 1989. Komary-limoniidy fauna SSSR (Limoniidae fauna of the USSR). Determination tables of superspecies taxa with catalogue survey of species. Akadimiya Nauk Ukrainian SSR, I.I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Naukova Dumka, Kiev. pp. 1–377 (in Russian).Google Scholar
Snodgrass, R.E. 1904. The hypopygium of the Tipulidae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 30(3): 179–236.Google Scholar
Young, C.-W. 1978. Comparison of the crane flies (Diptera: Tipulidae) of two woodlands in eastern Kansas, with a key to the adult crane flies of eastern Kansas. The University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 51(12): 407–440.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Young, C.-W., Gelhaus, J.K. 2000. Crane flies of Pennsylvania: preliminary checklist and database development with emphasis on aquatic species [online]. Available from http://clade.ansp.org/entomology/people/gelhaus/ [accessed 10 September 2010].Google Scholar