Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T06:49:12.422Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Incidence of Monochamus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) species in Nova Scotia, Canada Christmas tree plantations and comparison of panel traps and lures from North America and Europe

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 November 2016

S.E. Blatt ,
C. Bishop  and
J. Sweeney
S.E. Blatt*
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 32 Main Street, Kentville, Nova Scotia, B4N 1J5, Canada
C. Bishop
Affiliation:
Bishop Naturalists, 89 Allison Coldwell Road, Gaspereau, Nova Scotia, B4P 2R1, Canada
J. Sweeney
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, 1350 Regent Street, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3C 2G6, Canada
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]).
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Christmas trees from Nova Scotia, Canada are banned from import into the European Union (EU) because they may be infected with the pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner and Buhrer) Nickle (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchidae). Monochamus Dejean (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) species known to vector pinewood nematode are present in Nova Scotia but their abundance in Christmas tree plantations and surrounding stands has not been assessed. We conducted trapping surveys and experiments in 2014 and 2015 to determine the species of Monochamus and their relative abundance in Nova Scotia Christmas tree plantations and the surrounding forests. We also compared commercially available traps and lures from Europe (cross-vane traps, Galloprotect lure=monochamol+ipsenol+α-pinene+2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol) and North America (intercept panel traps, North American lure=monochamol+ipsenol+α-pinene+ethanol) for their efficacy at catching Monochamus species in a 2×2 factorial experiment. We captured three Monochamus species (M. scutellatus (Say), M. notatus (Drury), and M. marmorator Kirby) in Nova Scotia Christmas tree plantations. Mean trap catches were greater within the plantations than in the surrounding forests. North American panel traps coated with Fluon® and baited with the European lure caught the most M. notatus and M. scutellatus and would be most suitable for survey and monitoring.

Type
Behaviour & Ecology
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 149 , Issue 2 , April 2017 , pp. 191 - 203
Copyright
© Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Subject editor: Deepa Pureswaran

References

Akbulut, S. and Stamps, W.T. 2012. Insect vectors of the pinewood nematode: a review of the biology and ecology of Monochamus species. Forest Pathology, 42: 89–99.Google Scholar
Allison, J.D., Bhandari, B.D., McKenney, J.L., and Millar, J.G. 2014. Design factors that influence the performance of flight intercept traps for the capture of longhorned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from the subfamilies Lamiinae and Cerambycinae. Public Library of Science One, 9: e93023. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0093203.Google ScholarPubMed
Allison, J.D. and Borden, J.H. 2001. Observations on the behavior of Monochamus scutellatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in northern British Columbia. Journal of the Entomological Society of British Columbia, 98: 195–200.Google Scholar
Allison, J.D., Borden, J.H., McIntosh, R.I., de Groot, P., and Gries, R. 2001. Kairomonal response by four Monochamus species (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) to bark beetle pheromones. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 27: 644–646.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Allison, J., Borden, J., and Seybold, S. 2004. Evolutionary, mechanistic and environmental approaches to chemically-mediated interactions. Chemoecology, 14: 123–150.Google Scholar
Allison, J.D., Graham, E.E., Poland, T.M., and Strom, B.L. 2016. Dilution of Fluon before trap surface treatment has no effect on longhorned beetle (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) captures. Journal of Economic Entomology, 109: 1215–1219. doi:10.1093/jee/tow081.Google Scholar
Allison, J.D., Johnson, C.W., Meeker, J.R., Strom, B.L., and Butler, S.M. 2011. Effect of aerosol surface lubricants on the abundance and richness of selected forest insects captured in multiple-funnel and panel traps. Journal of Economic Entomology, 104: 1258–1264.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Allison, J.D., McKenney, J.L., Millar, J.G., McElfresh, J.S., Mitchell, R.F., and Hanks, L.H. 2012. Response of the woodborers Monochamus carolinensis and Monochamus titillator to known cerambycid pheromones in the presence and absence of the host plant volatile α-pinene. Environmental Entomology, 41: 1587–1596.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Allison, J.D., Morewood, W.D., Borden, J.H., Hein, K.E., and Wilson, I.M. 2003. Differential bio-activity of Ips and Dendroctonus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) pheromone components for Monochamus clamator and M. scutellatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Environmental Entomology, 32: 23–30.Google Scholar
Álvarez, G., Etxebeste, I., Gallego, D., David, G., Bonifacio, L., Jactel, H., et al. 2015. Optimization of traps for live trapping of pine wood nematode vector Monochamus galloprovincialis . Journal of Applied Entomology, 139: 618–626.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Álvarez, G., Gallego, D., Hall, D.R., Jactel, H., and Pajares, J.A. 2016. Combining pheromone and kairomones for effective trapping of the pine sawyer beetle Monochamus galloprovincialis . Journal of Applied Entomology, 140: 58–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bakke, A., Froyen, P., and Skattebol, L. 1977. Field response to a new pheromonal compound isolated from Ips typographus . Naturwissenschaften, 64: 98–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bauer, J. and Vité, J.P. 1975. Host selection by Trypodendron lineatum . Naturwissenschaften, 62: 539.Google Scholar
Birgersson, G., Dalusky, M.J., Espelie, K.E., and Berisford, C.W. 2012. Pheromone production, attraction, and interspecific inhibition among four species of Ips bark beetles in the southeastern USA. Psyche, 2012: 1–14. doi:10.1155/2012/532652.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Borden, J.H. 1982. Aggregation pheromones. In Bark beetles in North American conifers. Edited by J.B. Mitton and K.B. Sturgeon. University of Texas Press, Austin, Texas, United States of America. Pp. 74–139.Google Scholar
Bousquet, Y., Bouchard, P., Davies, A.E., and Sikes, D.S. 2013. Checklist of beetles (Coleoptera) of Canada and Alaska, 2nd edition. Pensoft, Sofia, Bulgaria.Google Scholar
Bowers, W.W., Hudayk, J., and Raske, A.G. 1992. Host and vector surveys for the pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner and Buhrer) Nickle (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) in Canada. Forestry Canada, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.Google Scholar
Chénier, J.V.R. and Philogène, B.J.R. 1989. Field responses of certain forest Coleoptera to conifer monoterpenes and ethanol. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 15: 1729–1745.Google Scholar
de Groot, P. and Nott, R.W. 2003. Response of Monochamus (Col., Cerambycidae) and some Buprestidae to flight intercept traps. Journal of Applied Entomology, 127: 548–552.Google Scholar
de Groot, P. and Nott, R.W. 2004. Response of the whitespotted sawyer beetle, Monochamus scutellatus, and associated woodborers to pheromones of some Ips and Dendroctonus bark beetles. Journal of Applied Entomology, 128: 483–487.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drooz, A.T. 1985. Insects of eastern forests. United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Miscellaneous Publication, 1426: 1–608.Google Scholar
Dwinell, L.D. 1997. The pinewood nematode: regulation and mitigation. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 35: 153–166.Google Scholar
Fierke, M.K., Skabeikis, D.D., Millar, J.G., Teale, S.A., McElfresh, J.S., and Hanks, L.M. 2012. Identification of a male-produced aggregation pheromone for Monochamus scutellatus scutellatus and an attractant for the congener Monochamus notatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 105: 2029–2034.Google Scholar
Goldan, P.D., Kuster, W.C., Fehsenfeld, F.C., and Montzka, S.A. 1993. The observation of a C5 alcohol emission in a North American pine forest. Geophysical Research Letters, 20: 1039–1042.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Graham, E.E., Mitchell, R.F., Reagel, P.F., Barbour, J.D., Millar, J.G., and Hanks, L.M. 2010. Treating panel traps with a fluoropolymer enhances their efficiency in capturing cerambycid beetles. Journal of Economic Entomology, 103: 641–647.Google Scholar
Graham, E.E. and Poland, T.M. 2012. Efficacy of Fluon conditioning for capturing cerambycid beetles in different trap designs and persistence on panel traps over time. Journal of Economic Entomology, 105: 395–401.Google Scholar
Graham, K. 1968. Anaerobic induction of primary chemical attractancy for ambrosia beetles. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 46: 905–908.Google Scholar
Hanks, L.M., Millar, J.G., Mongold-Diers, J.A., Wong, J.C.H., Meier, I.R., and Reagel, P.F. 2012. Using blends of cerambycid beetle pheromones and host plant volatiles to simultaneously attract a diversity of cerambycid species. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 42: 1050–1059.Google Scholar
Harley, P., Fridd-Stroud, V., Greenburg, J., Guenther, A., and Vasconcellos, P. 1998. Emission of 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol by pines: a potentially large natural source of reactive carbon to the atmosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 103: 25479–25286.Google Scholar
Husband, M. 2014. Statistical overview of the Canadian ornamental industry. Market Analysis and Information Section, Horticulture and Cross-Sectoral Division, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.Google Scholar
Ibeas, F., Gallego, D., Diez, I.J., and Pajares, J.A. 2007. An operational kairomone lure for managing pine sawyer beetle Monochamus galloprovincialis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 131: 13–20.Google Scholar
Jurc, M., Bojovic, S., Fernández, M.F., and Jurc, D. 2012. The attraction of cerambycids and other xylophagous beetles, potential vectors of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, to semio-chemicals in Slovenia. Phytoparasitica, 40: 337–349.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindgren, B.S. 1983. A multiple funnel trap for scolytid beetles (Coleoptera). The Canadian Entomologist, 115: 299–302.Google Scholar
Linit, M.J. 1988. Nematode-vector relationships in the pine wilt disease system. Journal of Nematology, 20: 227–235.Google Scholar
Macias-Samano, J.E., Wakarchuk, D., Millar, J.G., and Hanks, L.M. 2012. 2-undecyloxy-1-ethanol in combination with other semiochemicals attracts three Monochamus species (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in British Columbia, Canada. The Canadian Entomologist, 144: 821–825.Google Scholar
Mamiya, Y. and Enda, N. 1972. Transmission of Bursaphelenchus lignicolus (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) by Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Nematologica, 18: 159–162.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McIntosh, R.L., Katinic, P.J., Allison, J.D., Borden, J.H., and Downey, D.L. 2001. Comparative efficacy of five types of trap for woodborers in the Cerambycidae, Buprestidae and Siricidae. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 3: 113–120.Google Scholar
Miller, D.R., Allison, J.D., Crowe, C.M., Dickinson, D.M., Eglitis, A., Hofstetter, R.W., et al. 2016. Pine sawyers (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) attracted to α-pinene, monochamol and ipsenol in North America. Journal of Economic Entomology, 109: 1205–1214.Google Scholar
Miller, D.R., Asaro, C., Crowe, C., and Duerr, D. 2011. Bark beetle pheromones and pine volatiles: attractant kairomone lure blend for longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae) in pine stands of the southeastern United States. Journal of Economic Entomology, 104: 1245–1257.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miller, D.R. and Crowe, C.M. 2011. Relative performance of Lindgren multiple-funnel, intercept panel and colossus pipe traps in catching Cerambycidae and associated species in the southeastern United States. Journal of Economic Entomology, 104: 1934–1941.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pajares, J.A., Alvarez, G., Hall, D.R., Douglas, P., Centeno, F., Ibarra, N., et al. 2013. 2-(undecyloxy)-ethanol is a major component of the male-produced aggregation pheromone of Monochamus sutor . Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 149: 118–127.Google Scholar
Pajares, J.A., Ávarez, G., Ibeas, F., Gallego, D., Hall, D.R., and Fahman, D.I. 2010. Identification and field activity of a male-produced aggregation pheromone in the pine sawyer beetle, Monochamus galloprovincialis . Journal of Chemical Ecology, 36: 570–583.Google Scholar
Pajares, J.A., Ibeas, F., Diez, I.J., and Gallego, D. 2004. Attractive response by Monochamus galloprovincialis (Col., Cerambycidae) to host and bark beetle semiochemicals. Journal of Applied Entomology, 128: 633–638.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
R Core Team. 2015. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. Available from http://www.R-project.org [accessed 11 September 2016].Google Scholar
Rose, A.H. 1957. Some notes on the biology of Monochamus scutellatus (Say) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). The Canadian Entomologist, 89: 547–553.Google Scholar
Ryall, K., Silk, P., Webster, R.P., Gutowski, J.M., Meng, Q., Li, Y., et al. 2015. Further evidence that monochamol is attractive to Monochamus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) species, with attraction synergised by host volatiles and bark beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) pheromones. The Canadian Entomologist, 147: 564–579.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SAS Institute. 2008. SAS/STAT software, version 9.2. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina, United States of America.Google Scholar
Sweeney, J., de Groot, P., MacDonald, L., Smith, S., Cocquempot, C., and Kenis, M. 2004. Host volatile attractants and traps for detection of Tetropium fuscum (F.), Tetropium castaneum L., and other longhorned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Environmental Entomology, 33: 844–854.Google Scholar
Sweeney, J., Gutowski, J.M., Price, J., and de Groot, P. 2006. Effect of semiochemical release rate, killing agent and trap design on detection of Tetropium fuscum (F.) and other longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Environmental Entomology, 35: 645–654.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teale, S.A., Wickham, J.D., Zhang, F., Chen, Y., Hanks, L.M., and Millar, J.G. 2011. A male-produced aggregation pheromone of Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), a major vector of pine wood nematode. Journal of Economic Entomology, 104: 1592–1598.Google Scholar
Webster, R.P., McCorquodale, D.B., and Majka, C.G. 2009. New records of Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) for New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island. ZooKeys, 22: 285–308.Google Scholar
Werner, R.A. and Holsten, E.H. 1995. Current status of research with the spruce beetle Dendroctonus rufipennis . United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service General Technical Report INT-GTR, 318: 23–29.Google Scholar
Wingfield, M.J. and Blanchette, R.A. 1983. The pine-wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, in Minnesota and Wisconsin: insect associates and transmission studies. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 13: 1068–1076.Google Scholar
Zar, J.H. 1999. Biostatistical analysis, 4th edition. Prentice Hall, Engelwood Cliffs, New Jersey, United States of America.Google Scholar
Zhang, Q.H., Ma, J.H., Zhao, F.Y., Song, L.W., and Sun, J.H. 2009a. Aggregation pheromone of the qinghai spruce bark beetle, Ips nitidus Eggers. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 35: 610–617.Google Scholar
Zhang, Q.H., Schlyter, F., and Birgersson, G. 2012. 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol: a pheromone component of conifer bark beetles found in the bark of nonhost deciduous trees. Psyche, 414508: 1–7. doi:10.1155/2012/414508.Google Scholar
Zhang, Q.H., Song, L.W., Ma, J.H., Han, F.Z., and Sun, J.H. 2009b. Aggregation pheromone of a newly described spruce bark beetle, Ips shangrila Cognato and Sun, from China. Chemoecology, 19: 203–210.Google Scholar