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EFFECTS OF ADULT NUTRITION ON LONGEVITY, FECUNDITY, AND OFFSPRING SEX RATIO OF TRICHOGRAMMA MINUTUM RILEY (HYMENOPTERA: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

J.A. Leatemia ,
J.E. Laing  and
J.E. Corrigan
J.A. Leatemia
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
J.E. Laing
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
J.E. Corrigan
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
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Abstract

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The role of adult nutrition in longevity, progeny production, and offspring sex ratio of Trichogramma minutum Riley was examined. On average, honey-fed females lived 26.4 days and produced 260 offspring; unfed females lived 3.5 days and produced 80 offspring. Feeding on fructose or sucrose also significantly increased longevity and fecundity over unfed females (fructose, 23 days and 230 offspring; sucrose, 21 days and 230 offspring) but to a lesser degree than feeding on pure honey. Females fed yeast suspension or water had no significant increases in longevity or fecundity compared to unfed females. Offspring sex ratios of long-lived females were male-biased (50–62% males), those of short-lived females were female-biased (74–82% females). Lifetime reproduction of honey-fed females was highest at 20–25 °C and relative humidities of 20–80%, but short-term offspring production (during the first 2 days after emergence) was highest at 30 °C and 60–80% RH. Females that had access to honey for only a 24-h period did not increase their offspring production over the first 4 days of their lives when compared to unfed females. The potential benefits of feeding adult T. minutum for mass-rearing and field release are discussed.

Résumé

Nous avons étudié l’influence de l’alimentation des adultes sur la longévité, la fécondité et le rapport mâles : femelles de la progéniture chez Trichogramma minutum Riley. En moyenne, les femelles nourries de miel ont vécu 26,4 jours et produit 260 rejetons; les femelles non nourries ont vécu 3,5 jours et produit 80 rejetons. Les femelles nourries de fructose ou de sucrose avaient également une longévité accrue et une plus grande fécondité que les femelles non nourries (fructose, 23 jours et 230 rejetons; sucrose 21 jours et 230 rejetons), mais l’effet de l’alimentation était moindre que chez les femelles nourries de miel pur. L’alimentation des femelles au moyen de suspensions de levures ou d’eau n’a augmenté ni la longévité, ni la fécondité. Le rapport mâles : femelles de la progéniture des femelles à longévité élevée était supérieur à 1 (50–62% de mâles), celui de la progéniture des femelles à longévité courte, inférieur à 1 (74–82% de femelles). La fécondité totale des femelles nourries de miel était maximale à 20–25 °C, à une humidité relative de 20–80%, mais la fécondité maximale à court terme (au cours des 2 premiers jours après l’émergence) a été observée à 30 °C, à une humidité relative de 60–80%. Les femelles qui n’ont eu accès à du miel que pour une période de 24 h n’ont pas connu d’amélioration de leur fécondité pendant les 4 premiers jours de leur vie. Les avantages reliés à l’alimentation des adultes de T. minutum au cours des programmes d’élevage en masse et de libération en nature font l’objet d’une discussion.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 127 , Issue 2 , April 1995 , pp. 245 - 254
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1995

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