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RATE OF DEVELOPMENT, REPRODUCTION, AND MASS-REARING OF APANTELES FUMIFERANAE VIER. (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) UNDER CONTROLLED CONDITIONS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

V.G. Nealis  and
S. Fraser
V.G. Nealis
Affiliation:
Canadian Forestry Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, PO Box 490, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 5M7
S. Fraser
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
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Abstract

The temperature-dependent rate of development of the post-diapause larval and pupal stages of the spruce budworm parasitoid, Apanteles fumiferanae Vier., was estimated under controlled conditions. Parasitoid larvae required 289.0 degree-days (DD) above a threshold of 8.1 °C to complete development and the pupae required 106.2 DD above a threshold of 9.6 °C to complete development. Longevity of the adult wasp at several temperatures also was examined. Female wasps lived longer than male wasps at all temperatures. Wasps tended to mate more readily under natural than under artificial light conditions.

Newly emerged female A. fumiferanae had few, if any, mature eggs in their ovaries. The number of mature eggs increased to a peak of 40–75 eggs, 4–12 days after eclosion of the adult. The pattern in number of ovipositions was similar to this pattern of egg availability. The daily rate of oviposition, however, was only about one-quarter the number of eggs available.

These biological measurements are discussed in view of the development of a mass-rearing technique for this parasitoid.

Résumé

La vitesse de développement contrôlée par la température des larves après la diapause et des nymphes du parasitoïde de la tordeuse des bourgeons de l’épinette Apanteles fumiferanae Vier. a été estimée en conditions contrôlées. Les larves ont besoin de 289,0 degrés-jours au-dessus d’une température-seuil de 8,1 °C pour terminer leur développement tandis que les nymphes ont eu besoin de 106,2 degrés-jours au-dessus de 9,6 °C. La longévité des adultes à plusieurs températures a également été examinée. À toutes les températures, les femelles vivaient plus longtemps que les mâles. En général, l’éclairage naturel était plus propice aux accouplements que l’éclairage artificiel.

Les ovaires de femelles nouvellement émergées d’A. fumiferanae comptaient peu d’oeufs matures, sinon aucun. Le nombre d’oeufs matures augmentait pour atteindre une pointe de 40 à 75 entre le 4ème et le 12ème jour après l’éclosion. Des caractéristiques semblables ont été observées pour le nombre d’ovipositions. Toutefois, le nombre d’oeufs pondus par jour correspondait à seulement le quart environ du nombre d’oeufs disponibles.

On analyse ces résultats en considérant les possibilités d’élevage de masse de ce parasitoïde.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 120 , Issue 3 , March 1988 , pp. 197 - 204
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1988

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