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Ontogeny, variation, and synonymy in North American Cybaeus spiders (Araneae: Cybaeidae)1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

Robert G. Bennett
Robert G. Bennett
Affiliation:
British Columbia Ministry of Forests, 7380 Puckle Road, Saanichton, British Columbia, Canada V8M 1W4 (e-mail: [email protected])
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Abstract

Ontogeny, interspecific homogeneity, and intraspecific variability of female genitalic and other characters of North American Cybaeus L. Koch spiders are described and used to resolve taxonomic problems in the genus. Ontogenetic changes in spermathecal duct morphology occur as females mature and age. Three distinct ontogenetic stages are described: pre-epigynum/pre-vulva, subadult / teneral adult, and mature adult. Concordant with aspects of sexual selection theory, closely related females may be morphologically indistinguishable. Many Cybaeus species exhibit a wide range of body size. Within single species, ontogenetic stages and outlier size classes have been described as separate species. Species with similar females have been lumped under one name. Based on this, 10 new synonyms are proposed for North American Cybaeus: C. adenoides Schenkel = C. grizzlyi Schenkel; C. chaudius Exline and C. hatchi Exline = C. shoshoneus Chamberlin and Ivie; C. exlineae Chamberlin and Ivie = C. bulbosus Exline; C. hystrix Chamberlin and Ivie = C. cribelloides Chamberlin and Ivie; C. janus Chamberlin and Ivie = C. eutypus Chamberlin and Ivie; C. marinensis Chamberlin and Ivie and C. angelus Chamberlin and Ivie = C. consocius Chamberlin and Ivie; and C. olympiae Exline and C. tius Chamberlin and Ivie = C. reticulatus Simon. In addition, four old synonyms are rejected: C. grizzlyi Schenkel and C. adenoides Schenkel ≠ C. adenes Chamberlin and Ivie; C. patritus Bishop and Crosby and C. silicis Barrows ≠ C. giganteus Banks.

Résumé

La description de l'ontogénie, de l'homogénéité interspécifique et de la variabilité intraspécifique des génitalias et d'autres caractères chez les araignées femelles nord-américaines du genre Cybaeus L. Koch sert à résoudre certains problèmes taxonomiques. Il se produit des changements ontogéniques dans la morphologie du canal de la spermathèque durant la maturation et le vieillissement des femelles. On peut décrire trois stades ontogéniques distincts, pré-épygine/pré-vulvaire, subadulte / adulte nouvellement émergé et adulte mature. En accord avec certains aspects de la théorie de la sélection sexuelle, les femelles proches peuvent être impossibles à distinguer morphologiquement. Plusieurs Cybaeus ont des tailles très variables. Au sein d'une même espèce, les stades ontogéniques et les classes de tailles extrêmes ont été décrits comme des espèces différentes. Des espèces à femelles semblables ont été réunies sous un même nom. En conséquence, 10 nouvelles synonymies sont proposées chez les Cybaeus nord-américains : C. adenoides Schenkel = C. grizzlyi Schenkel, C. chaudius Exline et C. hatchi Exline = C. shoshoneus Chamberlin et Ivie, C. exlineae Chamberlin et Ivie = C. bulbosus Exline, C. hystrix Chamberlin et Ivie = C. cribelloides Chamberlin et Ivie, C. janus Chamberlin et Ivie = C. eutypus Chamberlin et Ivie, C. marinensis Chamberlin et Ivie et C. angelus Chamberlin et Ivie = C. consocius Chamberlin et Ivie, ainsi que C. olympiae Exline et C. tius Chamberlin et Ivie = C. reticulatus Simon. De plus, quatre synonymies plus anciennes doivent être rejetées : C. grizzlyi Schenkel et C. adenoides Schenkel ≠ C. adenes Chamberlin et Ivie, de même que C. patritus Bishop et Crosby et C. silicis Barrows ≠ C. giganteus Banks.

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Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 138 , Special Issue/Numéro spécial 4: Honouring Geoffrey G. E. Scudder/En hommage à Geoffrey G.E. Scudder , August 2006 , pp. 473 - 492
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2006

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