No CrossRef data available.
We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.
We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 December 2009
page 43 note 1 Necker published the Compte Kendu in 1781. This led to his retirement from office. In 1784 he published a more detailed account on his administration, under the title “ De l'administration des finances de la France,” which is the book referred to.
page 44 note 1 Beaumarchais. Pierre Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais, born 1732, son of a watchmaker. He conveyed arms and munitions of war to the American insurgents and made a large fortune by these means. He wrote, Le Barbier de Seville, Le Marriage de Figaro, Tartare and La Mère Coupable. He died suddenly in 1799.
page 45 note 1 Repnin Prince Nicolas Vassilievitch, born 1734 died 1801.
page 45 note 2 Potemkin Gregory Alexandrovich, born 1736 died 1791. Founded the town of Kherson.
page 45 note 3 Soltikoff Ivan Count, born 1736, field marshall and governor of Moscow, died 1805.
page 46 note 1 Probably Wassenaar.
page 46 note 2 Kaunitz. Wenceslaus Anthony, Graf Rietberg, Prince Kaunitz, born 1711, chief minister of Austria from 1743 till 1794, died 1794.
page 48 note 1 Duc de Normandie. This was the future Dauphin, the unfortunate child who died in the Temple 8 June 1795.
page 52 note 1 Jean Françis Galaup, de La Pérouse, born 1741, perished in the South Seas about 1787. His remains were found near Vanikoro 1826.
page 54 note 1 Etienne François due de Choiseul. He was born in 1719 and died shortly after this.
page 54 note 2 This has reference to the Commercial Treaty which was signed in 1786.
page 56 note 1 1728–1729.
page 56 note 2 The Elector. This was Charles Theodore, who was Palsgrave in 1733, Elector Palatine in 1742 and Elector of Bavaria from 1777 to 1779. The Duke of Deux Ponts or Zweibrücken was Maximilian Joseph, who became Elector of the Palatinate and Bavaria in 1799, and becoming King in 1806 died in 1825. Mannheim was the Capital of the Palatinate, Düsseldorf of Pfalz-Neuburg.
page 58 note 1 After the death of the Pretender in 1788 she lived in Thrence. She married the Poet Alfieri and died in 1824. She belonged to the Stolberg family.
page 61 note 1 Ragusa. The independent duchy of Ragusa continued to exist till 1806.
page 63 note 1 St. Priest. Francois Emmanuel Guignard, Comte de St. Priest, born 1735, minister at Constantinople 1768, in Holland 1787, Minister of the Interior 1789, died 1821.
page 63 note 2 Sultan. The Sultan at this time was Abdul Hamid, who reigned from 1774 to 1786.
page 66 note 1 Adelaide, eldest daughter of Louis XV, born 1732 died 1800; Victoria born 1733 died 1799.
page 71 note 1 Rohan-Soubise. Louis, Rene, Edouard, Cardinal de Rohan. He did not belong to the Soubise branch of the Rohans. He was born 1734, was made Ambassador to Vienna in 1772, and on his return was successively created, Grand Almoner of France in 1777, Cardinal in 1778, Archbishop of Strasburg in 1779. He was acquitted by the Parliament in the affair of the Collier in 1785, but was banished to the Abbey of Chaise-Dieu in Auvergne. He died in 1803, living at Ettenheim, a place connected with the story of the Duc d'Enghien.
page 71 note 2 Soubise. Charles de Rohan, Prince de Soubise, born 1715, an intimate friend of Louis XV. His eldest daughter married a Prince de Condé 1753. He was beaten by Frederick the Great at Rossbach in 1757, but was made a Marshal in 1758, and Minister of State in 1759. He died in 1787.
page 72 note 1 Louis Auguste le Tonnelieu, Baron de Breteuil (1733–1807).
page 74 note 1 Florimond Claude, Comte de Mercy. Argenteau (1722–1794)—Austrian Ambassador in France 1766–1790.
page 75 note 1 Boufflers. Stanislas, first Chevalier the Marquis de Boufflers. His mother was the brilliant Marquise de Boufflers. He distinguished himself as governor of Senegal, and died in 1815.
page 77 note 1 Craufurd was supposed to be negotiating the treaty of commerce but was really doing nothing.
page 79 note 1 Aranda. Don Pedro-Pablo Abarica y Bolea, Conde de Aranda, born 1718. He was a liberal minister and reformer under Charles III. After his fall in 1773 he was appointed Ambassador in Paris. He became again Prime Minister in 1792, but was disgraced and died 1779.
page 79 note 2 Florida Blanca. Don Jose Monino Conde de Florida Blanca, born 1728, Minister till his fall in 1792, died 1808.
page 80 note 1 Comte Jules de Polignac, married his celebrated wife in 1767, was made Duke in 1780, and died in Russia in 1817.
page 80 note 2 Armand Louis de Gontaut, first Due de Lauzun, then Duc de Biron, born 1747, died December 31 1793.
page 80 note 3 Louis-Philippe Comte de Ségur, born 1753, Ambassador to Russia 1784–1789. He was a well known man of letters as well as a diplomat, was a member of the French Academy, died 1830.
page 80 note 4 Monsieur. Comte de Provence, afterwards Louis XVIII, born 1755, died 1824.
page 81 note 1 Orleans. Louis Philippe, Duc d'Orleans, born 1725, died 1785, chiefly noticeable as a soldier.
page 82 note 1 Chartres. Louis Philippe Duc de Chartres, better known as the Duc d'Orleans, and as Phillippe Egalite, born 1747 guillotined 1793.
page 86 note 1 Eleonore Francois Elie Comte and afterwards Marquis Moustier, born 1751. He served in the embassies of Lisbon, Naples, Treves, London, United States and Berlin. He died 1817.