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DISPERSAL OF TOMICUS PINIPERDA (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) FROM OPERATIONAL AND SIMULATED MILL YARDS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

T.M. Poland ,
R.A. Haack ,
T.R. Petrice ,
C.S. Sadof  and
D.W. Onstad
T.M. Poland*
Affiliation:
North Central Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 1407 South Harrison Road, Room 220, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States 48823
R.A. Haack
Affiliation:
North Central Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 1407 South Harrison Road, Room 220, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States 48823
T.R. Petrice
Affiliation:
North Central Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 1407 South Harrison Road, Room 220, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States 48823
C.S. Sadof
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, 1158 Smith Hall, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States 47907
D.W. Onstad
Affiliation:
Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois, 1201 South Dorner Drive, Urbana, Illinois, United States 61801
*
1 Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed (E-mail: [email protected]).
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Abstract

The pine shoot beetle, Tomicus piniperda (L.), is an exotic pest that is regulated by federal quarantines in the United States and Canada. Mark–release–recapture experiments were performed with infested logs coated with fluorescent powder to determine if overwintering beetles in logs would leave a mill yard if infested logs were transported to sawmills in uninfested areas. Overwintering T. piniperda adults were marked with powder as they emerged in spring. Dispersal studies were conducted in four simulated mill yards and five operational sawmills to determine whether T. piniperda would colonize only the log pile in which they overwintered, fly to nearby log piles, or disperse beyond the mill yard. Each simulated mill yard was composed of 36 uninfested red pine logs, Pinus resinosa Ait. (Pinaceae), and 12 α-pinene-baited funnel traps set up to 100 m from a central release pile of six uninfested red pine and nine infested logs of Scotch pine, Pinus sylvestris L. At the five operational sawmills, baited funnel traps were set up to 400 m outside of each mill yard. Overall, 482 T. piniperda galleries were found on the experimental logs recovered from the four simulated mill yards combined. Tomicus piniperda adults dispersed and attacked the most distant logs at 100 m from the release point in the simulated mill yards. Likewise, adults were captured in baited funnel traps at distances up to 230 m in simulated mill yards and 250 m around operational sawmills. Although numbers of recaptured T. piniperda were generally low, in all cases some adults dispersed outside the mill yards despite the presence of abundant suitable breeding material. Therefore, logs containing overwintering adults pose a risk of spreading T. piniperda if not processed prior to initiation of spring flight.

Résumé

Le scolyte Tomicus piniperda (L.) est un parasite exotique dont les dommages sont limités grâce à des programmes fédéraux de quarantaine aux États-Unis et au Canada. Des expériences de marquage–recapture au moyen de troncs infestés recouverts d’une poudre fluorescente ont été mises au point pour déterminer si les scolytes qui passent normalement l’hiver dans les troncs quitteraient la cour à bois si les troncs infestés étaient transportés à des moulins à scie dans des zones non infestées. Des T. piniperda ont été marqués de poudre fluorescente au moment de leur émergence au printemps. Des études de dispersion ont été entreprises dans quatre cours à bois simulées et dans cinq moulins à scie actifs pour déterminer si les scolytes coloniseraient seulement la pile de troncs où ils ont passé l’hiver, envahiraient des piles avoisinantes ou quitteraient la cour à bois. Chaque cour à bois simulée comptait 36 troncs sains de pin rouge, Pinus resinosa Ait. (Pinaceae), et 12 pièges à entonnoir garnis d’α-pinène disposés à 100 m d’une pile centrale de 6 troncs sains de pins rouges et de 9 troncs infestés de pins sylvestres, Pinus sylvestris L. Près des cinq moulins à scie actifs, les pièges à entonnoirs garnis ont été installés jusqu’à 400 m au-delà des limites des cours à bois. Au total, 482 galeries de T. piniperda ont été dénombrés dans les troncs expérimentaux récupérés dans les quatre cours à bois simulées combinées. Les scolytes adultes ont quitté leurs troncs d’origine et ont attaqué d’autres troncs situés à 100 m de leur point de libération dans les cours à bois simulées. De même, des adultes ont été capturés dans les pièges à entonnoirs garnis jusqu’à 230 m de distance dans les cours à bois et jusqu’à 250 m des moulins à scie actifs. Bien que le nombre de scolytes recapturés ait été plutôt faible, dans tous les cas, des adultes se sont dispersés au-delà des cours à bois, en dépit de l’abondance de sites de reproduction adéquats à l’intérieur de ces cours. Il faut conclure que les troncs contenant des adultes pendant l’hiver constituent un risque d’infestation de scolytes s’ils ne sont pas traités avant le début de l’envol de printemps.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 132 , Issue 6 , December 2000 , pp. 853 - 866
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2000

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