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Compatibility of Atheta coriaria with other biological control agents and reduced-risk insecticides used in greenhouse floriculture integrated pest management programs for fungus gnats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

S. Jandricic ,
C.D. Scott-Dupree ,
A.B. Broadbent ,
C.R. Harris  and
G. Murphy
S. Jandricic
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
C.D. Scott-Dupree*
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
A.B. Broadbent
Affiliation:
Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario, Canada N5V 4T3
C.R. Harris
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
G. Murphy
Affiliation:
Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Vineland, Ontario, Canada L0R 2E0
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]).
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Abstract

Fungus gnats (FG) (Diptera: Sciaridae: Bradysia spp.) are economically important pests of greenhouse flowers. Larvae feed on root tissue and transmit a variety of phytopathogens. Atheta coriaria (Kraatz) (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) is a new biological control agent (BCA) for FG. To support its successful use by the greenhouse industry, its compatibility with current integrated pest management (IPM) programs used in floriculture was assessed. This included investigations of prey preference, possible detrimental interactions with other soil-dwelling BCAs, and the toxicity to A. coriaria of registered and novel insecticides. Atheta coriaria showed little preference among eggs of different pest species or between pest eggs and eggs of the intraguild predator Hypoaspis aculeifer (Canestrini) (Acari: Mesostigmata: Laelapidae). It preferred FG 1st-instar larvae to larvae and pupae of other soil-dwelling pests. The entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae (Filipjev) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) was compatible with A. coriaria, but H. aculeifer mites fed on A. coriaria larvae. Insect growth regulators with limited contact activity (e.g., diflubenzuron) were compatible with adult A. coriaria and had minimal effects on larvae compared with other insecticides. Atheta coriaria can be incorporated into an IPM program for FG if harsh insecticides are avoided, but interactions with predatory mites, as well as its effectiveness against other greenhouse pests when FG are present, require further investigation.

Résumé

Les sciarides (FG) (Diptera: Sciaridae: Bradysia spp.) sont des ravageurs d'importance économique des fleurs de serre. Les larves se nourrissent de tissus radiculaires et transmettent une variété de pathogènes. Atheta coriaria (Kraatz) (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) est un nouvel agent de lutte biologique (BCA) contre les FC. Afin de favoriser l'utilisation efficace de cet agent par l'industrie de la culture en serres, nous évaluons sa compatibilité avec les programmes courants de lutte intégrée (IPM) en vigueur en floriculture. Cette évaluation comprend des études de préférence de proies, d'interactions potentiellement nuisibles avec d'autres BCA vivant dans le sol et de toxicité des insecticides enregistrés et nouveaux pour A. coriaria. Atheta coriaria montre peu de préférence pour les oeufs des différentes espèces de ravageurs et ne distingue pas entre les oeufs des ravageurs et ceux du prédateur de même guilde Hypoaspis aculeifer (Canestrini) (Acari: Mesostigmata: Laelapidae). Il préfère les larves de premier stade de FC aux larves et aux nymphes des autres ravageurs habitant le sol. Le nématode entomopathogène Steinernema feltiae (Filipjev) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) est compatible avec A. coriaria, mais les acariens H. aculeifer se nourrissent des larves d'A. coriaria. Les régulateurs de croissance d'insectes avec peu d'activité de contact (par ex., le diflubenzuron) sont compatibles avec les adultes d'A. coriaria et ont un effet minimal sur les larves par comparaison aux autres insecticides. Atheta coriaria peut être intégré à un programme IPM pour les FC, si on évite les insecticides durs; il faut cependant étudier plus à fond ses interactions avec les acariens prédateurs, ainsi que son efficacité vis-à-vis des autres ravageurs des serres lorsqu'il y a des FC.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 138 , Issue 5 , October 2006 , pp. 712 - 722
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2006

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