Hostname: page-component-cc8bf7c57-fxdwj Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-11T23:06:12.141Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Pan trapping in habitats supporting Platanthera (Orchidaceae) shows little difference in insect family-level diversity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2021

Genevieve E. van der Voort ,
Manu E. Saunders  and
Jasmine K. Janes Open the ORCID record for Jasmine K. Janes [Opens in a new window]
Genevieve E. van der Voort
Affiliation:
Vancouver Island University, Biology Department, 900 Fifth Street, Nanaimo, British Columbia, V9R 5S5, Canada
Manu E. Saunders
Affiliation:
University of New England, School of Environmental and Rural Sciences, Geography Road, Armidale, New South Wales, 2350, Australia
Jasmine K. Janes*
Affiliation:
Vancouver Island University, Biology Department, 900 Fifth Street, Nanaimo, British Columbia, V9R 5S5, Canada University of New England, School of Environmental and Rural Sciences, Geography Road, Armidale, New South Wales, 2350, Australia
*
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The role of insects as pollinators within plant communities is well established, yet our knowledge of insect biodiversity in many habitats is lacking. Given the growing concern that insect biodiversity is declining, it is increasingly important to document insect assemblages from a wide range of geographic locations and habitats. Pan trapping is a common means of sampling local insect diversity. Many studies have found different insects associated with different-coloured pan traps. Here, eight different-coloured pan traps were used to sample local insect diversity in habitats supporting Platanthera (bog and rein) orchids on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. A total of 16 sites supporting seven orchid species resulted in 435 insects from 53 families being caught over 64.9 hours of pan trapping. Both Shannon and Simpson diversity index values were low despite sampling in markedly different habitats. Yellow traps caught higher numbers of insects, but no statistical difference was found among colours overall. No activity indicating pollination was recorded from a total of 254 insect observations over 21.5 hours. Our results contribute important baseline data on the diversity and behaviour of insect communities in orchid habitats of Vancouver Island and on the use of pan traps to characterise insect communities.

Type
Scientific Notes
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 153 , Issue 5 , October 2021 , pp. 566 - 578
Check for updates
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of Canada

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Subject editor: Katie Marshall

References

Abrahamczyk, S., Steudel, B., and Kessler, M. 2010. Sampling Hymenoptera along a precipitation gradient in tropical forests: the effectiveness of different coloured pan traps. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 137: 262–268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bateman, R.M., Hollingsworth, P.M., Preston, J., Yi-Bo, L., Pridgeon, A.M., and Chase, M.W. 2003. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution of Orchidinae and selected Habenariinae (Orchidaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 142: 1–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bateman, R.M., James, K.E., Luo, Y.B., Lauri, R.K., Fulcher, T., Cribb, P.J., and Chase, M.W. 2009. Molecular phylogenetics and morphological reappraisal of the Platanthera clade (Orchidaceae: Orchidinae) prompts expansion of the generic limits of Galearis and Platanthera . Annals of Botany, 104: 431–445.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boberg, E., Alexandersson, R., Jonsson, M., Maad, J., Ågren, J., and Nilsson, L.A. 2013. Pollinator shifts and the evolution of spur length in the moth-pollinated orchid Platanthera bifolia . Annals of Botany, 113: 267–275.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boland, J.T. 1993. The floral biology of Platanthera dilatata (Purish.) Lindl. (Orchidaceae). MSc. thesis. Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada.Google Scholar
Brown, P.M. 2006. Wild orchids of the Pacific Northwest and Canadian Rockies. University Press of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.Google Scholar
Campbell, J.W. and Hanula, J.L. 2007. Efficiency of malaise traps and colored pan traps for collecting flower visiting insects from three forested ecosystems. Journal of Insect Conservation, 11: 399–408.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Darling, D.C. and Packer, L. 1988. Effectiveness of malaise traps in collecting Hymenoptera: the influence of trap design, mesh size, and location. The Canadian Entomologist, 120: 787–796.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Enns, A., Kraus, D., and Hebb, A. 2020. Ours to save: the distribution, status and conservation needs of Canada’s endemic species. NatureServe Canada and Nature Conservancy of Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.Google Scholar
Fay, M.F., Pailler, T., and Dixon, K.W. 2015. Orchid conservation: making the links. Annals of Botany, 116: 377–379.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gaskett, A.C. and Gallagher, R.V. 2018. Orchid diversity: spatial and climatic patterns from herbarium records. Ecology and Evolution, 8: 11235–11245.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goulet, H. and Huber, J.T. 1993. Hymenoptera of the world: an identification guide to families, Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. 688 pp.Google Scholar
Gullan, P.J. and Cranston, P.S. 2014. Insects and plants. In An outline of entomology. Edited by P.J. Gullan and P.S. Cranston. John Wiley and Sons, Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, United Kingdom. Pp. 289–353.Google Scholar
Hallmann, C.A., Sorg, M., Jongejans, E., and Siepel, N. 2017. More than 75 percent decline over 27 years in total flying insect biomass in protected areas. PLOS One, 12: e0185809. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0185809.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hapeman, J.R. and Inoue, K. 1997. Plant pollinator interactions and floral radiation in Platanthera (Orchidaceae). In Molecular evolution and adaptive radiation. Edited by Givinish, T.J. and Sytsma, K.J.. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom. Pp. 433–454.Google Scholar
Janes, J.K., Steane, D.A., and Vaillancourt, R.E. 2010. An investigation into the ecological requirements and niche partitioning of Pterostylidinae (Orchidaceae) species. Australian Journal of Botany, 58: 335–341.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kerr, P.H. 2008. Fungus gnats (Diptera: Mycetophilidae and others). In Encyclopedia of entomology. Edited by J.L. Capinera. Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. Pp. 1393–1560.Google Scholar
Krebs, C.J. 2014. Species diversity measures. In Ecological methodology. Third edition (in preparation). Pp. 532–593. Available from https://www.zoology.ubc.ca/˜krebs/books.html [accessed 20 April 2019].Google Scholar
Laroche, V., Pellerin, S., and Brouillet, L. 2012. White fringed orchid as indicator of Sphagnum bog integrity. Ecological Indicators, 14: 50–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Larson, R.J. 1992. Pollination of Platanthera dilatata var. dilatata in Oregon by the noctuid moth Discestra oregonica . Madrono, 39: 236–237.Google Scholar
Leong, J.M. and Thorp, R.W. 1999. Colour-coded sampling: the pan trap colour preferences of oligolectic and nonoligolectic bees associated with a vernal pool plant. Ecological Entomology, 24: 329–335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marshall, S.A. 2006. Insect picture keys. In Insects: their natural history and diversity. Edited by S.A. Marshall. Firefly Books Ltd., Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada. Pp. 615–668.Google Scholar
Marshall, S.A. 2012. Identifying flies. In Flies: the natural history and diversity of Diptera. Edited by S.A. Marshall. Firefly Books Ltd., Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada. Pp. 557–593.Google Scholar
McCabe, L., Colella, E., Chesshire, P., Smith, D., and Cobb, N.S. 2019. The transition from bee-to-fly dominated communities with increasing elevation and greater forest canopy cover. PLOS One, 14: e0217198. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217198.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moreira, E.F., da Silva Santos, R.L., Penna, U.L., Angel-Coca, C., and Freitas de Oliveira, F. 2016. Are pan traps colors complementary to sample community of potential pollinator insects? Journal of Insect Conservation, 20: 583–596.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mõtlep, M., Tali, K., Ilves, A., Õunap, E., and Kull, T. 2018. Management affects the pollinator abundance but not the reproductive success of butterfly orchids. Plant Ecology, 219: 1329–1339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patt, J.M., Merchant, M.W., Williams, D.R.E., and Meeuse, B.J.D. 1989. Pollination biology of Platanthera stricta (Orchidaceae) in Olympic National Park, Washington. American Journal of Botany, 76: 1097–1011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reiter, N., Whitfield, J., Pollard, G., Bedggood, W., and Argall, M. 2016. Orchid re-introductions: an evaluation of success and ecological considerations using key comparative studies from Australia. Plant Ecology, 217: 81–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saunders, M.E., Janes, J.K., and O’Hanlon, J.C. 2020a. Semantics of the insect decline narrative: recommendations for communicating insect conservation to peer and public audiences. Insect Conservation and Diversity, 13: 211–213.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saunders, M.E., Janes, J.K., and O’Hanlon, J.C. 2020b. Moving on from the insect apocalypse narrative: engaging with evidence-based insect conservation. BioScience, 70: 80–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saunders, M.E. and Luck, G.W. 2012. Pan trap catches of pollinator insects vary with habitat. Australian Journal of Entomology, 52: 106–113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saunders, M.E., Roger, E., Geary, W.L., Meredith, F., and Welbourne, D.J. 2018. Citizen science in schools: engaging students in research on urban habitat for pollinators. Austral Ecology, 43: 635–642.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schiestl, F.P. and Schlüter, P.M. 2009. Floral isolation, specialized pollination, and pollinator behavior in orchids. Annual Review of Entomology, 54: 425–446.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scriven, L.A., Sweet, M.J., and Port, G.R. 2013. Flower density is more important than habitat type for increasing flower-visiting insect diversity. International Journal of Ecology, 2013: 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/237457.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shapiro, S.S. and Wilk, M.B. 1965. An analysis of variance test for normality (complete samples). Biometrica, 52: 591–611.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steen, R. 2012. Pollination of Platanthera chlorantha (Orchidaceae): new video registration of a hawkmoth (Sphingidae). Nordic Journal of Botany, 30: 623–626.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stephen, W.P. and Rao, S. 2005. Unscented colour traps for non-Apis bees (Hymenoptera: Apiformes). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 78: 373–380.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stpiczynska, M. 2003. Floral longevity and nectar secretion of Platanthera chlorantha (Custer) Rchb. (Orchidaceae). Annals of Botany. 92: 191–197.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Suetsugu, K. and Hayamizu, M. 2014. Moth floral visitors of the three rewarding Platanthera orchids revealed by interval photography with a digital camera. Journal of Natural History, 48: 1103–1109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swarts, N.D. and Dixon, K.W. 2009. Terrestrial orchid conservation in the age of extinction. Annals of Botany, 104: 543–556.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Der Cingel, N.A. 2001. An atlas of orchid pollination. A.A. Balkema Press, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.Google Scholar
Vrdoljak, S.M. and Samways, M.J. 2012. Optimising coloured pan traps to survey flower visiting insects. Journal of Insect Conservation, 16: 345–354.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waloff, N. 1966. Scotch broom (Sarothamnus scoparius (L.) Wimmer) and its insect fauna introduced into the Pacific Northwest of America. Journal of Applied Ecology, 3: 293–311.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Westwood, A.R., Otto, S.P., Mooers, A., Darimont, C., and Hodges, K.E. 2019. Protecting biodiversity in British Columbia: recommendations for developing species at risk legislation. FACETS, 4: 136–160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zaiontz, C. 2020. Real statistics resource pack software. Release 7.2. Available from http://www.real-statistics.com [accessed 20 April 2019].Google Scholar
Zar, J.H. 1974. Multisample hypotheses: the analysis of variance. In Biostatistical Analysis. Third edition. Edited by Zar, J.H.. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, United States of America. Pp. 179–211.Google Scholar