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The Plasmodium falciparum infection status of two major anopheline vectors in three hyper-, meso-, and hypoendemic districts in Odisha, India

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2022

Nitika Pradhan Open the ORCID record for Nitika Pradhan [Opens in a new window] ,
Rajani Kanta Mahapatra  and
Rupenangshu K. Hazra
Nitika Pradhan
Affiliation:
KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Rajani Kanta Mahapatra
Affiliation:
KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Rupenangshu K. Hazra*
Affiliation:
Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
*
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

In-depth understanding of malaria transmission dynamics in a region can be assessed by identifying the vector populations of infected mosquitoes, Anopheles spp. (Diptera: Culicidae), and by quantifying the infectiousness extent. In this study of malaria transmission dynamics relating to vector incrimination in three districts of Odisha, India – hyperendemic Kalahandi, mesoendemic Bargarh, and hypoendemic Cuttack – we examined how quality and quantity of plasmodial infection rates vary among mosquito species and their organs and among districts. The minimum infection rate of Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite for Anopheles culicifacies was highest in Kalahandi and nil in Cuttack. However, for A. annularis, the rate was highest in Cuttack, followed by Kalahandi and Bargarh. In Kalahandi, the gland-positive rate was higher for A. culicifacies, but in Cuttack, it was higher for A. annularis. To quantify plasmodium infection in salivary glands and guts of anopheline vectors, quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed. We observed higher parasite density in glands than in guts of vector mosquitoes in the three districts. The findings demonstrate that plasmodium-infected vectors preferentially bind sporozoites to salivary glands in the three study areas. The results improve understanding of infection status within malaria vectors and how parasite population density may affect transmissibility, which will, in turn, provide baseline evidence to develop intervention measures.

Type
Research Paper
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 154 , Issue 1 , 2022 , e16
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of Canada

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Footnotes

Subject Editor: Rayda Krell

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