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GENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AMONG CHORISTONEURA SPECIES (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) IN NORTH AMERICA AS REVEALED BY ISOZYME STUDIES

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

G.T. Harvey
G.T. Harvey
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service - Sault Ste. Marie, PO Box 490, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 5M7
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Abstract

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Allozymes at several polymorphic loci were assayed in larval collections of 12 recognized species and two possible new species of Choristoneura and two species of Archips. Most of the 48 collections came from high density populations, and those of C. fumiferana, C. occidentalis, and C. pinus represented much of the geographic range of these species. Mean percentage heterozygosity ranged from 2.0 to 18.6%, based on nine polymorphic loci. Three loci are sex-linked in C. fumiferana, two in C. pinus and C. occidentalis and probably in some other members of the group. Allozymes of aspartate transaminase (AAT-1) were most varied among the species and permit identification of individual C. fumiferana in better than 95% of cases. Among the group of coniferophagous Choristoneura species genetic distances were small (max. Nei = 0.232); C. fumiferana was the most distinct species. Wagner trees based on modified Rogers’ distances supported the above conclusions but indicated that separations among C. biennis, C. orae, C. occidentalis, C. carnana, C. subretiniana, and the two new species of Choristoneura were very small and probably below the species level, based on the allozymes measured.

Résumé

Les allozymes de plusieurs locus polymorphes ont été analysés au sein d’échantillons de larves appartenant à 12 espèces connues et deux espèces peut-être nouvelles de Choristoneura et à deux espèces d’Archips. La majorité des 48 récoltes proviennent de populations très denses et les récoltes de C. fumiferana, C. occidentalis et C. pinus représentent une grande partie de la répartition géographique de ces espèces. Le pourcentage moyen d’hétérozygotie à neuf locus polymorphes a été évalué à 2,0–18,6%. Trois locus sont liés au sexe chez C. fumiferana, deux chez C. pinus et C. occidentalis et probablement aussi chez d’autres membres du groupe. Ce sont les allozymes de l’aspartate transaminase (AAT-1) qui varient le plus d’une espèce à l’autre et ils permettent de reconnaître les individus de C. fumiferana dans plus de 95% des cas. Chez les groupes d’espèces de Choristoneura des conifères, les distances génétiques sont faibles (max. Nei = 0,232); C. fumiferana est l’espèce la plus distinctive. Les arbres de Wagner basés sur les distances modifiés de Rogers confirment ces assertions mais indiquent que la séparation entre C. biennis, C. orae, C. occidentalis, C. carnana, C. subretiniana et les deux nouvelles espèces de Choristoneura est ténue et probablement sous le niveau spécifique d’après les allozymes mesurés.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 128 , Issue 2 , April 1996 , pp. 245 - 262
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1996

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