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ANALYSIS OF A SIMULATION MODEL OF NORTHERN CORN ROOTWORM, DIABROTICA BARBERI SMITH AND LAWRENCE (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE), DYNAMICS IN FIELD CORN, WITH IMPLICATIONS FOR POPULATION MANAGEMENT

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Steven E. Naranjo  and
Alan J. Sawyer
Steven E. Naranjo
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Comstock Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA14853
Alan J. Sawyer
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Plant Protection Research Unit, U.S. Plant, Soil and Nutrition Laboratory, Tower Road, Ithaca, New York, USA14853
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Abstract

Analyses were performed on a simulation model describing the population dynamics of adult Diabrotica barberi Smith and Lawrence in field corn. Overall goals were to gain a better understanding of the dynamics of this insect/plant system and explore possibilities for improved population management. Parametric sensitivity analyses revealed that model behavior was moderately sensitive to changes in the timing of female emergence, rates of immature female dispersal at peak flower, fecundity, and rates of reproductive development. Model behavior was highly sensitive to changes in age-specific oviposition rates, and to factors determining the seasonal timing and duration of the flowering period of corn. Alteration of planting dates, variations in seasonal temperature patterns, and year-to-year variation in beetle dispersal patterns greatly affected the simulated relationship between adult abundance, oviposition, and crop phenology, and the synchronization of beetle populations with flowering corn. Factorial analyses indicated that manipulation of planting dates, variety, and the duration of the flowering period represent equivalent alternatives for reducing site-specific oviposition. Factorial analyses further suggested that the timing of emergence and dispersal, relative to flowering, are the major factors contributing to the presence of beetles during the flowering period, but their relative contributions depend on the seasonal time of flowering. The timing of emergence is more important in early-flowering fields but dispersal becomes more important for fields flowering later in the season. Simulation was used to examine the relationship between adult abundance, oviposition, and crop phenology and to formalize hypothetical improvements in current action thresholds for making recommendations for corn rootworm control based on adult sampling. Overall, analyses have allowed important insights into the behavior of this insect/plant system.

Résumé

Des analyses ont été faites à l’aide d’un modèle de simulation de la dynamique des populations adultes de la chrysomèle des racines du maïs, Diabrotica barberi Smith et Lawrence, en champ de maïs. Les objectifs d’ensemble étaient l’acquisition d’une compréhension plus complète de la dynamique du système plante–insecte et l’examen des possibilités d’amélioration de la régie des populations du ravageur. Des analyses paramétriques de sensibilité ont montré que le modèle était modérément sensible au déplacement du moment d’émergence des femelles, et à l’incidence de dispersion au pic de floraison, à la fécondité et à la vitesse de développement reproducteur des femelles matures. Les résultats de modélisation étaient hautement sensibles aux variations du taux spécifique de l’âge de la ponte, et aux facteurs déterminant l’époque saisonnière et la durée de la floraison. La modification de la date de semis, des fluctuations de température, et de la variation inter-annuelle des patrons de dispersion de la chrysomèle ont affecté grandement la relation simulé entre l’abondance des adultes, la ponte et la phénologie de la culture, et la synchronie entre les populations de chrysomèle et le maïs en fleur. Des analyses factorielles ont indiqué que la manipulation de la date de semis, de la variété et de la durée de la floraison sont des alternatives pouvant réduire la ponte dans un champ. Des analyses factorielles ont aussi indiqué que le moment d’émergence et la dispersion, par rapport à la floraison, sont les facteurs majeurs qui contribuent à la présence de la chrysomèle durant la floraison, mais que leur contribution relative dépend de l’époque saisonnière de floraison. Le moment d’émergence est plus important durant dans les champs fleurissant tôt, mais la dispersion devient plus importante dans les champs qui fleurissent tard en saison. On a utilisé la simulation pour examiner la relation entre l’abondance des adultes, la ponte, et la phénologie de la culture, et aussi afin de formaliser des hypothèses d’amélioration des seuils courants de décision pour fins de recommandation en matière de répression de la chrysomèle sur la base de la surveillance des adultes. Dans l’ensemble, les analyses ont permis d’obtenir une compréhension approfondie du comportement de ce système insecte–plante.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 121 , Issue 2 , February 1989 , pp. 193 - 208
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1989

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