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DEVELOPMENT AND SURVIVAL OF PODISUS MACULIVENTRIS (SAY) AND PODISUS SAGITTA (FAB.) (HETEROPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE) AT VARIOUS CONSTANT TEMPERATURES

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

P. De Clercq  and
D. Degheele
P. De Clercq
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Agrozoology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Gent, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
D. Degheele
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Agrozoology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Gent, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
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Abstract

Development and survival of the predatory pentatomids Podisus maculiventris (Say) and Podisus sagitta (Fab.) were studied at six constant temperatures ranging from 19 to 35 °C. Time required for development from egg to adult ranged from 48.9 days (19 °C) to 18.9 days (30 °C) for P. maculiventris and from 51.9 days (19 °C) to 16.9 days (33 °C) for P. sagitta. At 33 °C, eggs of P. maculiventris did not hatch and development of nymphs that had emerged at 23 °C was retarded; none of the first-instar nymphs incubated at 35 °C survived the next moult. A constant temperature of 35 °C was fatal to P. sagitta eggs and extended the developmental period of nymphs from 23 °C. Egg hatch ranged from 47% (19 °C) to 57% (27 °C) for P. maculiventris and from 54% (33 °C) to 71% (27 °C) for P. sagitta. Nymphal survival was high at moderate temperatures, with 63–78% and 65–82% of the first-instar nymphs of the respective species reaching adulthood. Mortality during the nymphal stage was significantly increased at high temperatures, but was considerably lower for P. sagitta than for P. maculiventris. Lower threshold temperatures for egg and nymphal development were estimated to be 10.7 and 11.7 °C for P. maculiventris, and 13.3 and 12.2 °C for P. sagitta. Thermal requirements for these stages were 78.2 and 275.5 degree-days, and 60.9 and 265.5 degree-days, respectively. These observations suggest that P. sagitta is somewhat better adapted to high temperatures than is P. maculiventris.

Résumé

Le développement et la survie des pentatomides prédateurs Podisus maculiventris (Say) et Podisus sagitta (Fab.) ont été étudiés à six températures constantes de 19 à 35 °C. La durée du développement de l’oeuf à l’adulte a varié de 48,9 jours (19 °C) à 18,9 jours (30 °C) pour P. maculiventris, et de 51,9 jours (19 °C) à 16,9 jours (33 °C) pour P. sagitta. A 33 °C, les oeufs de P. maculiventris ne sont pas éclos, et le développement des nymphes écloses à 23 °C a été retardé; toutes les nymphes du premier stade incubées à 35 °C sont mortes pendant la première mue. Une température constante de 35 °C s’est montrée fatale pour les oeufs de P. sagitta et a retardé le développement des nymphes écloses à 23 °C. Le pourcentage d’oeufs éclos a varié de 47% (19 °C) à 57% (27 °C) pour P. maculiventris et de 54% (33 °C) à 71% (27 °C) pour P. sagitta. La survie nymphale était bonne aux températures modérées, avec 63–78% et 65–82% des nymphes du premier instar des espèces respectives arrivant au stade adulte. La mortalité au stade nymphal a été significativement augmentée aux températures élevées, mais elle était considérablement moins élevée pour P. sagitta que pour P. maculiventris. Les seuils théoriques de température pour le développement des oeufs et des nymphes ont été établis à 10,7 et 11,7 °C pour P. maculiventris et à 13,3 et 12,2 °C pour P. sagitta. Les besoins thermiques de ces stades étaient de 78,2 et 275,5 degrés-jours, et 60,9 et 265,5 degrés-jours pour les espèces respectives. Ces observations suggèrent que P. sagitta est plutôt mieux adapté à des températures élevées que P. maculiventris.

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 124 , Issue 1 , February 1992 , pp. 125 - 133
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1992

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