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Diel activity patterns of Paradiplosis tumifex (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and its inquiline, Dasineura balsamicola (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), within young balsam fir

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2014

R. D. Carleton ,
R. C. Johns ,
B. V. Edwards ,
E. S. Eveleigh  and
P. J. Silk
R. D. Carleton*
Affiliation:
Forest Protection Limited, Fredericton International Airport, 2502 Route 102 Highway Lincoln, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 7E6 Population Ecology Workgroup, Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 5A3
R. C. Johns
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service – Atlantic Forestry Centre, P.O. Box 4000, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 5P7
B. V. Edwards
Affiliation:
Forest Protection Limited, Fredericton International Airport, 2502 Route 102 Highway Lincoln, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 7E6
E. S. Eveleigh
Affiliation:
Population Ecology Workgroup, Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 5A3 Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service – Atlantic Forestry Centre, P.O. Box 4000, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 5P7
P. J. Silk
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service – Atlantic Forestry Centre, P.O. Box 4000, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 5P7
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]).
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Abstract

Field studies were carried out to assess diel activity patterns of the balsam gall midge, Paradiplosis tumifex Gagné (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in 2012, and its inquiline, Dasineura balsamicola (Lintner) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in 2013, in a young balsam fir (Abies balsamea (Linnaeus) Miller) stand in New Brunswick, Canada. Both gallmaker and inquiline are most active during the afternoon/evening hours (17:00–22:00 hours). Male gallmaker activity was largely confined to the space below the crown and typically involved short periods of flight of <30 seconds. Calling and mating by the gallmaker occurred at ground level and were followed by dispersal of females to the vegetative crown. Female gallmakers were typically observed in the tree crown beginning in early afternoon, with peak oviposition occurring between 20:00 and 21:00 hours. Female inquilines displayed similar activity patterns, although no calling or mating were observed. Moreover, inquiline flight and foraging for oviposition sites were more active than the gallmaker, with shorter rest periods and more buds visited than the gallmaker. Our results indicate that population monitoring should focus on female gallmakers as they fly during the evening. Also, before any treatment application, care should be taken to accurately identify the insects to ensure that the inquiline is not inadvertently killed.

Type
Behaviour & Ecology
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 147 , Issue 2 , April 2015 , pp. 181 - 192
Copyright
© Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada 2014 

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Footnotes

Subject editor: Véronique Martel

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