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Latitudinal variation in Dendroctonus ponderosae (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) development time and adult size

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

B.J. Bentz ,
J.A. Logan  and
J.C. Vandygriff
B.J. Bentz*
Affiliation:
United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 860 North 1200 East, Logan, Utah, United States 84321
J.A. Logan
Affiliation:
United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 860 North 1200 East, Logan, Utah, United States 84321
J.C. Vandygriff
Affiliation:
United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 860 North 1200 East, Logan, Utah, United States 84321
*
1 Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed (E-mail: [email protected]).
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Abstract

Dendroctonus ponderosae (Hopkins) is widely distributed across western North America, feeding in at least 12 native species of Pinus L. (Pinaceae). We investigated the existence of heritable differences in two life-history parameters (adult size and development time) of D. ponderosae from a northern population (central Idaho, Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon) and a southern population (southern Utah, Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex P. and C. Lawson). We attempted to separate heritable from environmental effects by rearing individuals from both populations through two generations (F1 and F2) in a common standardized laboratory environment with a constant temperature. Two treatment effects were tested for in the F2 generation: (1) geographic location (source host) for F0D. ponderosae; and (2) the F2 brood host. We hypothesized that, if differences were observed and the F0 source host and region had a greater effect on F2 brood development time and adult size than did the host in which F2 brood were reared, a heritable factor related to the F0 parents was responsible. Time to emergence was significantly shorter for second-generation offspring of the northern population than for second-generation offspring of the southern population, regardless of the F2 brood host. Although both the F2 brood host and F0 source parents were significant in explaining differences observed in the developmental-time distribution of F2 brood, the F0 source effect was found to be much greater. Also, F2 males and females from southern source parents were significantly larger than F2 brood from northern source parents when reared in both F2 brood hosts. Geographic region and original host of F0 source parents had a significant effect on F2 offspring size, whereas the immediate food for F2 brood was not significant in explaining differences. These results suggest genetically based regional differences in D. ponderosae populations.

Résumé

Dendroctonus ponderosae (Hopkins) a une vaste répartition dans l’ouest de l’Amérique du Nord où il se nourrit d’au moins 12 espèces indigènes de Pinus (L.) (Pinaceae). Nous avons cherché les différences héritables de deux variables démographiques (taille des adultes et durée du développement) chez des D. ponderosae d’une population nordique (Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon du centre de l’Idaho) et d’une population australe (Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex P. et C. Lawson du sud du Utah). Nous avons essayé d’ isoler les effets héritables des effets comportementaux en élevant des individus des deux populations pendant deux générations (F1 et F2) dans un environnement standardisé de laboratoire à température constante. Deux effets ont été testés chez la génération F2 : (1) la position géographique (hôte d’origine) des coléoptères de F0 et (2) l’hôte sur lequel la F2 a été élevée. S’il y a des différences et que l’hôte d’origine et la région géographique de la F0 ont un effet plus grand sur la durée du développement et la taille des adultes que les hôtes de la F2, nous posons en hypothèse qu’un facteur héritable relié aux parents de la F0 est responsable. Le temps écoulé entre la ponte et l’émergence chez les rejetons de la F2 de la population nordique était significativement plus court que celui enregistré chez les rejetons de la population australe, indépendamment de l’hôte d’élevage de la F2. Bien que les hôtes de F2 et ceux de la génération parentale F0 contribuent à expliquer de façon significative les différences observées dans le déroulement du développement de la F2, l’effet de l’hôte d’origine de la F0 est beaucoup plus important. De plus, les mâles et femelles de F2 issus des parents de la population australe étaient de taille significativement plus grande que ceux de la population nordique chez les deux hôtes sur lesquels la F2 a été élevée. La région géographique et l’hôte d’origine de la génération F0 ont un effet significatif sur la taille des rejetons de la F2, alors que la nourriture immédiate des individus de F2 ne peut expliquer significativement les différences. Ces résultats reflètent probablement l’existence de différences régionales génétiques entre les populations de D. ponderosae.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 133 , Issue 3 , June 2001 , pp. 375 - 387
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2001

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