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A new aphid genus and species (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Macrosiphini) living on ferns in Costa Rica and Mexico

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 June 2013

Juan M. Nieto Nafría ,
Nicolás Pérez Hidalgo ,
David Martínez-Torres  and
William Villalobos Muller
Juan M. Nieto Nafría*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental, Universidad de León, 24071 Leon, Spain
Nicolás Pérez Hidalgo
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental, Universidad de León, 24071 Leon, Spain
David Martínez-Torres
Affiliation:
Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de València, Apdo. Correos 22085, 46071 Valencia, Spain
William Villalobos Muller
Affiliation:
Centro de Investigación en Biología Celular y Molecular, Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060, San José, Costa Rica
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]). Subject editor: Patrice Bouchard
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Abstract

Aphid species colonising ferns belong to the subfamily Aphidinae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and the majority of these to the tribe Macrosiphini. A new genus in this tribe and its type species: Gibbomyzus pteridophytorumnew genus, new species, are established. Apterous and alate viviparous females are described from specimens collected on Blechnum buchtienii Rosenstock (Blechnaceae) in Costa Rica and on Pteridium aquilinum (Linnaeus) Kuhn (Dennstaedtiaceae) and an unidentified fern in Mexico. The taxonomic validity of the two new taxa is discussed based on morphological and molecular data. Morphologically, the new genus is compared with genera with swollen siphunculi recorded in the New World, and also with genera living on ferns anywhere in the world. The identification key by Blackman and Eastop to aphids living on ferns is modified. Molecular analyses were carried out on the sequences of a fragment of the mitochondrial gene encoding for cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 and of a fragment of the nuclear gene encoding elongation factor-1 alpha. In both analyses, G. pteridophytorumnewspecies sequences showed considerable divergence (∼4% or more) from those of 23 other species from diverse genera of Macrosiphini, supporting the conclusions of the morphological study and justifying the establishment of the new genus.

Résumé

Les espèces de pucerons qui colonisent des fougères appartiennent à la sous-famille Aphidinae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) et la majorité d'entre elles à la tribu Macrosiphini. Un nouveau genre de cette tribu et son espèce typique sont établis : Gibbomyzus pteridophytorum, nouveau genre, nouvelle espèce, avec la description des femelles vivipares aptères et ailées collectées sur Blechnum buchtienii Rosenstock (Blechnaceae) au Costa Rica, et sur Pteridium aquilinum (Linnaeus) Kuhn (Dennstaedtiaceae) et une fougère non identifiée au Mexique. La validité taxonomique des deux nouveaux taxons est discutée morphologiquement par la comparaison du nouveau genre avec des genres cités en Amérique qui présentent des cornicules gonflées, et des genres qui habitent sur des fougères dans n'importe quelle partie du monde. Une modification de la clé d'identification de Blackman et Eastop pour les pucerons qui habitent sur les fougères est présentée. Des analyses moléculaires ont été réalisées sur les séquences d'un fragment du gène mitochondrial qui code pour la sous-unité 1 du cytochrome oxydase et d'un fragment du gène nucléaire qui code pour le facteur d’élongation 1 alpha. Dans les deux analyses les séquences de G. pteridophytorumnouvelle espèce ont une divergence considérable (4% ou plus) avec celles de 23 espèces de plusieurs genres de Macrosiphini, en appuyant les conclusions de l’étude morphologique, et en justifiant qu'un nouveau genre soit établi.

Type
Systematics & Morphology
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 145 , Issue 5 , October 2013 , pp. 509 - 520
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2013 

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