Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T21:26:03.693Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Influence of Date of Oviposition and Climatic Conditions on Hatching of Camnula pellucida (Scudder) (Orthoptera: Acrididae)1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

R. Pickford
R. Pickford
Affiliation:
Research Station, Canada Department of Agriculture, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Field and laboratory hatching experiments were conducted from 1960 through 1963 with eggs of Camnula pellucida (Scudder) laid in field cages and collected at fortnightly intervals. Before freeze-up, embryonic development usually reached prediapause level in all eggs laid before the middle of August; these eggs were the first to hatch when incubated in the laboratory or when left in the soil outdoors. Eggs laid later than mid-August showed progressively less embryonic development and consequently hatched later. Viability was highest in eggs laid during the latter half of August; those laid early in the season often suffered from desiccation because of their long exposure to dry soil conditions; those laid towards the end of the season showed declining viability caused, apparently, by low temperatures. The percentage hatch was relatively high in eggs laid before the end of August but declined progressively thereafter; those laid in October rarely hatched. Seasonal hatching patterns were largely dependent upon weather conditions; such patterns were rapidly completed when an extended period of hot, dry weather continued through the hatching period, but often extended intermittently over a month or more when weather was unsettled. The typical diurnal hatching pattern, which also closely followed the temperature regime, commenced in the morning at 0900–1000 hours as soil temperatures exceeded 65°F., rising to a peak about 1100–1200 hours when temperatures reached 85°F., and then generally declined during the afternoon. However, during rapidly changing weather conditions hatching frequently started and stopped as skies cleared and again clouded over. Winter kill occasionally may be an important factor in reducing populations, especially when snow cover is removed by a mid-winter thaw and sub-zero temperatures follow.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 98 , Issue 11 , November 1966 , pp. 1145 - 1159
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1966

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ashall, C., and Ellis, P. E.. 1962. Studies on numbers and mortality in field populations of the Desert Locust (Schistocerca gregaria Forsk.). Anti-locust Bull. 38: 1–59.Google Scholar
Birch, L. C., and Andrewartha, H. G.. 1942. The influence of moisture on eggs of Austroicetes cruciata Sauss. (Orthoptera) with reference to their ability to survive desiccation. Aust. J. exp. Biol. med. Sci. 20: 1–8.Google Scholar
Church, N. S., and Salt, R. W.. 1952. Some effects of temperature on development and diapause in eggs of Melanoplus bivittatus (Say) (Orthoptera: Acrididae). Can. J. Zool. 30: 173–184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dempster, J. P. 1963. Population dynamics of Acrididae. Biol. Rev. 38: 490–529.Google Scholar
Hogan, T. W. 1965. The winter mortality of eggs of Chortoicetes terminifera (Walk.) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) during the outbreak of 1955. Aust. J. Zool. 13: 47–52.Google Scholar
Moore, H. W. 1943. A mechanical aspirator for sorting and counting insects in the field. Can. Ent. 75: 162.Google Scholar
Moore, H. W. 1948. Variations in fall embryological development in three grasshopper species. Can. Ent. 80: 83–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parker, J. R. 1930. Some effects of temperature and moisture upon Melanoplus mexicanus mexicanus Saussure and Camnula pellucida Scudder (Orthoptera). Mont. Agric. Exp. Sta. Bull. 233: 1–132.Google Scholar
Pickford, R. 1960. Survival, fecundity and population growth of Melanoplus bilituratus (Wlk.) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in relation to date of hatching. Can. Ent. 92: 1–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pickford, R. 1963. Wheat crops and native prairie in relation to the nutritional ecology of Camnula pellucida (Scudder) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in Saskatchewan. Can. Ent. 95: 764–770.Google Scholar
Pickford, R. 1966. Development, survival and reproduction of Camnula pellucida (Scudder) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in relation to climatic conditions. Can. Ent. 98: 158–169.Google Scholar
Putnam, L. G., and Handford, R. H.. 1964. Potential and actual populations of grasshopper nymphs in tilled and untilled cereal grain fields. Can. J. Pl. Sci. 44: 365–375.Google Scholar
Riegert, P. W. 1961. Embryological development of a nondiapause form of Melanoplus bilituratus Walker (Orthoptera: Acrididae). Can. J. Zool. 39: 491–494.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Salt, R. W. 1949. A key to the embryological development of Melanoplus bivittatus (Say), M. mexicanus (Sauss.), and M. packardii Scudder. Can. J. Res. 27: 233–235.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Salt, R. W. 1950. Time as a factor in the freezing of undercooled insects. Can. J. Res. 28: 285–291.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Salt, R. W. 1952. Some aspects of moisture absorption and loss in eggs of Melanoplus bivittatus (Say). Can. J. Zool. 30: 55–82.Google Scholar
Shotwell, R. L. 1941. Life histories and habits of some grasshoppers of economic importance on the Great Plains. U.S.D.A. Tech. Bull. 774: 1–47.Google Scholar
Slifer, E. H. 1932. Insect development IV. External morphology of grasshopper embryos of known age and with a known temperature history. J. Morph. 53: 1–22.Google Scholar