Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T07:12:37.414Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

EFFECTS OF PESTICIDE USE ON SPIDERS (ARANEAE) IN QUEBEC APPLE ORCHARDS1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Noubar J. Bostanian ,
Charles D. Dondale ,
Michael R. Binns  and
Donat Pitre
Noubar J. Bostanian
Affiliation:
Research Station, Agriculture Canada, Saint-Jean, Quebec J3B 6Z8
Charles D. Dondale
Affiliation:
Biosystematics Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa K1A 0C6
Michael R. Binns
Affiliation:
Engineering & Statistical Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa K1A 0C6
Donat Pitre
Affiliation:
Research Station, Agriculture Canada, Saint-Jean, Quebec J3B 6Z8
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

In Quebec commercial apple orchards, spider populations are shown to have been depressed numerically by current pest management practices. Hunting species appeared to be more sensitive to insecticides than web-building species. There were large differences in spider distribution among orchards and years, although some consistent patterns were observed. Specimens from the following families were captured: Theridiidae, Linyphiidae, Lycosidae, Araneidae, Erigonidae, Clubionidae, Tetragnathidae, Dictynidae, Salticidae, Philodromidae, and Thomisidae. In orchards treated only for scab control or with only a single insecticide application for apple maggot control, spiders attained their maximal numbers in August. With two treatments for apple maggot control, spiders attained their maximal numbers towards the end of September.

Résumé

Les populations d'araignées dans des vergers commerciaux du Québec ont été réduites par les traitements de répression des ravageurs d'usage courant. Les espèces errantes ont démontré une plus haute sensibilité aux traitements insecticides, comparativement aux araignées à toile. Leurs densités dans les vergers et dans le temps différaient considérablement, néanmoins certains modèles de distributions ont été observés. Nous avons répertorié des espèces appartenant aux familles suivantes : Theridiidae, Linyphiidae, Lycosidae, Araneidae, Erigonidae, Clubionidae, Tetragnathidae, Dictynidae, Salticidae, Philodromidae et Thomisidae. Dans les vergers pulvérisés uniquement contre la tavelure ou ayant reçu un seul traitement contre la mouche de la pomme, la population d'araignées a été la plus dense en août. Avec deux traitements contre la mouche de la pomme, les araignées atteignirent leurs nombres maxima vers la fin de septembre.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 116 , Issue 5 , May 1984 , pp. 663 - 675
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1984

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bishop, Y. M. M., Fienberg, S. E., and Holland, P. W.. 1975. Discrete Multivariate Analysis: Theory and Practice. MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.Google Scholar
Bostanian, N. J. and Heme, D. H.. 1980. A rapid method of collecting arthropods from deciduous fruit trees. J. econ. Ent. 73: 832–833.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chant, D. A. 1956. Predacious spiders in orchards in south-eastern England. J. hort. Sci. 31: 35–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dondale, C. D. 1956. Annotated list of spiders (Araneae) from apple trees in Nova Scotia. Can. Ent. 88: 687–700.Google Scholar
Dondale, C. D. 1958. Note on population densities of spiders (Araneae) in Nova Scotia apple orchards. Can. Ent. 90: 111–113.Google Scholar
Dondale, C. D. 1966. The spider fauna (Araneida) of deciduous orchards in the Australian Capital Territory. Aust. J. Zool. 14: 1157–1192.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dondale, C. D., Parent, B., and Pitre, D.. 1979. A 6-year study of spiders (Araneae) in a Quebec apple orchard. Can. Ent. 111: 377–380.Google Scholar
Hukusima, S. 1961. Studies on the insect association in crop field. XXI. Notes on spiders in apple orchards. Jap. J. appl. Ent. Zool. 5: 270–272.Google Scholar
Hukusima, S. and Kondô, K.. 1962. Further evaluation in the feeding potential of the predaceous insects and spiders in association with aphids harmful to apple and pear growing, and the effect of pesticides on predators. Jap. J. appl. Ent. Zool. 6: 274–280.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lefkovitch, L. P. 1976. A loss function minimization strategy for grouping from dendrograms. Syst. Zool. 25: 41–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Legner, E. F. and Oatman, E. R.. 1964. Spiders on apple in Wisconsin and their abundance in a natural and two artificial environments. Can. Ent. 96: 1202–1207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LeRoux, E. J. 1960. Effects of “modified” and “commercial” spray programs on the fauna of apple orchards in Quebec. Ann. ent. Soc. Queb. 6: 87–121.Google Scholar
MacLellan, C. R. 1973. Natural enemies of the light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana, in the Australian Capital Territory. Can. Ent. 105: 681–700.Google Scholar
Mansour, F., Rosen, D., and Shulov, A.. 1980. A survey of spider populations (Araneae) in sprayed and unsprayed apple orchards in Israel and their ability to feed on larvae of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.). Acta Oecologica/Oecologia applicata. 1: 189–197.Google Scholar
McCaffrey, J. P. and Horsburgh, R. L.. 1980. The spider fauna of apple trees in central Virginia. Environ. Ent. 9: 247–252.Google Scholar
Muma, M. H. 1975. Spiders in Florida citrus groves. Fla Ent. 58: 83–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pickett, A. D., Patterson, N. A., Stultz, H. T., and Lord, F. T.. 1946. The influence of spray programs on the fauna of apple orchards in Nova Scotia: I. An appraisal of the problem and a method of approach. Scient. Agric. 26: 590–600.Google Scholar
Putnam, W. L. 1967. Prevalence of spiders and their importance as predators in Ontario peach orchards. Can. Ent. 99: 160–170.Google Scholar
Sokal, R. R. and Sneath, P. H. A.. 1963. Principles of Numerical Taxonomy. W.H. Freeman, San Francisco and London. 359 pp.Google Scholar
Specht, H. B. and Dondale, C. D.. 1960. Spider populations in New Jersey apple orchards. J. econ. Ent. 53: 810–814.Google Scholar