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EVALUATION OF A NATURAL RUBBER SLEEVE STOPPER AS A CONTROLLED-RELEASE SUBSTRATE FOR USE IN STUDIES OF SEX-PHEROMONE-MEDIATED MATING DISRUPTION OF THE SPOTTED TENTIFORM LEAFMINER

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

R.M. Trimble ,
C.A. Tyndall  and
B.D. McGarvey
R.M. Trimble
Affiliation:
Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 6000, Vineland Station, Ontario, Canada LOR 2E0
C.A. Tyndall
Affiliation:
Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 6000, Vineland Station, Ontario, Canada LOR 2E0
B.D. McGarvey
Affiliation:
Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 6000, Vineland Station, Ontario, Canada LOR 2E0
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Abstract

Natural rubber sleeve stoppers were impregnated with 10 mg of (E)-10-dodecen-1-yl-acetate, the major component of spotted tentiform leafminer, Phyllonorycter blancardella (F.), pheromone. In the laboratory, there was a linear decline in the amount of pheromone remaining on stoppers during 8 weeks of exposure to 10, 15, 20, and 25 °C. At 30 and 35 °C, the relationship was curvilinear and could be described using a second-order polynomial equation. The estimated rate of evaporation ranged from 0.03 mg/day at 10 °C to 0.08 mg/day at 25 °C; the rate of evaporation at 30 and 35 °C varied with the time since first exposure. There was a linear decline in the amount of pheromone remaining on stoppers during 8 weeks of exposure to fluctuating temperature regimes with average temperatures of 10 °C (i.e., 5–15 °C) and 20 °C (i.e., 15–25 °C). At a fluctuating regime with an average temperature of 30 °C (i.e., 25–35 °C), the relationship was curvilinear and could be described using a second-order polynomial equation. The estimated rate of evaporation was 0.02 and 0.09 mg/day at 5–15 and 15–25 °C, respectively; the estimated daily rate of evaporation at 25–35 °C varied with the time since first exposure. In an orchard, the estimated average rate of evaporation of pheromone from stoppers ranged from 0.05 to 0.31 mg/day and did not vary significantly with temperature. During the first 4 weeks of exposure in an orchard, the observed rate of evaporation was up to 4.4-fold greater than the rate predicted using the relationship between evaporation rate and constant temperatures observed in the laboratory. The potential for using natural rubber sleeve stoppers as controlled-release substrates in studies of sex-pheromone-mediated mating disruption of P. blancardella is discussed.

Résumé

Des bouchons-manchons de caoutchouc naturel ont été imbibés de 10 mg d’acétate de (E)-10-dodécén-1-yle, la principale composante de la phéromone de la Mineuse marbrée, Phyllonorycter blancardella (F.). En laboratoire, il s’est produit une diminution linéaire de la quantité de phéromone présente sur les bouchons au cours des 8 semaines d’exposition à des températures de 10, 15, 20 et 25 °C. À 30 et 35 °C, la relation était curvilinéaire et pouvait être représentée par une équation polynomiale de second degré. Le taux estimé d’évaporation se situait entre 0,03 mg par jour à 10 °C et 0,08 mg par jour à 25 °C; le taux d’évaporation à 30 et 35 °C variait en fonction de la durée d’exposition. Il s’est produit une diminution linéaire de la quantité de phéromone présente sur les bouchons au cours de 8 semaines d’exposition à des régimes de température fluctuante dont les températures moyennes étaient de 10 °C (i.e. 5–15 °C) et 20 °C (i.e. 15–25 °C). A un régime de température fluctuante dont la moyenne était de 30 °C (i.e. 25–35 °C), la relation était curvilinéaire et pouvait également être représentée par une équation polynomiale de second degré. Les taux d’évaporation ont été estimés à 0,02 mg par jour à 5–15 °C et à 0,09 mg par jour à 15–25 °C; le taux quotidien d’évaporation à 25–35 °C variait en fonction de la durée d’exposition. Dans un verger, le taux moyen d’évaporation de phéromone sur les bouchons a été estimé à 0,05–0,31 mg par jour et ne variait pas significativement en fonction de la température. Au cours des 4 premières semaines d’exposition dans un verger, le taux réel d’évaporation s’est avéré jusqu’à 4,4 fois plus élevé que le taux d’évaporation prévu d’après la relation obtenue en laboratoire entre le taux d’évaporation et la température constante. L’utilité des bouchons-manchons de caoutchouc naturel comme substrats de libération contrôlée dans les études d’arrêt du processus d’accouplement par l’intermédiaire des phéromones chez P. blancardella fait l’objet d’une discussion.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 131 , Issue 1 , February 1999 , pp. 137 - 149
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1999

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