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Effects of plant nutrition on the expression of abdominal discoloration in Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

S. Bjørnson  and
D.A. Raworth
S. Bjørnson*
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Saint Mary's University, 923 Robie Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3C3
D.A. Raworth
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, PO Box 1000, 6947 #7 Highway, Agassiz, British Columbia, Canada V0M 1A0
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]).
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Abstract

The effect of plant nutrition on the expression of abdominal discoloration in Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot was investigated. Phytoseiulus persimilis were fed spider mites, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), that were reared on bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Fabaceae), plants treated with distilled water or one of three concentrations of 20–20–20 fertilizer (0.6, 2.4, and 3.8 g/L). Symptoms observed in P. persimilis included white stripes along the sides of the body in the region of the Malpighian tubules, white coloration of the rectum, or a combination of these symptoms. The proportion of observations of white symptoms in P. persimilis increased in an asymptotic curvilinear fashion as fertilizer concentration increased. There was no significant difference in life-history characteristics of P. persimilis from the four treatments, including total fecundity, mean daily oviposition, oviposition period, post-oviposition period, or adult survival. Peak oviposition for mites from all treatments (4.9 eggs per female per day) occurred 2–3 days following mating. Thereafter, mean fecundity was greater than 4 eggs per female per day until day 11, and greater than 3 eggs per female per day until day 15, followed by a sharp decline. Following death, individual mites were examined for microsporidia, but none were detected. Results suggest that the expression of white abdominal discoloration in P. persimilis is related, at least in part, to plant nutrition; symptoms are an expression of normal excretory function in P. persimilis; and white abdominal discoloration does not necessarily affect predator performance.

Résumé

L'effet de la nutrition des plantes sur l'expression de la décoloration abdominale a été étudié chez Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot (Acari : Phytoseiidae). Des P. persimilis on été nourris d'acariens Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari : Tetranychidae) élevés sur des plants de haricots, Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Fabaceae), traités à l'eau distillée ou à l'une des concentrations suivantes d'engrais 20–20–20 (0,6, 2,4 ou 3,8 g/L). Parmi les symptômes observés chez P. persimilis,il faut mentionner la présence de rayures blanches de chaque côté du corps dans la région des tubules de Malpighi, la coloration blanche du rectum, ou la combinaison de ces symptômes. La proportion d'acariens marqués de blanc augmente selon une courbe asymptotique en fonction de la concentration. Les caractéristiques démographiques, fécondité totale, ponte quotidienne moyenne, période de la ponte, période après la ponte et survie des adultes restent les mêmes aux quatre traitements. L'activité de ponte est maximale (4,9 oeufs par femelle par jour) 2 ou 3 jours après l'accouplement dans tous les traitements. Par la suite, la fécondité moyenne est supérieure à 4 oeufs par femelle par jour jusqu'au jour 11 et supérieure à 3 oeufs par jour jusqu'au jour 15, après quoi il se produit une chute importante. Des acariens ont été examinés après leur mort pour détecter la présence de microsporidies, mais aucune n'a été observée. Les résultats semblent indiquer que l'expression de la décoloration abdominal chez P. persimilis est reliée, au moins en partie, à la nutrition des plantes; les symptômes sont le résultat de la fonction excrétrice normale de P. persimilis; et la décoloration abdominale n'affecte pas nécessairement la performance du prédateur.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 135 , Issue 1 , February 2003 , pp. 129 - 138
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2003

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