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Natural history of Corythucha juglandis and Gargaphia tiliae (Hemiptera: Tingidae) in Ontario and Québec, Canada

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 June 2019

M. Javahery
M. Javahery*
Affiliation:
Lyman Entomological Museum and Research Laboratory, Macdonald Campus of McGill University, Sainte Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, H9X 3V9, Canada
*
Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected])
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Abstract

The natural history of Corythucha juglandis (Fitch) and Gargaphia tiliae (Walsh) (Hemiptera: Tingidae) was studied in Ontario and Québec, Canada. These univoltine species overwinter as adults in leaf litter in a state of reproductive diapause and become active in April or May. They are specific to their host plants. Adults, eggs, and nymphs of both species were collected from the underside of leaves of host plants. The reproductive systems of both male and female, as well as eggs, nymphs, and operculum of the eggs of the two species, are described and illustrated. Fecundity, incubation period, development of nymphs, feeding, mating, and oviposition were studied. Mating was end-to-end at an angle of 35–40°. The reproductive potential, oviposition pattern, and site selection in the two species were investigated. Parental care of eggs and brood of G. tiliae is also reported and illustrated. Ocelli, true spermathecae, true egg micropyles, and true egg burster are absent in the two species. Fertilisation takes place before chorion formation. Adults, nymphs, and new generation aggregate on the underside of leaves of their host or nearby deciduous plants. In October they fly a short distance to overwintering sites within leaf litter.

Résumé

Le cycle de vie de Corythucha juglandis (Fitch) et Gargaphia tiliae (Walsh) (Hemiptera: Tingidae) a été étudié en Ontario et au Québec, Canada. Ces espèces univoltines hivernent sous forme d’adultes dans la litière et deviennent actives en avril ou mai. Ils sont spécifiques à leur plante hôte. Les adultes, œufs et les stades immatures ont été principalement récoltés sous les feuilles de leurs plantes hôtes. Les organes reproducteurs des mâles et femelles, ainsi que les œufs, les nymphes, et l’operculum des œufs des deux espèces sont décrits et illustrés. La fécondité, la période d’incubation, le développement des nymphes, le mode d’alimentation, l’accouplement et l’oviposition ont été étudiés. L’accouplement s’est produit bout-à-bout à un angle de 35–40°. Le potentiel de reproduction, les patrons d’oviposition et la sélection des sites ont été examinés. Les soins parentaux des œufs et de la couvée de G. tiliai ont aussi été rapportés et illustrés. Les ocellesegg, les spermathèques véritables, les micropyles et le vrai ovirupteur des œufs sont absents et la fertilisation survient avant la formation des chorions chez les deux espèces. Les adultes et les nymphes se regroupent sous les feuilles de leurs plantes hôtes ou à proximité. La nouvelle génération d’adultes se regroupe quelque temps sous les feuilles puis vole sur une courte distance aux sites d’hivernage dans la litière à la fin d’octobre.

Type
Behaviour and Ecology
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 151 , Issue 4 , August 2019 , pp. 475 - 497
Copyright
© Entomological Society of Canada 2019 

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Footnotes

Subject editor: Christopher Cutler

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