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EFFECTS OF LOW APPLICATION RATES OF THE PYRETHROID PP321 ON THE APPLE ORCHARD MITE COMPLEX (ACARI) IN ONTARIO

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

S.Y. Li  and
R. Harmsen
S.Y. Li
Affiliation:
Biology Department, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, CanadaK7L 3N6
R. Harmsen
Affiliation:
Biology Department, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, CanadaK7L 3N6
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Abstract

The impacts of the pyrethroid PP321 on the mite fauna in an apple orchard were studied at the Smithfield Experimental Farm of Agriculture Canada, Ontario, from 1988 to 1989. Two predacious mites, the phytoseiid Amblyseius fallacis (Garman) and the stigmaeid Zetzellia mali (Ewing), were affected by pyrethroid applications. The highest numbers of predators were found in untreated trees, and the lowest numbers were found in the trees treated with the higher rate of the pyrethroid (P < 0.05). Zetzellia mali has roughly the same susceptibility to PP321 as does A. fallacis. Two species of tetranychid phytophagous mites, the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), and the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, were positively associated with pyrethroid applications. Significantly higher numbers of these mites were found in the pyrethroid-treated trees than in untreated ones (P < 0.05). Another phytophagous mite, the apple rust mite, Aculus schlechtendali (Nalepa) (Eriophyidae), was strongly suppressed by PP321 applications. Lower rate applications of the pyrethroid allowed more predators to survive, and resulted in lower abundances of tetranychid mites than did the higher rate. Therefore, reduced rates of pyrethroids may prove to be compatible with integrated control of spider mites in apple orchards.

Résumé

L’impact d’applications du pyréthroïde PP321 sur la faune des acariens des vergers de pommiers a fait l’objet d’une étude à la Ferme expérimentale Smithfieid du Ministère de l’agriculture du Canada, en Ontario, en 1988 el 1989. Deux acariens prédateurs, le phytoseiidé Amblyseius fallacis (Garman) el le stigmaeidé Zetzellia mali (Ewing), étaient affectés par l’application du produit. Les plus grands nombres de prédateurs ont été rencontrés dans les arbres non traités et les nombres les moins importants ont été relevés dans les arbres traités aux concentrations les plus fortes du pyréthroïde (P < 0,05). Zetzellia mali a à peu près la même susceptibilité au produit qu’A. fallacis. Deux espèces d’acariens tetranychidés phytophages, le Tétranyque rouge du pommier, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), et le Tétranyque à deux points. Tetranychus urticae Koch, se sont avérées en corrélation positive avec les applications du produit. Des nombres significative ment plus élevés de ces acariens ont été trouvés dans les arbres traités que dans les arbres non traités (P < 0,05). Un autre acarien phytophage, l’Ériophyide du pommier, Aculus schlechtendali (Nalepa) (Eriophyidae), s’est trouvé très affecté par les applications de PP321. Des dosages plus faibles du pyréthroïde permettent à plus de prédateurs de survivre et réduisent plus efficacement l’abondance des acariens tétranychidés que les dosages plus élevés. Il semble donc que des applications plus légères de pyréthroïdes soient compatibles avec les programmes intégrés de contrôle des acariens dans les vergers de pommiers.

[Traduit par la rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 124 , Issue 2 , April 1992 , pp. 381 - 390
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1992

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