Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T19:19:12.519Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

INSECTS OF WESTERN CANADA, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CERTAIN CARABIDAE (COLEOPTERA): PRESENT DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS AND THEIR ORIGINS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

David H. Kavanaugh
David H. Kavanaugh
Affiliation:
California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco 94118
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Munroe (1956) summarized knowledge of the distribution patterns and history of the Canadian insect fauna; and a general synthesis beyond his conclusions is not yet possible. Results of studies on Nearctic Nebria taxa illustrate present distribution patterns and provide clues to the history of the montane fauna of western Canada. Nebria species and subspecies diversity is greatest in the Coast/Cascade Mountains just south of Canada and decreases northward. Major centers of endemism are located south of Canada, in the Coast/Cascade and southern Rocky Mountain systems, with minor centers found in western Alberta and the Queen Charlotte Islands. Species and subspecies vicariance patterns link Coast/Cascade and Rocky Mountain systems across the Okanagan lowland; and subspecies vicariance patterns link (1) Coast and Cascade mountains across Puget lowland/Georgia Strait and (2) central Canadian Rocky Mountains and Rocky Mountains of western Wyoming. These and other data presented on Nebria distribution patterns and faunal similarities among different mountain ranges and systems suggest that the present montane fauna of western Canada is derived from two source areas—one in the Coast/Cascade Mountain region, one in the Rocky Mountain region, each just south of the Canadian/U.S. border—which were separate and distinct during and after Wisconsinan time. Northern (e.g. Beringian) Wisconsinan refugia apparently did not contribute significantly to the present montane fauna.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 112 , Issue 11 , 01 November 1980 , pp. 1129 - 1144
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1980

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ball, G. E. 1963. The distribution of the species of subgenus Cryobius (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Pterostichus): with species reference to the Bering land bridge and Pleistocene refugia. pp. 133–151 in Gressitt, J. L. (Ed.) Pacific Basin Biogeography; A Symposium. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu. ix + 563 pp.Google Scholar
Ball, G. E. 1966. A revision of the North American species of the subgenus Cryobius Chaudoir (Pterostichus, Carabidae, Coleoptera). Opusc. ent. Suppl. 28. 166 pp.Google Scholar
Belicek, J. 1976. Coccinellidae of western Canada and Alaska with analyses of the transmontane zoogeographic relationships between the fauna of British Columbia and Alberta (Insecta: Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Quaest. ent. 12: 283–409.Google Scholar
Braun-Blanquet, J. 1932. Plant Sociology. [Translated by Fuller, C. D. and Conrad, H. S..] McGraw-Hill, New York. xviii + 439 pp.Google Scholar
Coope, G. R. 1970. Interpretation of Quaternary insect fossils. A. Rev. Ent. 15: 97–120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Croizat, L., Nelson, G. J., and Rosen, D. E.. 1974. Centers of origin and related concepts. Syst. Zool. 23: 265–287.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freitag, R. 1965. A revision of the North American species of the Cicindela maritima group with a study of hybridization between Cicindela duodecimguttata and oregona. Quaest. ent. 1: 87–170.Google Scholar
Goulet, H. 1977. The genera of the Holarctic Elaphrini and species of Elaphrus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Carabidae): classification, phylogeny, and zoogeography. Unpub. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Alberta, Edmonton. xxix + 480 pp.Google Scholar
Kavanaugh, D. H. 1978. The Nearctic species of Nebria Latreille (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Nebriini): classification, phylogeny, zoogeography, and natural history. Unpub. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Alberta, Edmonton. lxxvi + 1041 pp.Google Scholar
Kavanaugh, D. H. 1979. Rates of taxonomically significant differentiation in relation to geographical isolation and habitat: examples from a study of the Nearctic Nebria fauna. pp. 35–57 in Erwin, T. L., Ball, G. E., Whitehead, D. R., and Halpern, A. L. (Eds.), Carabid Beetles: Their Evolution, Natural History, and Classification. Proc. First International Symposium of carabidology, Smithsonian Inst., Washington, D.C., August 21, 23, and 25, 1976. Junk The Hague. 635 pp.Google Scholar
Larson, D. J. 1975. The predaceous water beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) of Alberta: systematics, natural history and distribution. Quaest. ent. 11: 245–498.Google Scholar
Matthews, J. V. Jr., 1974. Quaternary environments of Cape Deceit (Seward Peninsula, Alaska): evolution of a tundra ecosystem. Bull. geol. Soc. Am. 85: 1353–1384.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matthews, J. V. Jr., 1976. Evolution of the subgenus Cyphelophorus (genus Helophorus), Hydrophilidae, Coleoptera): description of two new fossil species and discussion of Helophorus tuberculatus Gyll. Can. J. Zool. 54: 652–673.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Munroe, E. 1956. Canada as an environment for insect life. Can. Ent. 88: 372–476.Google Scholar
Murphy, R. W. 1976. The evolution of a peninsular and insular herpetofauna: a drift based alternate hypothesis. Unpub. M.A. Thesis, San Francisco State Univ. iv + 71 pp.Google Scholar
Nimmo, A. 1971. The adult Rhyacophilidae and Limnephilidae (Trichoptera) of Alberta and eastern British Columbia and their post-glacial origin. Quaest. ent. 7: 3–234.Google Scholar
Pike, E. M. 1978. Origin of tundra butterflies in Alberta, Canada, and their significance in the study of refugia of Wisconsin age. Unpub. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Alberta, Edmonton. xv + 137 pp.Google Scholar
Platnick, N. I. and Nelson, G. J.. 1978. A method of analysis for historical biogeography. Syst. Zool. 27: 1–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosen, D. E. 1978. Vicariant patterns and historical explanations in biogeography. Syst. Zool. 27: 1–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simpson, G. G. 1960. Notes on the measurement of faunal resemblance. Am. J. Sci., Bradley Vol., 258a: 300–311.Google Scholar
Van Dyke, E. C. 1919. The distribution of insects in western North America. Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 12: 1–2.Google Scholar
Van Dyke, E. C. 1926. Certain peculiarities in the coleopterous insect fauna of western North America. Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 19: 1–12.Google Scholar
Van Dyke, E. C. 1940. The origin and distribution of the coleopterous fauna of North America. pp. 255–268 in Proc. Sixth Pacific Science Congress (Berkeley, Stanford and San Francisco, July 24 to August 12, 1939), Vol. 4. University of California Press. x + 993 pp.Google Scholar