Materialls for History

doi:10.1017/S2042171000005252

^{page 1 note 1} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, pp. 188–9.Google Scholar

^{page 1 note 2} 16 March 1657–58 William Rumbold reported to Ormonde John Mordaunt's hope to raise 400 or 500 horse for the King (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 263Google Scholar). 25 Feb. 1658–59 Mordaunt requested Ormonde to procure him commissioners to raise two regiments of horse and one of foot in Surrey (C.S.P., iii. 389Google Scholar). 29 March 1658 Mordaunt asked Hyde for definite instructions from the King (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 34Google Scholar).

^{page 1 note 3} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 189.Google Scholar

^{page 1 note 4} Mordaunt to the King, 25 Nov. 1658, London, Clarendon MSS., vol. lix, fos. 234–5. He renewed his offers of service and stated that he had received no communications since his acquittal at the high court of justice, 2 June 1658.

^{page 1 note 5} In the letter of Mordaunt to Hyde, 8 March 1658–59, Clarendon MSS., vol. lx, fos. 211–12, in partly deciphered cipher, 247 refers to William Rumbold and 258 to Hartgill Baron.

William Rumbold (1613–67), royalist; from 1653 engaged as a financial agent for the King in England (Rumbold, ‘Notes of the history of the family of Rumbold in the seventeenth century’ (Trans. R. Hist. Soc., vol. vi (1892), pp. 147 et seq.Google Scholar); imprisoned for royalism May 1655 to Sept. 1658 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 78Google Scholar); actively engaged for the rising of 1659 (D.N.B.).

^{page 1 note 6} Hartgill Baron, royalist, of Meere, Wilts; used the pseudonym ‘John Jones’ in correspondence with Hyde in 1658 and 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 99Google Scholar); employed by Hyde and Mordaunt to carry letters during 1659 (ibid., numerous entries); involved with Mordaunt in the attempted rising in Surrey in Aug. 1659 (ibid., iv. 333).

^{page 2 note 1} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, 190Google Scholar, where for ‘borrow’ read ‘bestow’. Clarendon MSS., vol. lx, fo. 173. Draft by Hyde, 1/11 March 1658–59.

^{page 2 note 2} The enclosure is no. 4.

Mrs. Elizabeth Mordaunt, Elizabeth Carey (d. 1679), younger daughter of Thomas Carey, 2nd son of Robert 1st earl of Monmouth; married John Mordaunt in 1656–57 and assisted him actively in royalist plotting (Clarendon, , Hist., xv. 93Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 2 note 3} Noted but not printed in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 190Google Scholar. Clarendon MSS., vol. lx, fo. 173. Draft by Hyde, 1/11 March 1658–59.

^{page 2 note 4} 10 July 1659, John Mordaunt was created Baron Mordaunt of Reigate in Surrey and Viscount Mordaunt of Avalon in Somerset. D.N.B.

^{page 2 note 5} Printed except for conclusion, ‘Your very affectionate friend Charles R.’, in C.S.P., iii. 436–7Google Scholar, under date 11 March 1659. Clarendon MSS., vol. lx, fo. 173, 1/11 March.

^{page 2 note 6} Mordaunt to the King, 25 Jan. 1658–59. Clarendon MSS., vol. lx, fos. 14–15.

^{page 3 note 1} Printed in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 189, with the exception of the two footnotes and the heading, Clarendon MSS., vol. lx, fo. 177, under date 1/11 March 1658–59, and heading ‘Instructions for my friends’.

^{page 3 note 2} In the Clarendon MS. the following names are given instead of the cipher: Lord Belasyse, Lord Loughborough, Colonel John Russell, Sir William Compton and Sir Richard Willis.

John Lord Belasyse (1614–89), royalist; 2nd son of Thomas 1st Viscount Fauconberg; 1645 Baron Belasyse of Worlaby, Lincs; supported Charles I in first civil war; one of the Sealed Knot (Thurloe, , S.P., iii. 64Google Scholar); in 1658–59 he negotiated with the earl of Manchester and with Major-General Browne in the King's interest (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 20, 130Google Scholar); responsible for the north in plans for the rising of 1659 (ibid., iv. 169); imprisoned Aug. to Nov. 1659 (Cal, S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 75Google Scholar; Cal. C.S.P., iv. 432Google Scholar). D.N.B.

Henry Hastings, Lord Loughborough (1609 ?–67), royalist; 2nd son of Henry 5th earl of Huntingdon; fought in royalist cause in civil wars; 23 Oct. 1643, created Lord Loughborough; engaged in royalist plotting in 1654, but did not rise in 1655; a member of the Sealed Knot (Thurloe, , S.P., ii. 70Google Scholar; Cal. C.S.P., ii. 315Google Scholar). D.N.B.

Colonel John Russell (d. 1687), royalist; 3rd son of Francis Russell 4th earl of Bedford; M.P. for Tavistock, Nov. 1640; one of the Sealed Knot; imprisoned several times 1655–58 (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 79, 175, 262Google Scholar; iv. 34); engaged for but failed to rise in the rising of 1659 (C.S.P., iii. 553Google Scholar); adhered to Sir Richard Willis (Carte, Ormonde papers, ii. 284–6Google Scholar). D.N.B.

Sir William Compton (1625–63), royalist; 3rd son of Spencer 2nd earl of Northampton; fought in royalist cause in first and second civil wars; knighted in 1643 for his defence of Banbury; member of the Sealed Knot; imprisoned in 1655 (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 43Google Scholar) and in 1658 (Thurloe, , S.P., vii, 61Google Scholar); engaged for 1659, but did not rise (C.S.P., iii. 559Google Scholar); arrested, but, Sept. 1659, released on security (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 180Google Scholar). D.N.B.

Sir Richard Willis, royalist; member of the Sealed Knot (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1655, 212Google Scholar); June 1659 denounced to the King by Samuel Morland (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 223Google Scholar) and posted as a traitor in London; 3 July 1659 (The Nicholas papers, iv. (1920), 169).Google Scholar

^{page 3 note 3} Francis Lord Willoughby of Parham(1613 ?–66), parliamentarian; 2nd son of William 3rd baron Willoughby of Parham. In 1654 was in correspondence with the King (Cal. C.S.P., ii. 345Google Scholar); in l655 and 1656 imprisoned (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1655, p. 588Google Scholar; 1655–56, p. 580); engaged for the rising of 1659 but did not rise (C.S.P., iii. 490, 524, 557Google Scholar). D.N.B.

Andrew Newport (1623–1699)Google Scholar, royalist; 2nd son of Sir Richard Newport, of High Ercall, Shropshire; M.P. for Shrewsbury, Nov. 1640. Employed 1657–60 in raising money for the King in England (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 263, 340Google Scholar); responsible for the plan to secure Shrewsbury in 1659 (ibid., iv. 21, 87, 156); was imprisoned from July to Nov. in 1659 (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, p. 38Google Scholar; Cal. C.S.P., iv. 430Google Scholar). D.N.B.

Job Charlton (1614–1697)Google Scholar, royalist and lawyer; eldest son of Robert Charlton, goldsmith, of London and Whitton, Shropshire; M.P. for Ludlow in 1659; from May 1659 engaged in negotiations in the King's interest with the Presbyterians (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 196, 200, 238Google Scholar). D.N.B.

William Legge (1609–1672)Google Scholar, royalist; eldest son of Edward Legge, sometime vice-president of Munster; engaged with Mordaunt in 1659 in a design to secure Windsor Castle for the King (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 202, 227Google Scholar); July to 30 Sept. imprisoned in the Tower (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, PP. 35, 231Google Scholar); was supposed to have directed the seizure of Windsor Castle on 28 Dec. 1659, but denied this (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 500, 532Google Scholar). D.N.B.

Sir John Grenville (1628–1701)Google Scholar, royalist; 3rd but eldest surviving son of Sir Bevill Grenville of Stowe, Cornwall; responsible for royalist plans in Cornwall in 1655 and imprisoned; engaged for the rising of 1659; arrested July 1659 but released in Aug. on parole and allowed to return to Cornwall (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, pp. 38, 43Google Scholar; C.S.P., iii. 543Google Scholar); 19 March 1659–60 presented the King's letter to General Monck and negotiated the restoration (Baker, , Chronicle, p. 605Google Scholar). D.N.B.

Sir Thomas Peyton (c. 1613–84), royalist; son of Sir Samuel Peyton, baronet, of Knowlton, Kent; M.P. for Sandwich Nov. 1640; imprisoned for royalism in the Tower, in Guernsey and in Windsor Castle from 1655 to March 1658–59 (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 221, 263Google Scholar; The Oxinden and Peyton Letters, edited Gardiner (1937), pp. 208, 210–13, 221Google Scholar; Cal. S.P. Dom., 1658–1659, pp. 302, 581Google Scholar); actively engaged with Mordaunt for the rising of 1659 in Kent (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 222, 519. 535).Google Scholar

^{page 4 note 1} Printed in full, with four additional paragraphs before the opening words, in C.S.P., iii. 437–8Google Scholar, under title ‘The King's instructions for his friends’, 11 March 1659. Clarendon MSS., vol. lx, fos. 175–6. Draft by Hyde. Noted but not printed in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 189.Google Scholar

^{page 4 note 2} Printed but without the footnote in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, pp. 189–90Google Scholar. Clarendon MSS., vol. lx, fo. 177, omits the footnote and gives instead of the cipher the names ‘Lord Bellasis, Lord Loughborough, Mr. Jo. Russell, Sir Will. Compton, Mr. John Mordaunt and Sir Richard Willis and those of that Knot’.

^{page 4 note 3} John Mordaunt was not created Baron Mordaunt till 10 July 1659; the note is a later addition by the copyist.

^{page 4 note 4} Printed but without postscript in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 190.Google Scholar

James Butler, 12th earl and 1st duke of Ormonde (1610–88), royalist; eldest son of Viscount Thurles and grandson of William Butler, 11th earl of Ormonde; lieutenant-general of the King's forces in Ireland in the first and second civil wars; 1655–60 was at the court of Charles II in Cologne and Brussels and in the confidence of the King and Hyde; he accompanied Charles II to Fuentarabia in Sept. 1659 (Carte, , Ormonde, iii. 685Google Scholar et seq.). D.N.B.

^{page 5 note 1} The letter, so far, is printed in C.S.P., iii. 443–5Google Scholar, under date 24 March 1658–59, from the copy by J. Nicholas in the Clarendon MSS., vol. lx, fos. 242–3. In the Mordaunt MS. is this additional paragraph: ‘Sir, the afflictions of this nation are so violent in your behalfe, that durst they shew their insides, I dare say never King received a crowne with so universall a joy to his people as your Majestie would doe: Therefore I most humbly represent to your Majestie the satisfaction it would be to them and us, if wee could see your Majestie so settled as that the love of the people might run in a right line from your person to the persons of your own posterity. For, Sir, I finde nothing can so much conduce to an union here, as a happy marriage with some princesse of your own religion. For, Sir, if I say ye Catholicks here are not so much your servants as they ought to be, I represent no more than I am desired to doe by those really honour and love your person. For your Majestie is known so fixed to your father's (of blessed memory) religion, that it pleases them not. And bygotery rules much heere. The particular transactions here Mr. [blank in MS.] will transmitt, for I feare the cyphering this long account will take up all the time I have left, my wife with all humbleness acknowledging your Majesties great favour. And this morning God hath blessed me with another sonne, this makes her deferre her duty in answering it herselfe till He please to restore her so much strength as to be able to write. Your Majestie has made our whole family your most devoted servants, which that wee may continue the deserving to be and usefull to your Majestie, is the hearty prayers of us both, and indeed Sir, wee are as ‘our duty tyes us, most humbly and most faithfully, your Majesties oblieged subjects and servants J. E. M.’

page 5 note * Henry Mordaunt (1659–1720).

page 5 note † John and Elizabeth Mordaunt.

The letter is noted, but not printed, in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 190Google Scholar; it is there dated March 1659.

^{page 5 note 2} Sir James Hamilton of Priestfield, royalist; 2nd son by second marriage of Thomas Hamilton, 1st earl of Haddingfon. In Dec. 1655, with Major Armorer, he shot the spy Henry Manning near Cologne (Thurloe, S.P., iv. 718); in 1656 lieutenant-general of the regiment of Scotch royalists in Flanders (Firth, , ‘Royalist and Cromwellian armies in Flanders, 1657–62’, Trans. R. Hist. Soc., vol. xvii (1903), p. 69Google Scholar; Cal. C.S.P., iii. 218Google Scholar; 1658 in England acting for the King (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1658–1659, p. 6Google Scholar); 1659 corresponded with Nicholas under the pseudonym Thomas Jackson (The Nicholas papers, iv (1920), 127–8).Google Scholar

^{page 5 note 3} Major-General John Desborough (1608–1680)Google Scholar, parliamentarian and soldier; 2nd son of James Desborough of Eltisley, Cambs; served under his brother-in-law Oliver Cromwell in the civil wars (for his military career see Firth, Regimental history); M.P. for Cambs. 1654, for Somerset 1656; member of the Other House 1658–59; 22 April 1659 forced Richard Cromwell to dissolve parliament (Baker, , Chronicle, p. 568Google Scholar); 12 Oct. 1659 cashiered by parliament (Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 137Google Scholar); supported Lambert against the parliament, but 29 Dec. 1659 submitted to the parliament (Firth, , Regimental history, i. 208Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 5 note 4} Richard Cromwell (1626–1712), Protector, 3rd son of Oliver Cromwell; 3 Sept. 1658–May 1659 Protector. Ramsey, Richard Cromwell (1937)Google Scholar, and D.N.B.

^{page 5 note 5} Sir William Waller (1597 ?–1668), parliamentarian; son of Sir Thomas Waller, lieutenant of Dover Castle; M.P. for Andover, Nov. 1640; 1643–45 in command of army of the south and west (Firth, Regimental history); a presbyterian member, secluded in 1648 and imprisoned till 1651 (Whitelocke, , Memorials, p. 356Google Scholar; Cal. S.P. Dom., 1651, p. 151Google Scholar); March 1658 arrested but released (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 30Google Scholar); engaged for the rising of 1659 (ibid., iv. 165, 194); Aug. to 31 Oct. 1658 imprisoned (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, pp. 107, 135Google Scholar; Cal. C.S.P., iv. 30Google Scholar); 21 Feb. 1659–60 returned with the secluded members to parliament (Whitelocke, , Memorials, p. 698Google Scholar); 23 Feb. 1659–60 member of council of state (C.J., vii. 849Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 6 note 1} Edward Hyde, 1st earl of Clarendon (1609–74), royalist, 3rd but eldest surviving son of Henry Hyde of Dinton, Wilts; M.P. for Saltash, Nov. 1640; 1643 chancellor of the exchequer; 1645–46, on the council of the Prince of Wales in the west; 1649–51 ambassador of Charles II to Madrid; 13 Jan. 1658 lord chancellor; 1661 earl of Clarendon (Lister, , Life of Clarendon, 1838)Google Scholar. D.N.B.

^{page 6 note 2} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 191.Google Scholar

^{page 6 note 3} The Sealed Knot.

^{page 6 note 4} Sir William Lockhart (1621–1676)Google Scholar, soldier and diplomatist; eldest son of Sir James Lockhart by second wife; first a royalist, but after 1648 parliamentarian; M.P. for Lanark in 1653, 1654, 1656; Dec. 1655 ambassador to France; 15 June 1658 governor of Dunkirk; Aug. to Nov. 1659 at Fuentarabia during the negotiations for the peace of the Pyrenees (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 316, 421, 430Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 6 note 5} George Monck, 1st duke of Albemarle (1608–70), soldier; 2nd son of Sir Thomas Monck of Potheridge, Devon; 1651–Nov. 1652, and again from April 1654 to 1660, commander-in-chief of the army in Scotland; 2 Jan. 1659–60 entered England with his army (The Clarke papers, iv. (1901), 238Google Scholar); 19 March 1659–60 received the King's letter from Sir John Grenville and negotiated the restoration (Baker, , Chronicle, p. 605Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 6 note 6} Edward Montagu, 1st earl of Sandwich (1625–1672)Google Scholar, parliamentarian; only surviving son of Sir Sidney Montagu; July 1653 member of the council of state; Jan. 1656–57 conjoint general-at-sea with Blake; March 1659, in command of the fleet ordered to the Sound; 27 Aug. returned without orders and suspected of favouring the rising of 1659 (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, p. 165Google Scholar); resigned his command, but was re-appointed 23 Feb. 1659–60 jointly with Monck as admiral (Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 237Google Scholar); 3 May communicated the King's letter to his officers (Samuel Pepys, Diary, 3 05 1660Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 6 note 7} Unsigned except for the device of a knot. Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10thRep., 1887, App. vi, p. 102.Google Scholar

^{page 7 note 1} The key to the cipher in this letter has not been found. There is no letter written by Mordaunt of 16 March among the Clarendon, Nicholas or Mordaunt papers. The writer of the letter may be Captain Titus, who in April 1659 was in England with Major-General Massey and engaged in negotiations with Mordaunt. Massey in a letter to Hyde of 16 March 1659–60 uses the number 120 for himself (Thurloe, S.P., vii. 856Google Scholar). 365 may refer to Sir William Waller, with whom Massey and Titus were trying to arrange a meeting (The Nicholas Papers, iv. (1920), 115Google Scholar). In the King's letter to Mordaunt of 5/15 Feb. 1658–59, 356 probably stands for Sir W. Waller (Clarendon MSS., vol. lx, fo. 91).

^{page 7 note 2} Printed in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 193, but with two omissions, ‘and put it not out of your own hands’ after the word afternoon, and the ending, ‘I am in haste. Your lordships most humble and faithfull servant, J. Grenvile.’ Sir John Grenville was in London (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 161, 167Google Scholar). This is his first letter to Mordaunt.

^{page 7 note 3} Probably Sir James Hamilton.

^{page 7 note 4} Printed in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 193Google Scholar. Inserts in brackets ‘Richard’ before ‘Nicolls’, and ‘the King's marriage’ after 10 May; omits the ending ‘I am yours’. The letter is unsigned.

Richard Nicolls (1624–72), royalist; 4th son of Francis Nicolls, imprisoned for royalism 1655 (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 79Google Scholar); attached to the household of the duke of York and employed by him in a scheme to secure Dunkirk in Nov. 1659 (The Nicholas papers, iv. (1920), 189Google Scholar); maintained the innocence of Sir Richard Willis (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 284Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 7 note 5} Edward Montagu (1635–65), royalist; eldest son of the 2nd Baron Montagu of Boughton, Northants; acted as intermediary between his cousin Admiral Montagu and Charles II (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 229Google Scholar; Samuel Pepys, Diary, 20 04 1660Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 7 note 6} The marriage of Louis XIV to the Infanta Maria Theresa, daughter of Philip IV of Spain, took place at Bayonne, 7 June 1659.

^{page 7 note 7} The court of the Queen-Mother, Henrietta Maria, Paris.

^{page 7 note 8} Henry Booth of Calais, acted as agent for the transmission of letters for the King (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 169, 337, 339).Google Scholar

^{page 7 note 9} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, pp. 193–7Google Scholar. Clarendon MSS., vol. lx, fos. 418–23. Draft by Bulteale, endorsed by Hyde.

^{page 8 note 1} Ormonde arrived in England 30 Jan. 1657–58 and left 17 or 18 Feb. (Firth, , Last years of the Protectorate (1909), ii. 61, 65Google Scholar; Carte, , Ormonde, iii. 660–7).Google Scholar

^{page 8 note 2} Thomas Belasyse 1st Earl Fauconberg (1627–1700)Google Scholar, parliamentarian; son of Henry Belasyse and grandson of Thomas, 1st Lord Fauconberg, whom he succeeded in 1652. Married in 1657 Mary, daughter of Oliver Cromwell (Thurloe, , S.P., vi. 628Google Scholar); Jan. 1658 member of the Other House; hoped for as intermediary between Charles II and Richard Cromwell and later Monck (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 130, 268, 580Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 8 note 3} Edward Montagu, 2nd earl of Manchester (1602–71), parliamentarian; eldest son of Sir HenryMontagu, 1st earl of Manchester. M.P. for Hunts 1624, 1625, 1626; Nov. 1642 succeeded as 2nd earl; 1643–45 major-general of the associated counties; opposed the trial of the King; approached by Charles II in writing April 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 190Google Scholar); engaged for the rising of 1659 with the presbyterians and in schemes for the restoration in Jan. 1660 (ibid., iv. 235, 522).D.N.B.

^{page 8 note 4} Major-general Sir Richard Browne (d. 1669), London citizen; colonel of London regiment of dragoons in first civil war (Firth, , Regimental history, ii. 584Google Scholar); M.P. for Wycombe, 1647, but expelled by the army Dec. 1648; imprisoned for five years (Burton, Diary, edited Rutt (1828), iv. 264, 276); M.P. for London 1656 and 1659; engaged in plans for effecting the restoration in London with presbyterian aid (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 196, 507Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 8 note 5} Major-general Edward Massey (? 1619–74), parliamentarian, soldier; 5th son of John Massey of Coddington, Cheshire; 1645 general of the western association; M.P. for Gloucester in 1646; Dec. 1648 excluded; imprisoned but escaped abroad and from 1650 served the royalist cause; March 1659 in England negotiating presbyterian aid for securing Bristol and Gloucester (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 166Google Scholar; The Nicholas papers, iv (1920), 74, 97Google Scholar); captured in rising of 1659 but escaped (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 88Google Scholar); Jan. 1660 in England negotiating the restoration of the secluded members (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 543Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 8 note 6} Captain Silius Titus (1623 ?–1704), soldier; son of Silius Titus of Bushey, Herts; parliamentarian in first civil war, but from 1648 supported royal cause; after 1651 in exile; engaged in royalist plotting under the pseudonym ‘John Jennings’. (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 171Google Scholar); 1659 in England engaged with Massey on design for Gloucester (The Nicholas papers, iv. (1920), 74Google Scholar); Jan. 1660 in England. D.N.B.

^{page 8 note 7} Richard Hopton (d. 1696), parliamentarian; 5th son of Sir Richard Hopton, of Canon Frome, Herefordshire; supported the parliament till 1656 when in correspondence with the King (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 107Google Scholar); June 1657 imprisoned (ibid., iii. 311); 1659 engaged with Massey and Titus on the design for Gloucester (The Nicholas papers, iv (1920), 97, 114).Google Scholar

^{page 8 note 8} Major Nicholas Armorer, royalist; probably son of Thomas Armorer of Belford, Northumberland (The Nicholas papers, i (1886)Google Scholar; cup-bearer to Elizabeth of Bohemia; 1654 of the household of Charles II; 1659 engaged on design to secure Shrewsbury (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 129Google Scholar); used in carrying letters from Mordaunt to Hyde and the King (Cal. C.S.P., iv, numerous entries).

^{page 9 note 1} Colonel Alexander Popham (1605–69), parliamentarian; 2nd son of Sir Francis Popham of Houndstreet, Somerset, and Littlecote, Wilts; M.P. for Bath, April, Nov. 1640, 1654; M.P. for Somerset 1656; M.P. for Minehead 1658–59; actively supported the parliamentarian cause 1642–58; member of the Other House 1658 (Ludlow, Memoirs, ii. 31Google Scholar); 1659 alderman of Bristol, approached by Massey and Titus for design on Bristol (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 244Google Scholar); Jan. 1660 in touch with the secluded members (ibid., iv. 614).

^{page 9 note 2} John Grubham Howe, parliamentarian; son of John Howe of Compton Abdale, Gloucestershire; M.P. for Gloucs 1654, 1656, 1659; Sept. 1658 offered service to the King (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 90Google Scholar); approached by Massey for design on Gloucester (The Nicholas papers, iv (1920), 115Google Scholar; C.S.P., iii. 433Google Scholar); imprisoned but released Aug. 1659 (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 103Google Scholar); again engaged by Mordaunt 1659–60.

^{page 9 note 3} Sir Horatio Townshend (1630 ?–87), parliamentarian; 2nd son of Sir Roger Townshend, Bart., of Raynham, Norfolk; M.P. for Norfolk 1656, 1658–59; supported the parliament 1642–59; May 1659 member of the Council of state (Acts and Ord., ii. 1273Google Scholar) but engaged in design for seizing Lynn for the King (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 227Google Scholar); March 1659–60 was supporting the cause of the secluded members (ibid., iv. 592). D.N.B.

^{page 9 note 4} Sir John Wildman (1621–93), parliamentarian soldier and agitator, M.P. for Scarborough 1654 but excluded (Ludlow, , Memoirs, i. 390Google Scholar); imprisoned on suspicion of sedition 1655–56 (ibid., i. 418); from May 1656 engaged in royalist conspiracy (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 139, 391Google Scholar; iv. 98, 172); Dec. 1659 seized Windsor Castle with Colonel Ingoldsby for the parliament (Whitelocke, , Memorials, p. 693Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 9 note 5} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 197Google Scholar. The writer is most probably Colonel Daniel Redman, colonel of a regiment of horse in Ireland. He was the brother-in-law of John Otway, the friend of the royalist agent Dr. John Barwick (Firth, Regimental history, ii. 616Google Scholar). In June 1659 Colonel Redman was in London and in touch with Otway. But his ‘design in Ireland’ had been dropped as impracticable (Barwick, , Life of Dr. John Barwick (1724 edn.), p. 187Google Scholar); Thurloe, , S.P., vii. 686).Google Scholar

^{page 9 note 6} Unidentified.

^{page 10 note 1} Printed in C.S.P., iii. 459–61Google Scholar, dated 2 May 1659, but with the following passages omitted: P. 460, after line 31, ‘I went to Je. Palmer for his advice upon the whole, which hee freely gave, and will do on any occasion. As to the affaire of engagement, wee yet deferre, but all agree we ought to be ready. I beseech you, my lord, let no opportunity pass without writing to me, for I have not had one lyne since these great changes. And it lyes so heavy on me that I need the helps and advantages of all your councells.’ After line 49, ‘with much diligence I have found out Peter Tal(bot) of whose transactions with the duke of Buc(kingham), your lordship shall have a full account when I get a peece of a day free; I finde nothing more usefull now then civill letters from the King to those may serve him, though it may be a trouble to him; pray my lord, beseech him to write some, it being a good bargaine, if he gaines three kingdomes for halfe a score of oblieging letters’. P. 461, line 1: ‘I most humbly desire a letter from the King to my lord marquis Hertford that may create a full confidence in him to mee. My lord, all things considered, wee believe ourselves in the best condition wee have been in these many yeares, which I assure you with great joy, and againe beg speedy dispatches, and those as often as you can send; for tis not possible wee can continue thus, either wee must be forced to rise, or els wee shall be secured.’ The postscript, printed in C.S.P., iii. 461Google Scholar, is not in the Mordaunt MS. The Clarendon MSS., vol. lx, fos. 466–7, is a copy by Henry Hyde. The letter is noted, but not printed, in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 197Google Scholar. In the Mordaunt MS. the names here put into brackets are given merely under initials or in abbreviated form.

^{page 10 note 2} Major Robert Harlow or Harley (the name is spelt variously) (1626–73), parliamentarian: younger son of Sir Robert Harley of Brampton Bryan Castle, Herefordshire; parliamentarian in the civil war, but from 1657 to 1658 engaged in negotiations between the presbyterians and the royalists, for the restoration of the King (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 155, 195Google Scholar); 16 July–14 Sept. 1659 imprisoned (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, pp. 32, 567).Google Scholar

^{page 10 note 3} Sir George Booth (1622–84), parliamentarian; grandson of Sir George Booth, bart., of Dunham Massey, Cheshire, whom lie succeeded in 1652; M.P. for Cheshire 1645, but secluded Dec. 1648; M.P. for Cheshire 1654 and 1656, but excluded in Oct. 1656 by Cromwell (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 189Google Scholar); from 1655 engaged in royalist activities; rose in 1659, but was defeated at Winnington Bridge by Lambert on 19 Aug. 1659; captured at Newport Pagnell, and imprisoned till 22 Feb. 1659–60; returned then with secluded members to parliament (Carte, Ormonde papers, ii. 194–9Google Scholar; Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, pp. 145, 154Google Scholar; Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 245Google Scholar; C.J., vii. 848Google Scholar; Guizot, , Richard Cromwell, ii. 366Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 10 note 4} Major-general John Lambert (1619–84), parliamentarian and soldier; son of Josias Lambert of Calton, Yorks; colonel in the parliamentarian forces 1643–51 (for military career see Firth, Regimental history); Dec. 1653, organized the erection of the protectorate of Oliver Cromwell (Thurloe, , S.P., i. 754Google Scholar) but was dismissed for opposition to the kingship by Cromwell in July 1657 (Firth, , Regimental history, i. 259Google Scholar); M.P. for Pontefract in 1659; reinstated by parliament in commands(Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 71Google Scholar); 19 Aug. 1659 defeated Sir George Booth at Winnington Bridge; 13 Oct. dismissed parliament by force (ibid., ii. 138–9); failed to get support against Monck and was cashiered and imprisoned by restored parliament in 1660 (Cal, C.S.P., iv. 459, 594Google Scholar). D.N.B. and Dawson, , Life and times of General John Lambert (1938).Google Scholar

^{page 10 note 5} Henry Cromwell (1628–74), 4th son of Oliver Cromwell; 1647–52 served in the parlia mentarian army in Ireland (Firth, , Regimental history, i. xxiii, 179Google Scholar); M.P. for Ireland in 1653; July 1655 returned to Ireland (Ramsey, , Henry Cromwell (1937), p. 60Google Scholar); Nov. 1657–15 June 1659 lord lieutenant of Ireland (Thurloe, S.P., vi. 632Google Scholar; vii. 683–4); July 1659 returned to England, retired from politics. D.N.B.

^{page 11 note 1} Sir Geoffrey Palmer (1598–1670), royalist; lawyer, son of Thomas Palmer of Carlton, Northants; M.P. for Stamford Nov. 1640; in 1641 one of the managers of the impeachment of Strafford, but in 1642 joined the King's cause (Clarendon, , Hist., iii. 106Google Scholar; iv. 58; viii. 211); in 1659 engaged for royalist cause, but very dubious about action (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 166).Google Scholar

^{page 11 note 2} Sir Charles Howard, 1st earl of Carlisle (1629–85), parliamentarian; 2nd son of Sir William Howard of Naworth, Cumberland; 1651 captain of Cromwell's life-guards (Firth, , Regimental history, i. 52Google Scholar); M.P. for Westmorland 1653, Cumberland in 1654, 1656; major-general under Lambert of Cumb., Northum., West, in 1655; in 1656 received overtures from the King (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 173Google Scholar); 1658 member of the Other House (Thurloe, , S.P., vi. 668Google Scholar); May 1659 removed from command of garrisons; 26 Aug. 1659 arrested but released on parole (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 150Google Scholar); Sept. 1659 re-arrested (ibid., p. 217) but on 2 Nov. again released; 1661 created earl of Carlisle. D.N.B.

^{page 11 note 3} Peter Talbot (1620–80), son of Sir William Talbot of Carton, Kildare, and brother of Colonel Richard Talbot, Colonel Gilbert Talbot and Father Tom Talbot; 1635 entered Society of Jesus (Foley, Records of the English province of the Society of Jesus (1875–80), vii. 757); from 1654 engaged in unauthorized intrigues on the King's behalf, with Colonel Sexby, John Wildman, and the duke of Buckingham (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 74, 80, 203, 388Google Scholar; iv. 169); June 1659 was dismissed from the Society of Jesus (Foley, , op. cit., vii. 757Google Scholar); in Aug. 1659 at Fuentarabia intriguing with Spain (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 320Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 11 note 4} George Villiers, 2nd duke of Buckingham (1628–87), royalist; served in royal forces in civil war (Clarendon, , Hist., xiii. 47, 58, 72Google Scholar); first in exile, but in Sept. 1657 married Mary, daughter of Lord Fairfax (Bell, Memorials of the civil war from correspondence of the Fairfax family ii (1849), 253Google Scholar); Aug. 1658–23 Feb. 1659 imprisoned in the Tower and in Windsor Castle (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1658–59, pp. 125, 145Google Scholar); intrigued with Father Peter Talbot (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 232Google Scholar); Aug. 1659 arrested but released on security (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, pp. 101–3Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 11 note 5} Colonel Richard Norton, parliamentarian, of Hampshire; colonel of horse in civil war (Firth, , Regimental history, i. 92Google Scholar); May 1659 displaced from command of the garrison of Portsmouth (Firth, , op. cit., ii. 584Google Scholar), involved in royalist negotiations (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 200Google Scholar); 23 Feb. 1659–60 member of council of state (C.J., vii. 849).Google Scholar

^{page 11 note 6} George Joyce, soldier; reputed originally a tailor in London; cornet of horse under Fairfax; in June 1647 removed Charles I from Holmby House to the army (The Clarke papers, i (1891), 118–22Google Scholar); 1650–53 governor of the Isle of Portland (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1650, pp. 206, 293Google Scholar; Cal. C.S.P., ii. 260Google Scholar); Aug. 1659 employed in search for royalists (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, pp. 44, 99Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 11 note 7} William Seymour, 1st marquis, 2nd earl of Hertford, and 2nd duke of Somerset (1588–1660), royalist; 2nd son of Edward Seymour, Lord Beauchamp; 1640 marquis of Hertford; served Charles I as commander of his western army, as groom of the stool, and at his burial (Clarendon, Hist., v. 385Google Scholar; vii. 247; xi. 244); implicated in the rising of 1655 (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 29Google Scholar) and in 1659, but too old to take action (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 202Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 11 note 8} Printed in C.S.P., iii. 463–5Google Scholar, except for three passages which are printed in Hist. MSS.Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, pp. 197–8Google Scholar; Clarendon MSS., vol. lx, fos. 437–41. Draft by Bulteale.

^{page 12 note 1} Mr. Brown and Mr. Newman are pseudonyms for Mordaunt (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 176).Google Scholar

^{page 12 note 2} John Thurloe (1616–68), secretary of state; son of Thomas. Thurloe, rector of Abbot's Roding, Essex; March 1652 appointed secretary of state and entrusted with the intelligence service; May 1655 given control of the posts (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1651–52, p. 198Google Scholar; 1655, p. 138); M.P. for Ely 1654, 1656, for Cambridge 1659; May 1659 lost his office but was restored to it 27 Feb. 1659–60 (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1658–9, p. 357Google Scholar; C.S.P., iii. 701Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 12 note 3} Sir Alan Brodrick, royalist, 2nd son of St. John Brodrick, kinsman to Mordaunt (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 222Google Scholar) and to Edward Villiers (ibid., iv. 157); engaged in royalist designs from 1656 (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 239Google Scholar); used the pseudonym ‘Hancock’ in letters to Hyde (ibid.); member of the Sealed Knot (C.S.P., iii. 466Google Scholar); 31 July–2 Nov. imprisoned in the Tower (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 59Google Scholar; (C.S.P., iii. 597Google Scholar); maintained belief in Willis (C.S.P., iii. 562–4, 605).Google Scholar

^{page 12 note 4} Humphrey Henchman (1592–1675), divine; 3rd son of Thomas Henchman, skinner, of London, but born at Barton Seagrove, Northants; deprived canon residentiary of Salisbury (Walker, , Sufferings of the clergy (1714), ii. 264Google Scholar); April 1659 settled in Mordaunt's house (C.S.P., iii. 490Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 12 note 5} Sir Edward Nicholas (1593–1669), secretary of state; eldest son of John Nicholas of Winterbourne Earls, Wilts; Nov. 1641 knighted and appointed secretary of state; from 1646 to the restoration in exile; 1651–54 at the Hague; Oct. 1654 re-appointed secretary of state and accompanied Charles II to Cologne; April 1656 at Bruges; 1658 to the restoration, at Brussels (The Nicholas papers (1888–1920)). D.N.B.

^{page 12 note 6} Thomas 3rd Lord Fairfax (1612–72), parliamentarian general; son of 2nd Lord Fairfax of Denton, Yorks; 17 Feb. 1645 appointed commander-in-chief of the New Model army (Firth, , Regimental history, i. xviiGoogle Scholar); 12 July 1650 resigned command through disaroval of the war with Scotland; (Johnson, , The Fairfax correspondence (1848)Google Scholar, i. cv); M.P. for Yorks, 1654, 1659; May 1659 elected to council of state but did not sit. From Nov. 1659 in negotiation with Monck and assisted his march into England (Baker, Chronicle, pp. 585–7, 594Google Scholar; Bell, , Memorials of the civil war (1849), ii. 151 et seq.)Google Scholar. D.N.B.

^{page 12 note 7} 28 April/8 May 1659 France signed an armistice with Spain (Thurloe, , S.P., vii. 668Google Scholar); the Peace of the Pyrenees was not signed till 28 Oct./7 Nov. 1659 (Chéruel, Histoire de France sous le ministère de Mazarin (1882), iii. 254).

^{page 13 note 1} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, pp. 198–200Google Scholar. Clarendon MSS., vol. lx, fos. 496–8. Draft by Bulteale, endorsed by Hyde.

^{page 13 note 2} 24 April 1659 all Papists and cavaliers were banished 20 miles from London (Whitelocke, , Memorials, p. 678).Google Scholar

^{page 13 note 3} 22 April 1659 Massey to Nicholas (The Nicholas papers, iv (1920), 114–18).Google Scholar

^{page 13 note 4} Printed in C.S.P., iii. 471–2Google Scholar, under date 16 May 1659, and title, ‘The King to his friends’. Noted but not printed in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 200Google Scholar. Clarendon MSS., vol. lx, fos. 488–9. Draft by Hyde.

^{page 13 note 5} By the treaty of 12 April 1656 with Charles II, Philip IV of Spain agreed to provide him with 4000 foot and 2000 horse, when a port for disembarkation in England had been secured, and enough money for the undertaking (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 110).Google Scholar

^{page 13 note 6} Printed with omission of three passages in C.S.P., iii. 475–6Google Scholar. For the omitted paragraphs see Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 200Google Scholar. Clarendon MSS., vol. lx, fos. 533–4. Draft, chiefly in Hyde's hand.

^{page 13 note 7} Townshend agreed to raise the county of Norfolk, if Lynn were secured (Cal. C.S.P.,iv. 205Google Scholar).

^{page 14 note 1} Colonel Robert Venables (1612 ?–87), soldier; son of Robert Venables of Antrobus, Cheshire; colonel of Irish foot (Firth, , Regimental history, ii. 666–8Google Scholar); commanded the unsuccessful expedition to Hispaniola in 1655 (Narrative of General Venables, edited Firth, R. Hist. Soc., Camden 3 ser., 1900); imprisoned and deprived of command on return (Cal, S.P. Dom., 1655, p. 327Google Scholar); June 1659 received a letter from the King through John Barwick (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 242Google Scholar); 25 Feb. 1659–60 governor of Chester (Barwick, Life of Dr. John Barwick (1724 edn.)). D.N.B.

^{page 14 note 2} Henry Jermyn, earl of St. Albans (d. 1684), royalist; 2nd son of Sir Thomas Jermyn of Rushbrooke, Suffolk; M.P. for Corfe Castle April and Nov. 1640; master of the horse to Queen Henrietta Maria, and in 1644 accompanied her to France; 1653 lord chamberlain and privy councillor (The Nicholas papers, ii. (1892), 18Google Scholar); acted as intermediary between the King and Cardinal Mazarin (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 490Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 14 note 3} Sir Henry Jones, possibly the ‘Henry Jones’ wounded at the battle of the Dunes, and described as ‘a volunteer of Oxfordshire’ on the King's side (Thurloe, S.P., vii. 156); Jan. 1658–9 arrested on suspicion but discharged (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1658–59, pp. 281, 582Google Scholar); March 1659 declared for the King; in touch with Richard Cromwell (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 225).Google Scholar

^{page 14 note 4} Basil Feilding, 2nd earl of Denbigh (c. 1608–75), parliamentarian; eldest son of William Feilding, 1st earl of Denbigh; 1649–51 member of the council of state, approached in 1658 and in 1659 by Will. Legge in a design for seizing Coventry (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 20Google Scholar; C.S.P., iii. 476Google Scholar), D.N.B.

^{page 14 note 5} Printed in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, pp. 200–1. Clarendon MSS., vol. lxi. fos. 57–8. Copy by Henry Hyde endorsed by him, ‘M. Mor. and M. Rumball’.

^{page 14 note 6} The fleet under General Montagu left for the Sound in March 1659 (Guizot, , Richard Cromwell, i. 347Google Scholar); it returned at the end of Aug. 1659 (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 163).Google Scholar

^{page 14 note 7} Vice-admiral Sir John Lawson (d. 1665), parliamentarian; native of Scarborough; served in parliamentarian fleet from 1642; 1655–56 vice-admiral with Blake off Cadiz; strong Anabaptist and republican; May 1659 re-appointed vice-admiral of the fleet (Ludlow, Memoirs, ii. 92); July 1659 summoned to the Downs to watch the coast of Flanders (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, pp. 52, 101); 13 Dec. 1659 declared for the restoration of parliament and entered the Thames (Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 180Google Scholar; Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 298Google Scholar); 24 March 1659–60 reported as pledged to obey the directions of Montagu (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 618Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 15 note 1} 25 May 1659 Richard Cromwell submitted to the parliament (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1658–59, p. 356Google Scholar); Henry Cromwell resigned his office as lord lieutenant of Ireland 15 June 1659 (Thurloe, S.P., vii. 683).Google Scholar

^{page 15 note 2} Robert Bruce, 2nd earl of Elgin and 1st earl of Ailesbury (d. 1685), only son of Thomas lord Bruce, 1st earl of Elgin, whom he succeeded in 1663; May 1659 in touch with Sir George Booth, but did not rise in Aug. 1659 (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 195Google Scholar); arrested but released on security in Aug. 1659 (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 112Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 15 note 3} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, pp. 202–4Google Scholar. Extracts only printed in C.S.P., iii. 480–1Google Scholar. Clarendon MSS., vol. lxi, fos. 26–9. Draft by Bulteale endorsed by Hyde.

^{page 15 note 4} In the Clarendon MS. ‘Major-general Browne’.

^{page 15 note 5} Heneage Finch, 2nd earl of Winchelsea (d. 1689), royalist; son of Thomas 1st earl of Winchelsea; supported the King in the civil war; in 1655 involved in plans for the rising in Kent (Thurloe, S.P., iii. 330Google Scholar); again involved for Kent in 1659 and arrested, but released on security 21 Sept. 1659 (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, pp. 213, 218Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 15 note 6} In the Clarendon MS., ‘Mr. Wright’, Rumbold's pseudonym.

^{page 15 note 7} — Beverley, lawyer of Lincoln's Inn (Baker, , Chronicle, p. 572Google Scholar), his Christian name not ascertained; he was probably one of the three sons, James, Thomas and Robert Beverley, of James Beverley of Eaton Socon, Beds, all of whom were members of Lincoln's Inn (Records of Lincoln's Inn, vol. i. Admissions from 1420 to 1799 (1896), 205, 211); in May 1659 Beverley was in touch with Mordaunt and Andrew Newport (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 200Google Scholar) and in July was trying to secure a meeting between Major-general Browne and Captain Titus (Baker, , Chronicle, p. 572).Google Scholar

^{page 16 note 1} Thomas Wriothesley, 4th earl of Southampton (1607–67), 2nd but eldest surviving son of Henry Wriothesley, 3rd earl of Southampton; from 1641 supported Charles I and attended his burial (Clarendon, Hist., xi. 244); imprisoned for refusing to give security in 1655 (Thurloe, , S.P., iv. 234Google Scholar); sent the King supplies during the exile (Burnet, , History of my own time, edited Airey (1897), i. 170Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 16 note 2} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 201.

^{page 16 note 3} Dr. Richard Allestree (1619–81), royalist divine; son of Robert Allestree of Uppington, Salop; served in the King's army before taking orders; expelled from the University of Oxford for royalism; chaplain to the Hon. Francis Newport; in 1659 carried letters between Dr. Barwick and Hyde (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 135, 168Google Scholar); also in touch with Brodrick and Rumbold (ibid., iv. 212); Jan. to March 1659–60 imprisoned in Lambeth palace (ibid., iv. 523, 581). D.N.B.

^{page 16 note 4} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 204.

^{page 16 note 5} Person and place unidentified.

^{page 16 note 6} Unidentified, possibly a pseudonym.

^{page 16 note 7} Brodrick; Mordaunt repeats this complaint in a letter to Hyde of 7 June 1659 (C.S.P., iii. 483).

^{page 16 note 8} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, pp. 205–6Google Scholar. Clarendon MSS., vol. lxi, fos. 55–6. Draft, part by Bulteale, part holograph.

^{page 16 note 9} John Cooper (d. 1672), royalist; 2nd son of Sir Roger Cooper of Thurgarton, Notts (Thoroton, , Antiquities of Nottinghamshire (1677), iii. 59Google Scholar); from 1655 engaged in royalist conspiracy; for three years imprisoned (Thurloe, , S.P., iii. 229Google Scholar; iv. 484; Cal. S.P. Dom., .1658–59, p. 178Google Scholar); used the pseudonyms ‘Mr. Crinson’, ‘Jo Roberts’, ‘Jo. Collins’, ‘Jo. Thornton’ in letters to Hyde (Cat. C.S.P., iv. 193, 220, 410, 430Google Scholar); on bad terms with Mordaunt (C.S.P., iii. 688).Google Scholar

^{page 17 note 1} See on Talbot's intrigues, Guizot, Richard Cromwell, i. 397, 404.Google Scholar

^{page 17 note 2} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, pp. 206–7Google Scholar, as addressed to (Secretary Nicholas); the reference to Mordaunt's patent for the viscounty makes this probable.

^{page 17 note 3} 6 June 1659 (C.J., vii. 673).Google Scholar

^{page 17 note 4} 7 June the house voted that the government of Ireland should be intrusted to five commissioners, and recalled Henry Cromwell (C.J., vii. 674, 678).Google Scholar

^{page 17 note 5} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, pp. 207–8.Google Scholar

^{page 17 note 6} Christiana, Countess of Devonshire (1595–1675), daughter of Edward Bruce, 1st Lord Kinloss, married William Cavendish, and earl of Devonshire, who died in 1628 (The Complete Peerage, iv (1916), 340–1).Google Scholar

^{page 17 note 7} Major-general Thomas Harrison (1606–60), regicide; son of a butcher or grazier of New-castle-under-Lyme, Staffs.; 1643–47 major in Fleetwood's regiment of horse (Firth, Regimental history, i. 91Google Scholar), supported the army against the parliament, and was a regicide; April 1653 urged the expulsion of the Rump (Ludlow, Memoirs, i. 346Google Scholar); a republican and Fifth Monarchist, was 1655–56 imprisoned by Cromwell (ibid., i. 380); in 1659 had considerable influence in the army; 13 Oct. 1660 executed as a regicide. D.N.B.

^{page 18 note 1} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 210.Google Scholar

Sir Robert Howard (1628–98), royalist and dramatist; 6th son of Thomas Howard, 1st earl of Berkshire; imprisoned in Windsor Castle for royalism under the Commonwealth. D.N.B.

^{page 18 note 2} The letter is from Mordaunt to the King, 6 June 1659. It is in Clarendon MSS., vol. lxi, fos. 110–11, in deciphered cipher. In the Mordaunt MS. names are generally only indicated by initials; brackets indicate where this is so. Printed in C.S.P., iii. 482–3Google Scholar, headed ‘Mr. Mordaunt to the King’, with the opening sentence missing in the Mordaunt MS.

^{page 18 note 3} Sir John Boys (1607–64), royalist; eldest son of Edward Boys of Bonnington, Kent; defended Donnington Castle 1644 (Clarendon, , Hist., viii. 113, 152Google Scholar); 1656 in touch with the King (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 112Google Scholar); 1658–Feb. 1659–60 imprisoned in Dover Castle (Thurloe, , S.P., vii. 306Google Scholar); engaged for rising in Kent in 1659–60 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 233, 235, 549Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 18 note 4} Unidentified.

^{page 18 note 5} Colonel Edward Rossiter (1617–69), parliamentarian; son of Richard Rossiter of Somerby, Lines.; colonel of Lincolnshire regiment of horse 1644–47 (Firth, , Regimental history, i. 163Google Scholar et seq.); lost his command in 1647 owing to presbyterian opinions; c. 1646 M.P. for Grimsby; engaged with. Sir William Waller and other presbyterians for the rising of 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 157Google Scholar); 23 Feb. 1659–60 member of the council of state (Firth, , op. cit., i. 174Google Scholar); March 1660 governor of Hull (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 594Google Scholar).

^{page 18 note 6} Sir James Whitelocke (1631–1701), parliamentarian; eldest son of Bulstrode Whitelocke, commissioner of the Great Seal; served in Cromwell's life-guard in Ireland, and was knighted by Cromwell in 1657; in June 1659 was in command of the garrison of Lynn (Firth, , Regimental history, i. 98Google Scholar); M.P. Aylesbury 1659. D.N.B.

^{page 18 note 7} Aubrey de Vere, 20th earl of Oxford (1626–1703), royalist; eldest son of Robert de Vere, 19th earl of Oxford; had his estates sequestrated for royalism in 1651, and was imprisoned in 1654; engaged in royalist intrigues in 1656–57 (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 373Google Scholar); was engaged for the rising of 1659, but did not rise (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 235, 369Google Scholar); arrested in Aug. 1659, sent to the Tower but released on security in Sept. 1659 (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, pp. 112, 229Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 19 note 1} Charles Rich, 4th earl of Warwick (d. 1673), 2nd son of Robert Rich, 2nd earl of Warwick; succeeded to the earldom in May 1659 on the death of his brother Robert, the 3rd earl; engaged for Essex in the rising of 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 329Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 19 note 2} William Lord Maynard of Estaines, also Baron Maynard of Wicklow (1623–99), parliamentarian; opposed to the trial of Charles I; imprisoned in 1655 (C.S.P., iii. 79Google Scholar); engaged in 1659 for the rising in Norfolk and the design to secure Yarmouth (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 227Google Scholar; The Complete Peerage, viii. 600–1).Google Scholar

^{page 19 note 3} Sir Henry Wroth (d. 1671), royalist; 2nd son of Henry Wroth of Woodbury, Herts; knighted at Oxford 15 Sept. 1645; compounded for delinquency, described as ‘gentleman pensioner to the King’, of Durance, Middlesex (Cal. Committee for Compounding, part ii, 1567Google Scholar); engaged for the rising of 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 235Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 19 note 4} Philip Stanhope, 2nd earl of Chesterfield (1633–1713), royalist; son of Sir Henry Stanhope, and grandson of Philip 1st earl of Chesterfield; educated in Holland but returned to England in 1652; succeeded to earldom in 1656; engaged for the rising of 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 288Google Scholar); Sept. 1659 committed to the Tower on suspicion of complicity in the rising, but released on security (Cal. C.P. Dom., 1659–60, pp. 164, 240Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 19 note 5} James Campton, 3rd earl of Northampton (1622–81), royalist; eldest son of Spencer Compton, 2nd earl of Northampton of Compton Wynyates, Warwickshire: succeeded to earldom 1643; imprisoned for refusing to pay the decimation in 1656 (The Nicholas papers, iii. 252); engaged for the rising of 1659, but did not rise (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 270Google Scholar; Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 227Google Scholar); imprisoned in the Tower, Sept. 1659 (ibid.).

^{page 19 note 6} Sir Henry Lingen (1612–62), royalist; eldest son of Edward Lingen of Sutton Frene, Herefordshire; fought in the royal cause in the first and second civil wars in Herefordshire (Webb, , Memorials of the civil war in Herefordshire (1879), i. 300Google Scholar); D.N.B.

^{page 19 note 7} Thomas Windsor, 7th Baron Windsor of Stanwell and 1st earl of Plymouth (1627 ?–87), royalist; son of Dixie Hickman of Kew and nephew of the 6th Baron Windsor of Stanwell; compounded for his estate, 1646, and in 1651 had to give security for good behaviour (Willis Bund, The civil war in Worcestershire (1905), p. 182Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 19 note 8} Sir Ralph Clare (1587–1670), royalist; eldest son of Sir Francis Clare of Caldwell, Worcestershire; took part in the defence of Worcester in the civil war (Willis Bund, op. cit., pp. 188–90); opposed to Richard Baxter in Kidderminster (Richard Baxter, Autobiography, ed. Lloyd Thomas (1926), pp. 83, 159). D.N.B.

^{page 19 note 9} Sir Charles Lyttleton (1629–1716), royalist; younger son of Sir Thomas Lyttleton of Franckley, Worcestershire; fought at Colchester 1648; imprisoned but escaped abroad and became cup-bearer to Charles II (Nash, Collections for the history of Worcestershire (1781), i. 50); engaged for Shrewsbury for the rising of 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 236Google Scholar); Sept. escaped to Calais (ibid., iv. 389); closely engaged with Mordaunt, 1659–60. D.N.B.

^{page 19 note 10} Colonel Samuel Sandys, royalist, of Ombersley, Worcestershire; governor of Evesham and Worcester in the first civil war, engaged in the defence of Worcester and Hartlebury Castle (Willis Bund, op. cit., pp. 26, 182); compounded for estate in 1646, but not finally discharged from sequestration till 1652 (Cal. Committee for Compounding, ii. 1296).Google Scholar

^{page 19 note 11} Sir Thomas Pope, 2nd earl of Downe (1622–60), eldest son of Sir William Pope, and grandson of Sir William Pope, 1st earl of Downe, whom he succeeded in 1631; supported the King in the first civil war; after the discharge of his estate, Wilcote, Oxon, from sequestration in 1651, travelled abroad (Cal. Committee for Compounding, ii. 934Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 20 note 1} Printed in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 209Google Scholar, except the ending, ‘I have no more to add but that I am very faithfully, Sir, your most affectionate humble servant, Ed. Hide.’ The second half of the letter, beginning ‘It is indeed great pity’, is printed in C.S.P., iii. 487–8Google Scholar. Clarendon MSS., vol. lxi, fos. 81–2. Draft by Bulteale, endorsed by Hyde.

^{page 20 note 2} Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st earl of Shaftesbury (1621–83), politician, eldest son of John Cooper of Rockbourne, Hants; M.P. for Tewkesbury April 1640; returned on disputed election for Downton, Wilts, in Nov. 1640; took first royalist, then parliamentarian side in the civil war; M.P. for Wiltshire 1653 (July) and 1654; member of the council of state but did not sit after Dec. 1654; M.P. for Wiltshire 1656 but excluded; sat for Wiltshire in Jan. 1658 and in 1659; reported as engaged for the rising of 1659 (C.S.P., iii. 478Google Scholar) but did not rise; suspected of complicity but exonerated (Cat. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, pp. 143, 194Google Scholar); Nov.–Dec. 1659 intriguing to restore the Rump (Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 205Google Scholar); engaged in the restoration of the secluded members and of the King (Baker, , Chronicle, pp. 600, 614Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 20 note 3} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 210.Google Scholar

^{page 20 note 4} Henry Cromwell resigned his office on 15 June 1659 (Thurloe, S.P., vii. 683).

^{page 20 note 5} Printed in C.S.P., iii. 498–9. Noted but not printed in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 210. Clarendon MSS., vol. lxi, fos. 150–1. Draft by Hyde.

^{page 21 note 1} Cardinal Mazarin (1602–61).

^{page 21 note 2} Don Luis de Haro, chief minister of Philip IV from 1643 till his death in 1661.

^{page 21 note 3} For the condition of the King's troops in Flanders, see Firth, ‘Royalist and Cromwellian armies in Flanders, 1657–62’, Trans. R. Hist. Soc., vol. xvii (1903), pp. 97–100.Google Scholar

^{page 21 note 4} Printed but without the postscript in C.S.P., iii. 495–6Google Scholar. The postscript alone is printed in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 210. Clarendon MSS., vol. lxi, fos. 158–9. Draft by Bulteale.

^{page 21 note 5} Sir Edward Vittiers (1620–89), royalist; 4th son of Sir Edward Villiers, president of Munster; colonel in royalist forces in the first civil war (Warburton, , Memoirs of Prince Rupert and the Cavaliers (1849), ii. 424Google Scholar); from 1654 engaged in royalist correspondence under the pseudonym ‘Fitch’ (Cal. C.S.P., ii. 440Google Scholar; iii. 212); cousin of Brodrick (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 149Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 21 note 6} Written to Hyde, 16 June 1659, Clarendon MSS., vol. lxi, fos. 204–5; printed in full in C.S.P., iii. 489–90, noted but not printed in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 209. The original is in deciphered cipher. In the Mordaunt MS. proper names are indicated by numerical cipher, or by initials, often transposed.

^{page 21 note 7} William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele (1582–1662), parliamentarian, supported the opposition to Charles I in the long parliament and in the civil war in Oxfordshire (Clarendon, , Hist., iii. 26Google Scholar; vi. 409–10; vii. 375); one of the commissioners for the treaty of Newport (ibid., xi. 155); invited but refused to sit in Cromwell's ‘Other House’; in 1658 described as favourable to the restoration of the King, but only on the terms of the Isle of Wight articles (C.S.P., iii. 392Google Scholar); approached for the rising of 1659 but did not rise (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 388); sat in the convention parliament. D.N.B.Google Scholar

^{page 22 note 1} John Lord Robartes, 1st earl of Radnor (1606–85), parliamentarian; eldest son of Richard Baron Robartes of Truro, whom he succeeded in 1634; led the parliamentarian cause in Cornwall and Devon 1642–48 (Coate, , Cornwall in the great civil war, 1933Google Scholar); opposed to the trial of the King and obliged in 1650 to live in Essex under security for good behaviour (ibid., p. 254); approached by royalists in 1659, but did not rise. D.N.B.

^{page 22 note 2} Sir Richard Fanshawe (1606–66), royalist; 5th son of Sir Henry Fanshawe of Ware Park, Herts; 1644 secretary of war to the Prince of Wales; 1650 in Madrid (Cal. C.S.P., ii. 51, 92Google Scholar); fought at Worcester and in 1651 imprisoned; 1652–58 lived in retirement in England; from April 1659 was in Paris, appointed Latin secretary and a master of requests (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 230Google Scholar). D.N.B.

Sir Thomas Fanshawe, 1st Viscount Fanshawe of Dromore (1596–1665), elder brother of Sir Richard Fanshawe; M.P. for Hertford 1624, 1625, for Lancaster 1625–26, 1627–28, for Hertford Nov. 1640; fought on King's side in first civil war; 1649 compounded for delinquency (Cal. Committee for Compounding, iii. 1864); arrested Sept. 1659 on suspicion of complicity in the rising but discharged (ibid.). D.N.B.

^{page 22 note 3} Henry Carey, 4th Viscount Falkland (1634–63), 2nd son of Lucius Carey, 2nd viscount, succeeded on the death of his brother in 1649; M.P. for Oxon 1659; March 1659 actively engaged for the rising of 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 166); responsible for the design on Warwick Castle (ibid., p. 209); Aug. 1659 committed to the Tower on suspicion (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, pp. 105, 242Google Scholar). (The Complete Peerage, v (1926), 241.)Google Scholar

^{page 22 note 4} John Talbot (A. 1677), royalist; son of Sherrington Talbot, of Salwarpe, Worcestershire; M.P. for Worcestershire 1658–59 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 134, 141); engaged for the design on Bristol, Gloucester and Warwick Castle (ibid., pp. 209, 280); Aug. 1659 arrested but released on security (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, pp. 77, 137).Google Scholar

^{page 22 note 5} Sir Chichester Wrey (c. 1629–68), royalist; son of Sir William Wrey, bart., of Trebigh House, St. Ives, Cornwall; fought in the civil war in the west in royal forces and from 1650 engaged in royalist designs in the west with Sir John Grenville (Coate, , Cornwall in the great civil war (1933), pp. 64, 256Google Scholar; Cal. C.S.P., iv. 235).Google Scholar

^{page 22 note 6} Robert Rolle, parliamentarian; son of Robert Rolle of Heanton, Devon; supported the parliamentary cause in Devon from 1647; M.P. for Devonshire 1654, 1656, 1658–59; approached by royalists and presbyterians for the rising of 1659, but did not join actively (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 276Google Scholar); Jan. 1659–60 member of the council of state (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 307Google Scholar); engaged in the Devonshire address to Monck for the re-admission of the secluded members Jan. 1659–60 (The Clarke papers, iv. 258Google Scholar; Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 330).Google Scholar

^{page 22 note 7} Sir John Northcote (1599–1676), parliamentarian; son of John Northcote of Hayne, Devon; M.P. for Ashburton Nov. 1640; for Devon, 1654, 1656, 1658–59; excluded Dec. 1648; supported the parliamentary cause in Devon from 1640; engaged by presbyterians and royalists for the rising in 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 236Google Scholar); involved in tumults in Exeter, Feb. 1659–60, against the Rump, and arrested (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 366Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 22 note 8} Hugh Boscawen (1625–1701), parliamentarian; and son of Hugh Boscawen of Tregothnan, Cornwall; M.P. for Cornwall 1646; secluded Dec. 1648; M.P. Cornwall 1658–59; involved in the presbyterian and royalist designs of 1659 (C.S.P., iii. 489–90Google Scholar); supported the expulsion of soldiers from Exeter and the securing Pendennis Castle from sectaries Jan. 1659–60 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 511, 525).

^{page 23 note 1} Richard 2nd Lord Byron (1605–79), royalist; and son of Sir John Byron of Newstead Abbey, Notts; succeeded his brother the 1st Lord Byron in 1652; governor of Newark 1643–44 (Wood, Nottinghamshire in the civil war (1937), p. 55Google Scholar); imprisoned in 1655 (The Nicholas papers, ii (1892), 336)Google Scholar; rose, but ineffectively, in Aug. 1659 in Sherwood Forest (Wood, , op. cit., pp. 176–8). D.N.B.Google Scholar

^{page 23 note 2} John Stanhope of Derbyshire, royalist; 1657–58 engaged by Rumbold for a rising in Derbyshire or Staffs (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 21Google Scholar); estate secured in Sept. 1659 on suspicion of complicity in the rising (Cal. Committee for Compounding, v. 3249).Google Scholar

^{page 23 note 3} John Freschville, royalist, of Staveley, Derbyshire; colonel in royal forces (Thurloe, , S.P., iv. 509Google Scholar); regarded as disaffected in 1655–56 (ibid.); engaged by Mordaunt for the rising of 1659 (C.S.P., iii. 490).Google Scholar

^{page 23 note 4} Edward Vernon, royalist; son of Sir Edward Vernon of Sudbury, Derbyshire; colonel of horse in the royal army; compounded in 1646 (Cal. Committee for Compounding, ii. 1373Google Scholar); engaged 658 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 21Google Scholar) and 1659 for the rising in Staffs and Derbyshire (C.S.P., iii. 490Google Scholar).

^{page 23 note 5} Sir John Mounson (1600–83), royalist; son of Sir Thomas Mounson, baronet; M.P. for Lincoln 1625, for Lincolnshire 1626; succeeded his father 1641; 1642–46 in Oxford; Dec. 1655 imprisoned for refusing to pay decimation and imprisoned at home till Jan. 1656–57 (The Nicholas papers, iii (1897), 215Google Scholar); June 1659 engaged for Lincolnshire (C.S.P., iii. 490Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 23 note 6} George Saunderson, 5th Viscount Castleton (1631–1714), royalist, of Granthorp, Lincoln shire; compounded in 1646 (Cal. Committee for Compounding, ii. 1151Google Scholar); succeeded his brother as viscount in 1650 (The Complete Peerage, iii (1913), 100Google Scholar); engaged but did not rise effectively in 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 418Google Scholar); Sept. 1659 imprisoned (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 217).Google Scholar

^{page 23 note 7} Sir Henry Vane (1613–62), diplomatist and republican; eldest son of Sir Henry Vane, secretary of state; 1640 knighted; M.P. for Hull, April and Nov. 1640; one of the commissioners for the parliament in the treaty with the Scots in 1643, at Uxbridge (1645) and at Newport (1648); took no part in the trial of the King; was a member of the council of state under the commonwealth, but opposed the protectorate; imprisoned Sept. to Dec. 1656 (Ludlow, Memoirs, ii. 16); M.P. for Whitchurch 1658–59; led the commonwealth party in opposition (Burton, , Diary, edited Rutt (1828), iv. 305, 339Google Scholar); fifth-monarchist in religion; 13 Oct. to 26 Dec. 1659 endeavoured to form a government (Ludlow, Memoirs, ii. 149, 181Google Scholar); expelled and imprisoned by the parliament, Jan.–Feb. 1659–60 (ibid., ii. 201; Cal. C.S.P., iv. 544Google Scholar); executed 14 June 1662. D.N.B.

^{page 23 note 8} Colonel William Tyringham, royalist; brother of Sir John Tyringham of Tyringham, Bucks; compounded in 1645 (Cal. Committee for Compounding, ii. 935Google Scholar); from 1657 engaged in royalist designs (Thurloe, S.P., vi. 569Google Scholar); July 1658 arrested but released (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1658–59, p. 93Google Scholar); engaged for Bucks, in the rising of 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 310Google Scholar); arrested Aug. 1659 (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 125).Google Scholar

^{page 23 note 9} John Dawson, royalist, of Westenhanger, Kent; 1651 compounded (Cal. Committee for Compounding, i. 461Google Scholar); engaged for the rising of 1659 (C.S.P., iii. 490Google Scholar); escaped to Calais Sept. 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 358Google Scholar); engaged for Kent in Dec. 1659 (ibid., iv. 480).

^{page 23 note 1} 0 Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 210.

^{page 24 note 1} John Penruddock (1619–55), royalist; eldest son of Sir John Penruddock of Compton Chamberlayne, Wilts; rose in rebellion at Salisbury, March 1655; tried and executed for treason at Exeter 9 May 1655 (Ludlow, Memoirs, i. 403–5Google Scholar; Thurloe, , S.P., iii. 237, 263, 394Google Scholar); Firth, , ‘Cromwell and the insurrection of 1655’, E.H.R. (04 1888). D.N.B.Google Scholar

^{page 24 note 2} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 211. Clarendon MSS., vol. lxi, fos. 391–2; 6 July, printed in C.S.P., iii. 516, is a different letter from Mordaunt to the King.

^{page 24 note 3} Colonel Richard Arundell (d. 1687), royalist; 1st Baron Arundell of Trerice; 2nd son of Sir John Arundell of Trerice; M.P. for Lostwithiel April and Nov. 1640; fought in royalist forces in Cornwall and in the defence of Pendennis (Coate, Cornwall in the great civil war (1933), p. 238Google Scholar); estates sequestrated for seven years (Cal. Committee for Compounding, i. 117Google Scholar; iii. 2237–8); engaged in royalist conspiracy in the west from 1650 (Thurloe, S.P., iii. 457Google Scholar; Coate, , op. cit., p. 255Google Scholar); engaged under pseudonym ‘Mr. Trigg’ in correspondence with Grenville and Hyde for a rising in the west in 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 258Google Scholar) but did not rise; again engaged, Jan. 1659–60. D.N.B.

^{page 24 note 1} Sir Charles Wolseley (1630 p. 17I4), parliamentarian; son of Sir Robert Wolseley of Wolseley, Staffs; M.P. for Oxon 1653, for Staffs 1654, 1656, 1660; member of the council of state and of the Other House (Ludlow, Memoirs, i. 371Google Scholar; Whitelocke, , Memorials of the English affairs, p. 665). D.N.B.Google Scholar

^{page 24 note 5} Unidentified.

^{page 24 note 6} John Mordaunt went to Brussels to see the King after 23 June 1659 (C.S.P., iii. 511Google Scholar); he returned with Titus before 6 July.

^{page 24 note 7} Marshal Turenne's offer to assist the duke of York with men and money for transportation to England was made in Aug. 1659 (Carte, , Ormonde, iii. 683–4).Google Scholar

^{page 24 note 8} In June occurred a mutiny for want of pay of the English garrison in Dunkirk (The Clarke papers, iv (1901), 282).Google Scholar

^{page 25 note 1} Printed in full in C.S.P., iii. 518–19Google Scholar. Clarendon MSS., vol. lxi, fos. 393–4, chiefly deciphered cipher. Noted but not printed in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 212.

^{page 25 note 2} The King had arranged to set out for England on Monday, 11/21 July. Hartgill Baron's brother, John Baron, left Calais for Brussels on 9/19 July with Mordaunt's letter to stop the King from coming, in view of the changed situation in England. Hartgill Baron followed and met his brother 10/20 July near Calais. (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 267, 269.)Google Scholar

^{page 25 note 3} Printed in full in C.S.P., iii. 519–20, under the title, ‘The King to Mr. Mordaunt’. Clarendon MSS., vol. lxi, fo. 340. Draft by Hyde endorsed by him, ‘The King to Mr. Mor’. Dated 29 June/9 July. Noted but not printed in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 212.

^{page 25 note 4} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, pp. 212–13. 10 JulY 1659 John Mordaunt was created Baron Mordaunt of Reigate in Surrey, and Viscount Mordaunt of Avalon in Somerset.

^{page 25 note 5} 13 May 1659. The restored parliament appointed seven commissioners for the nomination of officers and numerous changes in commands were made (The Clarke papers, iv (1901), 21Google Scholar; Cal. S.P. Dom., 1658–59, 06 1659).Google Scholar

^{page 26 note 1} Printed in full and with a postscript not in the Mordaunt MS. in C.S.P., iii, 524–5Google Scholar. Clarendon MSS., vol. lxii, fos. 63–4, in deciphered cipher, endorsed by H. Hyde. Noted but not printed in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 214.

^{page 26 note 3} 9 July 1659.

^{page 26 note 3} 1 Aug. 1659.

^{page 26 note 4} Andrew Newport.

^{page 26 note 5} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 214. There it is described as ‘(Sir Edward Hyde) to John Mordaunt’. The letter is probably from Hyde to Mordaunt. ‘R. W.’ is almost certainly William Rumbold, who, in a letter of 24 June, and another of 1 July, to Hyde, refers to Mordaunt's journey to the King, and to the sending of bills of exchange to Hyde (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 248, 257).Google Scholar

^{page 26 note 6} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 214.

^{page 26 note 7} Brodrick in his letter to Hyde of 16 July alludes to the desire of Sir Richard Willis and the presbyterians to postpone the rising (C.S.P., iii. 526–8).Google Scholar

^{page 26 note 8} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 214.

^{page 26 note 9} Probably his brother (note 3 to no. 46).

^{page 26 note 10} Unidentified.

^{page 27 note 1} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 214.

^{page 27 note 2} Colonel John Booth (1610–78) of Woodford, uncle of Sir George Booth (Ormerod, The history of the county palatine and city of Chester (1819), i. lxii; 1644 governor of Warrington for the parliament (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1644, p. 254Google Scholar) but in 1648 imprisoned for complicity with royalism in second civil war (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1648–49, p. 215Google Scholar; 1660–61, p. 297); aided Sir George Booth in securing Chester (Cal. Committee for Compounding, i. 748Google Scholar); examined for complicity in the rising but discharged (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 394).Google Scholar

^{page 27 note 3} Colonel Nathaniel Booth, brother of Sir George Booth (Ormerod, , op. cit., iii. 440Google Scholar); Sept. 1659 imprisoned on a charge of treason for complicity in the rising (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, pp. 194, 237).Google Scholar

^{page 27 note 4} Printed in full in Hist. MSS. Comm., 10th Rep., 1887, App. vi, p. 215, but with a mistake in postscript, ‘Mr. W. Mordaunt gone’, instead of ‘Mr. W.’ gone. Also printed in C.S.P., iii. 516Google Scholar, under date 6 July. In the original, Clarendon MSS., vol. lxi, fos. 391–2, the date is clearly 6 July. The letter is in Rumbold's hand, in deciphered cipher, but a long postscript, not in the Mordaunt MS., is in Mordaunt's hand.

^{page 27 note 5} On 30 July 1659 Colonel Ludlow, commander-in-chief in Ireland, was ordered to send to England 1000 foot and 500 horse (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 54Google Scholar). They landed before 20 Aug. (Ludlow, Memoirs, ii. 110, n. 1).Google Scholar

^{page 27 note 6} Tobias Wickham, fellow of King's College, Cambridge (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 507Google Scholar); secretary to Lord Fauconberg (ibid., iv. 250); was sent by Lord Bruce and Lord Belasyse with bills of exchange to the King (ibid.); on his return journey detained for examination as suspect by Vice-admiral Lawson (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 154).Google Scholar

^{page 27 note 7} The letter is evidently to Mr. Brodrick, kinsman to Mordaunt through the St. John family (C.S.P., iii. 483Google Scholar), but on bad terms with him (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 216Google Scholar; C.S.P., iii. 483–4Google Scholar). Hyde tried to reconcile the two men (C.S.P., iii. 533).Google Scholar

^{page 28 note 1} The King (see letter no. 38, note 6).

^{page 28 note 2} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 28 note 3} Probably refers to Mr. Brodrick, who used the pseudonym ‘J. or A. Clarke’ in his correspondence with Hyde (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 225, 293).Google Scholar

^{page 28 note 4} The letter is probably from Hyde to Mordaunt, from the reference to Mordaunt's patent for the viscounty having passed the great seal. But it is not among the Clarendon MSS.

^{page 29 note 1} The allusion is to the.bills of exchange to be brought over by Mr. Wickham (supra, no. 47).

^{page 29 note 2} Lord Fauconberg, nephew to Lord Belasyse, who was sending the money to the King.

^{page 29 note 3} The King had intended to set out for England on 11/21 July (supra, no. 40).

^{page 29 note 4} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 29 note 5} Probably the letter is to Hyde, but there is no copy of it among the Clarendon MSS.

^{page 29 note 6} Lord Northampton, who had approved the date fixed for the rising, 1 Aug. (C.S.P., iii. 524).Google Scholar

^{page 29 note 7} The commissioners led by Mordaunt; the difficulty lay in the relations of the Sealed Knot to this body.

^{page 29 note 8} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 29 note 9} Unidentified.

^{page 29 note 10} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 29 note 1} 1 Sir Horatio Townshend was to be responsible for the seizing of Lynn (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 209, 227Google Scholar). He did not rise in Aug., but in Sept. 1659 is reported as again offering to Mordaunt to do so, provided that the King can send over 5000 men (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, pp. 206–7).Google Scholar

^{page 30 note 1} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 30 note 2} Printed in C.S.P., iii. 534–5, but with the omission of the following sentences:—‘I wish you could tell who writes those excellent letters into England, such use should be made of the advertizement that should not be prejudiciall to the persons there. You know well the resolution the King had taken of going to the treaty at the frontiers, which he departed from, upon hopes of spending his time better, but if hee must againe depart for some tyme from those hopes, and that his presence in England is not yet thought necessary, it will be most necessary that he resumes his former resolutions and by making that posting journey, draw all the advantages he can from that meeting, and therefore it will be fitt that as soone as can be possible, he may know his friends resolution.’ Clarendon MSS., vol. lxii, fos. 98–9; 15/25 July 1659.

^{page 30 note 3} This is a slip in the date; Mordaunt wrote two letters to the King on 6 July 1659, supra, no. 38, and Clarendon MSS., vol. lxi, fos. 391–2.

^{page 30 note 4} The King's letter of instructions to Hyde is dated 9/19 July; printed in C.S.P., iii. 530, under date 19 July.

^{page 30 note 5} 13 July.

^{page 30 note 6} The negotiations for the peace of the Pyrenees opened on 3/13 Aug. 1659 (Chéruel, Histoire de France sous le ministère de Mazarin (1882), iii. 246).Google Scholar

^{page 31 note 1} This letter is important as giving definite evidence of the efforts made by Sir Richard Willis to postpone the rising from 1 Aug. 1659, the date fixed by Mordaunt and his fellow-commissioners (supra, no. 42).

^{page 31 note 2} Colonel Thomas Panton (d. 1685), royalist; youngest son of John Panton of Ashby-de-la Zouch, Northants; imprisoned in 1655 (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 79Google Scholar); engaged for Surrey for the rising of 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 336).Google Scholar

^{page 31 note 3} ‘Mr. Wright’, pseudonym for William Rumbold.

^{page 31 note 4} Sir William Compton persuaded his brother, the earl of Northampton, not to rise (C.S.P., iii. 559).Google Scholar

^{page 31 note 5} Colonel Russell.

^{page 31 note 6} Lord Willoughby.

^{page 31 note 7} The presbyterians.

^{page 32 note 1} David Walter, royalist, of Godstowe House, Oxon; compounded on Oxford articles in 1646 (Cal. Committee for Compounding, ii. 1446Google Scholar); 1658 engaged as colonel of horse for a rising (Mainwaring MSS., 24, John Rylands Library, Manchester); 5 Aug. 1659 sent for by council of state (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 75).Google Scholar

^{page 32 note 2} The lord chancellor.

^{page 32 note 3} Probably Colonel Richard Arundell.

^{page 32 note 4} Gregory Paulden, royalist; probably brother of Thomas Paulden and son of William Paulden of Wakefield, royalist (Cal. Committee for Compounding, iii. 2111Google Scholar); was imprisoned 1658–59 for 13 months (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 148Google Scholar; Cal. S.P. Dom., 1660–61, p. 93).Google Scholar

^{page 32 note 5} The duke of Buckingham.

^{page 32 note 6} Dr. Brian Duppa (1588–1662), son of Jeffrey Duppa, vicar of Lewisham; since 1641 Bishop of Salisbury; 1649–60 living in retirement in Richmond; Aug. 1659 had to give security and had his house searched for arms (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 76). D.N.B.Google Scholar

^{page 32 note 7} The poster denouncing Willis as a traitor is printed (The Nicholas papers, iv (1920), 169–70Google Scholar) dated 3 June. The correct date is 3 July 1659 (C.S.P., iii. 518).Google Scholar

^{page 32 note 8} Major Henry Norwood, royalist, of Bishampton, Worcestershire; 1649 compounded (Cal. Committee for Compounding, iii. 2075Google Scholar); imprisoned from Jan. 1654–55 to Jan. 1658–59 for collecting arms (Thurloe, S.P., iii. 72 et seq.; Cal. S.P. Dom., 1656–57, p. 291Google Scholar; 1658–59, p. 260); employed in the correspondence between the King and Samuel Morland in 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 290, 359Google Scholar); attempted to rise in Shropshire, in Aug. (ibid., 360).

^{page 32 note 9} Sir Gilbert Gerard, royalist; difficult to identify; there were seven Colonel Gerards in the royalist army, and three had the name of Gilbert (Willis Bund, The civil war in Worcestershire (1905), p. 26); a Sir Gilbert Gerard of London was imprisoned and compounded for royalism in 1648 (Cal. Committee for Compounding, ii. 1609). Another of the same name was M.P. for Middlesex in Nov. 1648, secluded 1648 after serving for the parliament in the two civil wars (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1648–49, pp. 75, 295Google Scholar); probably of the Gerard family of Bromley, Staffs.

^{page 32 note 10} William Rumbold.

^{page 33 note 1} Possibly the Thomas Granger imprisoned for nine months before May 1658 (Thurloe, , S.P., vii. 622).Google Scholar

^{page 33 note 2} Unidentified.

^{page 33 note 3} John Baron (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 269).Google Scholar

^{page 33 note 4} Unsigned.

^{page 33 note 5} Colonel Richard Ingoldsby (d. 1685), regicide; second son of Sir Richard Ingoldsby, Lenthenborough, Bucks; colonel in the New Model army (Firth, Regimental history, i. 378–82Google Scholar); signed the death warrant of Charles I, but did not attend his trial (Clarendon, , Hist. xvi. 224–5Google Scholar); deprived of his command 28 April 1659 (Firth, , op. cit., i. 154Google Scholar); offered his services to Mordaunt in June 1659 (C.S.P., iii. 489Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 33 note 6} Captain George Elsmore, captain in Colonel Ingoldsby's regiment of horse (Firth, , op. cit., i. 150Google Scholar); deprived of his captaincy 30 April 1659 (The Clarke papers, iii (1899), 196Google Scholar); was taken in arms in the rising of 1659 and imprisoned (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, pp. 61, 172).Google Scholar

^{page 33 note 7} Major Thomas Babington, major in Colonel Ingoldsby's regiment of horse (Firth, , op. cit., i. 153Google Scholar); he rose in Aug. 1659, but escaped capture (The Clarke papers, iv (1901), 37).Google Scholar

^{page 34 note 1} Blank in MS. but refers to the earl of Northampton, who had suggested to Ingoldsby that Richard Cromwell should resign in favour of Charles II and that Ingoldsby should further the restoration (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 333).Google Scholar

^{page 34 note 2} Sir William Waller was engaged to Mordaunt with the presbyterians in support of the rising (C.S.P., iii. 389Google Scholar; Cal. C.S.P., iv. 236Google Scholar); he was arrested in Kent 5 Aug. 1659, and on refusing to take an engagement, sent to the Tower (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 135Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 34 note 3} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 34 note 4} This letter is incorrectly dated; it should be dated 28 Aug./7 Sept. 1657. Elizabeth, electress Palatine and queen of Bohemia (1596–1662), daughter of James I; from April 1621 to May 1661 at the Hague. D.N.B.

^{page 34 note 5} Mary, princess royal of England and princess of Orange (1631–60), eldest daughter of Charles I, 2 May 1641 married William II of Orange, who died 6 Nov. 1650. D.N.B.

^{page 34 note 6} Breda, where a meeting between Charles II and the princess of Orange took place (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 355, 357).Google Scholar

^{page 34 note 7} The Abbé Jacques Carpentier de Marigny, the opponent of Cardinal Mazarin (D'Avenel, , Lettres de Cardinal Mazarin (1894), viii. 96, note 4).Google Scholar

^{page 34 note 8} The Archduke Leopold, son of Ferdinand III and king of Hungary and Bohemia, was elected emperor on 18 July 1658 at Frankfort.

^{page 34 note 9} The embassy of the President de Thou to the States-General (Chéruel, , Histoire de France sous le ministère de Mazarin (1882), iii. 61).Google Scholar

^{page 35 note 1} Prince Rupert of the Palatinate (1619–82); 2nd son of Elizabeth of Bohemia and Frederick V of Bohemia and Elector Palatine; 1642–46 in command of royal cavalry in England; 1648–53 at the head of a royalist fleet; 1653–54 in France; in Nov. 1657 at Frankfort (The Nicholas papers, iv (1920), 18Google Scholar); in 1657 was possibly with the landgrave of Hesse-Cassel. Charlotte of Hesse-Cassel had married Charles Louis, Elector Palatine, elder brother of Prince Rupert (Green, , Elizabeth of Bohemia (1909 edn.), p. 378). D.N.B.Google Scholar

^{page 35 note 2} William Craven, 1st earl of Craven (1606–97), eldest son of Sir William Craven, lord mayor of London; 1627 Baron Craven; from 1632 was in the service of the queen of Bohemia, and after 1639 a permanent member of her court at the Hague (Green, , op. cit., pp. 375–6Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 35 note 3} Lord Mordaunt escaped from England after the failure of the rising and reached Calais on 7/17 Sept. 1659 (Carte, , Ormonde, iii. 691Google Scholar). Lady Mordaunt joined him by 18 Sept. (infra, no 71).

^{page 35 note 4} The princess of Orange.

^{page 35 note 5} William III of Orange (1650–1702).

^{page 35 note 6} The duke of York and the duke of Gloucester returned to Brussels from Breda on 7/17 Oct. 1659 (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 238).Google Scholar

^{page 35 note 7} Unidentified; blank in MS.

^{page 35 note 8} Sophia, youngest daughter of Frederick and Elizabeth of the Palatinate (1630–1714); married in Oct. 1658 Prince Ernest Augustus of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Green, , Elizabeth of Bohemia (1909 edn.), pp. 278, 395). D.N.B.Google Scholar

^{page 35 note 9} Possibly an allusion to Sir William Lockhart, who was at Fuentarabia, whither Charles II had gone, for the negotiations for the Peace of the Pyrenees.

^{page 35 note 10} Major Jammot, French officer in the royalist service, also styled Lieutenant-colonel Jammot (The Nicholas papers, iii (1897), p. 209Google Scholar). On 16/26 Sept. 1659 he was in Paris (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 374).Google Scholar

^{page 35 note 11} This letter is wrongly dated. It is more probably 30 Oct./9 Nov. The arrival of Charles II at Saragoza was on 4/14 Oct. (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 400Google Scholar). Ormonde was at Toulouse with the King on 27 Sept./7 Oct. (Carte, , Ormonde, iii. 686Google Scholar). This letter could not have been written before these dates.

^{page 36 note 1} Percy Church, royalist; was attached to the household of Henrietta Maria at the Palais Royal. He was a regular correspondent of Sir Edward Nicholas (The Nicholas papers, ii (1892), iii (1897), iv (1920)).Google Scholar

^{page 36 note 2} Hartgill Baron was sent to the King from Calais by Lord Mordaunt at the beginning of October (Clarendon MSS., vol. lxv, fos. 132–3).

^{page 36 note 3} Nicholas Armorer arrived at Bordeaux on 24 Oct./3 Nov. (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 420).Google Scholar

^{page 36 note 4} Lord Mordaunt.

^{page 36 note 5} Printed with the omission of one sentence in C.S.P., iii. 560–1Google Scholar, Clarendon MSS., vol. lxiv, fos. 218–19. Draft by Bulteale, endorsed by H. Hyde. The sentence omitted runs—‘There is nothing in my letters to my cousin Brodrick that can be now of use, the principall is to signifie the King's pleasure to him that he should in no degree communicate with Sir Richard Willis.’

^{page 36 note 6} Hyde was unaware that Mordaunt had reached Calais on 7/17 Sept. 1659 (Carte, Ormonde, iii. 691).

^{page 36 note 7} William Rumbold's letter to Hyde, reporting the failure of the rising, is Clarendon MSS., vol. lxiii, fo. 292, chiefly in deciphered cipher, dated only ‘August’. It is printed in C.S.P., iii. 546–7.Google Scholar

^{page 36 note 8} In a letter of 1/11 Aug. 1659, Hyde had instructed Brodrick that Willis was no longer to be communicated with, unless he took part in the rising, or obeyed the King's summons to come to him (C.S.P., iii. 542Google Scholar). Brodrick was committed to the Tower on 31 July (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, p. 59).Google Scholar

^{page 37 note 1} The King reached St. Malo on 19/29 Aug. (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 327).Google Scholar

^{page 37 note 2} Marshal Turenne offered Henrietta Maria on 17/27 Aug. in Paris, assistance for Charles II (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 186Google Scholar). He met the duke of York near Amiens and offered him 1200 men and supplies and money to transport them from Boulogne to England (Carte, , Ormonde, iii. 683–4Google Scholar). The duke was ready to sail when the news of the failure of the rising reached him (ibid., iii. 685).

^{page 37 note 3} Sir Arthur Hesilrige (d. 1661), parliamentarian; eldest son of Sir Thomas Hesilrige, bart., of Noseley Hall, Leics; M.P. for Leicestershire April and Nov. 1640; fought for the parliament in the civil war; named as one of the king's judges but refused to act; member of the council of state under the Commonwealth, but as a republican opposed the protectorate; M.P. for Leicester 1654, also in 1656, but excluded, and in 1659; May 1659 one of the council of state; supported the parliament against Lambert (Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 115, 133, 143 et seq.Google Scholar); 1661 died a prisoner in the Tower. D.N.B.

^{page 37 note 4} Sir Herbert Lunsford (fl. 1640–65), royalist, was of Sussex origin, a colonel in the royalist forces in Flanders in 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 267Google Scholar). He was in England in Aug. 1659, in touch with Rumbold and Mordaunt (ibid., iv. 353, 359); under Mordaunt's directions he was engaged in negotiations with Marshal Turenne for assistance in securing Dunkirk for Charles II (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 230Google Scholar; de Grimoard, , Collection des lettres et memoires du marechal de Turenne (1782), i. 313Google Scholar). Marshal Turenne saw the duke of York at Amiens on 20/30 Aug. and offered him men and money for a royalist invasion of England (ibid., i. 299). After the news of Booth's defeat had reached Turenne, he thought the attempt on England must be postponed (Carte, , Ormonde, iii. 685Google Scholar). The plan for securing Dunkirk for Charles II continued to be pursued.

^{page 37 note 5} Thomas Howard (1619–1706), 3rd earl of Berkshire, 2nd son of Thomas, earl of Berkshire, was engaged with Mordaunt in the rising of 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 331, 365Google Scholar). He was a cousin of Mordaunt and with Lunsford acted under Mordaunt's directions in the dealings with Turenne (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 230).Google Scholar

^{page 37 note 6} The name of Hyde's correspondent is left blank in the MS., but is probably Captain Titus, who was at Calais with Hartgill Baron (pseudonym ‘Mr. Jones’) 4/14 Sept. 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 358).Google Scholar

^{page 38 note 1} Lord Mordaunt.

^{page 38 note 2} Hartgill Baron.

^{page 38 note 3} William Rumbold.

^{page 38 note 4} Probably Major-general Massey, of whose safety Captain Titus had no news on 4/14 Sept. (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 358Google Scholar). Massey was captured in Gloucestershire 31 July 1659, but escaped (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 88Google Scholar); he left London 6 Sept. (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 364Google Scholar); arrived at Rotterdam by 17 Sept. (ibid., iv. 378).

^{page 38 note 4} The princess of Orange.

^{page 38 note 6} Hartgill Baron.

^{page 38 note 7} After hearing of the defeat of Sir George Booth, Turenne advised the duke of York to postpone action till a more favourable situation developed (Carte, , Ormonde, iii. 685).Google Scholar

^{page 38 note 8} The letter is dated ‘26 Sept. 1660 rectius 59’; the latter is correct.

^{page 38 note 9} 7 Sept. 1659 Calais.

^{page 39 note 1} Mordaunt on 10 Sept. was despatching Hartgill Baron to the duke of York (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 367).Google Scholar

^{page 39 note 2} Probably Brittany. In his letter to Mordaunt of 9/19 Sept. Hyde reported that the King went to Brittany (ibid., iv. 363).

^{page 39 note 3} Nicholas Armorer at Calais received through a Colonel Nugent, offers from General Schomberg, then in command of the French garrisons in Bergues, Furnes and Dixmude, to try to win over officers commanding the English garrison in Dunkirk to the service of Charles II (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 368, 394, 407Google Scholar). The garrison in Dunkirk, nominally under the command of Sir William Lockhart, was under the control of Colonels Alsop and Lillingston during Lockhart's absence at the negotiations for the Peace of the Pyrenees. Through lack of pay, the garrison was disaffected (Thurloe, , S.P., vii. 720–732).Google Scholar

^{page 39 note 4} Boulogne.

^{page 39 note 5} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 39 note 6} Printed in C.S.P., iii. 586–7Google Scholar, under date 22 Oct. 1659. The correct date is 12/22 Oct. 1659. The following sentences are omitted in the printed version: ‘This, Sir, being in myne own defence, I hope your Majestie will pardon it, and look upon the truths my duty forces me to acquaint you with, as related to your Majestie to prevent the like sad misfortunes for the future, and not to exasperate you against these may serve you yett, if they finde no resentment from your Majestie as to what is past. Sir, your Majestie seeing how straightly I am tyed up by Mr. Rumball, will I question not oblige us, that these advertizements may remaine secrett, which I cannot doubt but your Majestie will thinke in your prudence requisite to your own businesse.’ The sentence relating to Lord Willoughby on p. 586 and the last two sentences on p. 587, C.S.P., iii, are omitted from the Mordaunt MS. Clarendon MSS., vol. lxv, fos. 190–2, partly deciphered cipher. The letter is unsigned.

^{page 40 note 1} Major or Lieutenant-general George Porter, royalist; officer of horse 1646; compounded for land in Kent and Sussex (Cal. Committee for Compounding, ii. 1097).Google Scholar

^{page 40 note 2} Colonel Roger Whitley (d. 1697), royalist; 2nd son of Thomas Whitley of Aston Hall, Flint; took part in the rising of 1648, in 1655 and 1656 supplied intelligence to Sir Edward Nicholas from Calais (The Nicholas papers, iii (1897), 166, 253Google Scholar); in June 1659 was with the King in Brussels but returned to England in July and took part in the rising in August in Cheshire (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 241, 280Google Scholar; Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 198).Google Scholar

^{page 40 note 3} The colonel alluded to is Colonel Richard Ingoldsby, who rose with Mordaunt in Aug. 1659, but escaped capture (The Clarke papers, iv. 37).Google Scholar

^{page 40 note 4} The letter is from Brussels, where Hartgill Baron and Captain Titus had arrived with information for Hyde and the duke of York, from Lord Mordaunt at Calais (C.S.P., iii. 570).Google Scholar

^{page 40 note 5} Hartgill Baron, arrived at Brussels with Mordaunt's letter to Hyde of 10/20 Sept. 1659 (C.S.P., iii. 566).Google Scholar

^{page 40 note 6} Pseudonym for Hartgill Baron.

^{page 40 note 7} Hartgill Baron and Captain Titus.

^{page 40 note 8} The princess of Orange.

^{page 41 note 1} Unsigned.

^{page 41 note 2} Lord Mordaunt's letter to Lord Jermyn of 12/24 Sept. was written from Calais; Jermyn received it in Paris.

^{page 41 note 3} Lord Mordaunt intended to go to the King to report on the failure of the rising.

^{page 41 note 4} ‘Colonel’ should be ‘Captain’. Captain Thomas Cooke was sent by the Queen-Mother Henrietta Maria to communicate to the King Turenne's offers of help (Carte, , Ormonde, iii. 683Google Scholar). The reference here is to Lunsford's negotiations with Turenne, which were under the direction of Mordaunt (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 230Google Scholar). The letters of Mordaunt to Lunsford of 10/20 and 12/24 Sept. have not been traced.

^{page 41 note 5} Sir Herbert Lunsford's ostensible business in England in Aug. 1659 was to raise recruits for service in Portugal. Portugal, left out of the Peace of the Pyrenees, needed more troops for carrying on the war with Spain. Assistance for her was encouraged by Turenne (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 359).Google Scholar

^{page 42 note 1} This letter is wrongly dated. The original, Carte MSS., vol. ccxiii, fo. 439, is dated 17/27 Oct. 1659; it was written from Calais, on the eve of Mordaunt's return to England (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 414).Google Scholar

^{page 42 note 2} Probably Colonel Herbert Morley, then being approached in the King's interest by Mordaunt's friend, John Evelyn (infra, no. 93, note 2).

^{page 42 note 3} In the Carte MS., after the word ‘breach’ is inserted ‘which was on the 23 of October’. The ‘breach’ was Lambert's expulsion of the parliament 13/23 Oct. 1659. In his letter to Hyde of 9/19 Oct. (infra, no. 92) Mordaunt had foretold a breach between the parties in England.

^{page 42 note 4} The riots in Sept. 1659 (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, pp. 222, 253).Google Scholar

^{page 42 note 5} In the Carte MS. after the word ‘England’, the letter differs in wording and continues as follows: ‘where my friends much importune me to appeare, believing this the happy opportunity ever light to restore your Majesty. Wee shall act upon that power your Majestie pleased to send me, till wee know your Majesties further pleasure. And, Sir, I most humbly beseech your Majestie to beleeve me one professes not reverence and duty to you in calme only, since my resignation to what God will determine of me is grounded on duty, religion and honour, and if I shipwrack here, I shall have the comfort of a secure haven hereafter.’ The letter then continues as in the Mordaunt MS., but adds a postscript, ‘N. Armorer will inform your Majestie of all particulars I have not time to write’. After the expulsion of the parliament, the Royalists in England urged Mordaunt to return (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 256).Google Scholar

^{page 43 note 1} This letter was evidently written before 9 Oct. 1659, when Mordaunt decided to return to England instead of going to the King (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 405).Google Scholar

^{page 44 note 1} The Queen-Mother Henrietta Maria.

^{page 44 note 2} Hartgill Baron.

^{page 44 note 3} Cardinal Mazarin and Don Luis de Haro, then negotiating the Peace of the Pyrenees.

^{page 44 note 4} Evidently the letter from Charles II to his brother, shown by the duke of York to Marshal Turenne on 20/30 Aug. at Amiens (de Grimoard, , Collection de lettres et mémoires du marechal de Turenne (1782), i. 298).Google Scholar

^{page 44 note 5} Marshal Turenne (Carte, , Ormonde, iii. 685).Google Scholar

^{page 45 note 1} Printed in full in C.S.P., iii. 572Google Scholar. Clarendon MSS., vol. lxiv, fo. 338. Draft by Bulteale, endorsed by Hyde.

^{page 45 note 2} Hartgill Baron.

^{page 45 note 3} The court of the Queen-Mother Henrietta Maria in Paris.

^{page 45 note 4} Brussels, where Captain Titus and Hartgill Baron arrived by 17 Sept. 1659 (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 214).Google Scholar

^{page 45 note 5} The reference is to Mordaunt's assumption of the title of viscount conferred on him by the King on 10 July 1659.

^{page 46 note 1} Hartgill Baron.

^{page 46 note 2} Juan de Fromesta, Marquis of Caracena; in 1655 governor of Milan, in 1656 appointed general of the Spanish forces in the Spanish Netherlands under the governor Don Juan of Austria (Chéruel, , Histoire de France sous le ministère de Mazarin, iii (1882), 14).Google Scholar

^{page 46 note 3} The allusion is probably to the death on 7 Aug. 1659 at Rotterdam of the reverend Thomas Cawton, the English minister there (The Nicholas papers, iv (1920), 72).Google Scholar

^{page 46 note 4} ‘John Jennings’ was the pseudonym used by Captain Titus (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 4).Google Scholar

^{page 46 note 5} 10/20 Sept. 1659; this is the letter alluded to in that of Sir Edward Nicholas to the marquis of Ormonde, 17/27 Sept. (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 206).Google Scholar

^{page 47 note 1} The marquis of Ormonde, the earl of Bristol, Daniel O'Neill and two or three servants (Clarendon, , Hist., xvi. 58).Google Scholar

^{page 47 note 2} Thomas Holder, English merchant at St. Sebastian, employed in transmitting royalist correspondence through the French post office (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 148).Google Scholar

^{page 47 note 3} The patent for the viscounty granted to Mordaunt on 10 July 1659 by the King.

^{page 47 note 4} The letter is dated old style 3 Oct. It is the letter alluded to by Mordaunt in his letter of 4/14 Oct. to Hyde (infra, no. 82). In it Mordaunt explains his reasons for not going to the King.

^{page 48 note 1} Vane's opposition to the proposed engagement against government by a single person, 3 Sept. 1659, gave rise to suspicion, but this suggestion is not supported by other evidence. Vane's temporary alliance with Lambert lacked clearly defined policy (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 225Google Scholar; Guizot, , Richard Cromwell, i. 490–1).Google Scholar

^{page 48 note 2} Sir Arthur Hesilrige suspected Lambert of desiring to restore government by a single person. Hesilrige, a strong republican, approved the plan for a commonwealth in the Oceana (1656) by James Harrington, but not of the principle of rotation in it (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 225Google Scholar). Hesilrige had purchased considerably, lands confiscated from the see of Durham. D.N.B.

^{page 48 note 3} Major-general James Berry (fl. 1655), parliamentarian soldier; 1655 major-general of Hereford, Shropshire and Wales (for an estimate of his work as major-general, see Berry and Lee, A Cromwellian Major-General (1938))Google Scholar; May 1659 he was a member of the council of state and was suspected of wishing to restore Richard Cromwell (C.S.P., iii. 484Google Scholar). He supported the army against the parliament in Oct.–Dec. 1659, and with the restoration of the parliament was imprisoned. D.N.B.

^{page 48 note 4} John Thurloe was out of office in Oct. 1659. There is no evidence that he was aiming at restoring monarchy. On 24 Oct. 1659 Mordaunt reported to Hyde that Thurloe and Vane were reconciled (infra, no. 96). Vane was opposed to the restoration of monarchy.

^{page 48 note 5} Oliver St. John (c. 1598–1673), chief justice; son of Oliver St. John of Cayshoe, Beds; M.P. for Totnes April 1640; Jan. 1641 solicitor-general; 1648 chief justice of common pleas; took no part in the trial of the King, but was a member of the council of state under the commonwealth and again in May 1659. He was suspected of wishing to restore Richard Cromwell, but Thurloe stated in 1660 that St. John had always been opposed to doing so (Thiurloe, , S.P., vii. 915)Google Scholar. D.N.B.

^{page 49 note 1} Colonel Robert Overton (c. 1609—date and place of death unknown), soldier; son of John Overton of Easington, Yorks; served in the parliamentarian army in the civil war and from July 1650 to Feb. 1653 in Scotland. From Jan. 1655 to 16 March 1658–59 he was imprisoned, untried, for suspected insubordination to the Protectorate, but was exonerated by the restored long parliament in 1659 and re-appointed governor of Hull. In the autumn of 1659 he main tained a neutral position between the army and the parliament. At the restoration he was imprisoned as dangerous as a Fifth-monarchist, and probably died in Jersey c. 1668 (Firth, , Regimental history, ii. 546–61Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 49 note 2} Colonel Thomas Fitch, soldier; served in the parliamentarian army in the civil war; 1651 to 1659 in command of the garrison at Inverness. 10 June 1659 he was appointed lieutenant of the Tower (C.J., vii. 679Google Scholar); was opposed to the attempt of Lambert and Fleetwbod after 13 Oct. 1659 to establish military rule (Firth, , Regimental history, i. 343Google Scholar); 12 Dec. he was deprived of the command of the Tower for complicity in a design to seize it for the parliament (Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 169).Google Scholar

^{page 49 note 3} Colonel Charles Fleetwood (d. 1692), parliamentarian; 3rd son of Sir Miles Fleetwood of Aldwinkle, Northants; fought in the parliamentarian armies in the first civil war; took no part in the trial of the King; 1652–55 commander-in-chief in Ireland; 1655 major-general for Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, Oxon, Cambs, Hunts, Bucks, but acted by deputy; was opposed to the offer of the kingship to Cromwell, but sat in the Other House; 22 April 1659, with Desborough, forced Richard Cromwell to dissolve parliament; 9 June 1659 appointed commander-in-chief of the forces in England and Scotland, but without the power to name officers, this being done by the Speaker, on the recommendation of seven commissioners (The Clarke papers, iv (1901), 18Google Scholar); 24 Dec. 1659 he submitted1 to the parliament and lost his commands (Firth, , Regimental history, i. 99, 344Google Scholar); died 1692 (ibid., i. 101). D.N.B.

^{page 49 note 4} 4 Aug. 1659 Lambert was appointed to command the forces sent against the rising of Sir George Booth (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 72).Google Scholar

^{page 49 note 5} Chirk Castle, Wales, was taken by Lambert on 24 Aug. 1659; he was ordered 27 Aug. to see that it was demolished (ibid., 1659–60, pp. 150, 154).

^{page 50 note 1} The Derby petition drawn up in Sept. 1659 by Lambert's officers was presented to parliament on 22 Sept. It demanded that Fleetwood should be commander-in-chief with Lambert as second in command. Fleetwood tried to justify the officers to the parliament which disapproved of the petition (Baker, , Chronicle, p. 577).Google Scholar

^{page 50 note 2} Mordaunt made the same request to the King in his letter of 1/11 Oct. (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 230).Google Scholar

^{page 50 note 3} Incorrectly dated in the Mordaunt MS. as 3 Oct. 1659. The correct date is 28 Sept./8 Oct. 1659. The letter was written from Calais. It is printed in full in Carte, Ormonde papers, ii. 222–3Google Scholar. There are slight verbal differences in the printed text and no mention of the arrival at Calais of Charles Lyttelton with Lord Lichfield.

^{page 50 note 4} The duke of York had no knowledge of the exact whereabouts of the King (de Grimoard, , Collection de lettres et memoires du maréchal de Turenne (1782), i. 304).Google Scholar

^{page 51 note 1} Charles Stuart, earl of Lichfield, 6th duke of Lennox, 3rd duke of Richmond (1640–72), only son of George Stuart, 9th seigneur d'Aubigny; 1645 created earl of Lichfield; 1658 in France; Aug. 1659 his arrest ordered for complicity in the rising (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 98Google Scholar); Aug. 1660 succeeded his cousin in dukedoms. D.N.B.

^{page 51 note 2} Charles Lyttelton was engaged in the design to seize Shrewsbury; he rose but failed to effect it (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 227–8Google Scholar). His arrest was ordered on 5 Aug. (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 77Google Scholar), but he escaped and reached Calais 26 Sept./6 Oct. (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 389Google Scholar), not the following day as here stated.

^{page 51 note 3} Printed in full in Carte, Ormonde papers, ii. 220–2Google Scholar, but under the date 8 Oct. instead of 23 Sept./3 Oct.

^{page 51 note 4} On the treachery of Sir Richard Willis, see appendix.

^{page 51 note 5} Robin Rookwood, a Catholic friar, offered his services as a spy to Thurloe in Feb. 1658–59 (Thurloe, , S.P., vii. 617Google Scholar). He supplied information to the secretary Scot before the rising of the movements of Mordaunt (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 302Google Scholar), and betrayed him in the actual rising (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 216).Google Scholar

^{page 51 note 6} Lady Mordaunt escaped to Calais; she was to bring money with her for Mordaunt's journey to the King (infra, no. 86).

^{page 51 note 7} Unsigned.

^{page 52 note 1} John Mordaunt, 1st earl of Peterborough (d. 1643), parliamentarian; was the eldest son of Henry Lord Mordaunt of Drayton, Northants, and Turvey, Beds; 1628 created earl of Peter borough; took the parliamentarian side in the civil war and held the commission of general of the ordnance under the earl of Essex. He died in June 1643 and was buried at Turvey, 24 June 1643. The entry of his burial in the parish register of Turvey Church was made 3 July 1662. The date of his death is given wrongly in the D.N.B. as 1642. Halstead, Succinct genealogies (1685), confirms 1643.

^{page 52 note 2} supra, no. 76.

^{page 52 note 3} 188 is probably Captain Titus; after seeing in the news-books of the failure of the rising, he sent from Calais to stop the King from going to England (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 347).Google Scholar

^{page 52 note 4} The duke of York had planned to sail from Boulogne for England with the aid of Turenne in men, money and shipping (Carte, , Ormonde, iii. 685).Google Scholar

^{page 52 note 5} Richard Nicolls, of the household of the duke of York, was sent by him to Mordaunt with commands leading the latter to expect a landing by the duke (C.S.P., iii. 566).Google Scholar

^{page 53 note 1} Hartgill Baron.

^{page 53 note 2} Unfinished sentence in MS.

^{page 53 note 3} John Nicholas (1623–1704), eldest son of Sir Edward Nicholas; July 1660 appointed clerk of the privy council (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1660–61, p. 139).Google Scholar

^{page 53 note 4} In his letter of 8/18 Oct. to the King, Nicholas reported that Mr. Baron had informed him at Mordaunt's request, of the proposal for a marriage between the duke of York and the daughter of a general in England (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 247).Google Scholar

^{page 53 note 5} Clarendon MSS., vol. lxv, fos. 132–3. Endorsed by Hyde. Dated 4/14 Oct. Calais. In the Mordaunt MS. the date is incorrectly given as 7 Oct.

^{page 54 note 1} ‘and in Flanders’ added after ‘here’ in Clarendon MS.

^{page 54 note 2} ‘to Paris,’ in Clarendon MS.

^{page 54 note 3} ‘I have in this enclosed which I beg of your lordship to send to the duke of York, writ to know his Highness pleasure in case a breach happens’ in Clarendon MS. The ‘breach’ expected by Mordaunt occurred between the army and the parliament on 13 Oct. 1659.

^{page 54 note 4} The letter was written while Mordaunt was still at Calais, but is not dated from there.

^{page 54 note 5} Sir Arthur Hesilrige.

^{page 54 note 6} Thomas Scot (d. 1660), regicide; reputed son of a London brewer; 1645 M.P. for Aylesbury; supported the parliament in the civil war; 1649 a regicide; member of the council of state and secretary of state under the commonwealth; M.P. for Wycombe 1654, and for Aylesbury 1656, but excluded till Jan. 1658; May 1659 again member of the council of state and engaged on intelligence; Oct. 1660 tried and executed as a regicide. D.N.B.

^{page 55 note 1} Calendared in Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, pp. 247–8Google Scholar (Flanders correspondence, 5.P. 77, 32, part 3, fo. 321, endorsed ‘8/18 October 1659, coppy of myne to Lo. Vise. Mordaunt’).

^{page 55 note 2} ‘Mr. Baron's’ in copy by Nicholas.

^{page 55 note 3} ‘from’ after ‘hast’ in the copy by Nicholas. ‘Ffra’ is France.

^{page 55 note 4} Sir Edward Nicholas to the King 8/18 Oct. 1659 (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 237).Google Scholar

^{page 55 note 5} Hartgill Baron.

^{page 55 note 6} The duke of York.

^{page 55 note 7} 824 is Lambert. Mordaunt was mistaken in thinking Lambert had only one child; he had ten (Dawson, , Life and times of General John Lambert (1938), p. 402).Google Scholar

^{page 55 note 8} ‘her’ in the copy by Nicholas.

^{page 55 note 9} ‘for whom the proposition was made’ in the copy by Nicholas.

^{page 55 note 10} ‘in cipher to Mr. Baron’ in the copy by Nicholas.

^{page 55 note 11} ‘my lord chancellor’ in the copy by Nicholas.

^{page 56 note 1} The following sentence, omitted from the Mordaunt MS., is added here in the copy by Nicholas: ‘I assure your lordship there is noe man more heartily your servant then myself and I am of all others about his Majestie, most enrapt to serve you as I desire that you shall ever find me and myne reddy to aproove ourselves and as I am with all respect and truth my lord’.

^{page 56 note 2} Hartgill Baron.

^{page 56 note 3} Brussels.

^{page 56 note 4} Louis II de Bourbon, prince of Condi (1621–86).

^{page 56 note 5} Clarendon MSS., vol. lxv, fo. 115. Draft by Bulteale.

^{page 56 note 6} Hartgill Baron.

^{page 56 note 7} In the Clarendon MSS., vol. lxv, fos. 63–4, the original headed ‘7 Oct. Calais’ is endorsed by Hyde ‘7 Octob. Ld. Mordaunt.’ The correct date is 27 Sept./7 Oct. 1659. The portion of the letter beginning ‘Your lordship has so many correspondents’, and ending ‘the King's restoration’, is printed in C.S.P., iii. 576.Google Scholar

^{page 56 note 8} Hartgill Baron.

^{page 57 note 1} Francis Finch, royalist, of Rushock, Gloucs, was engaged in negotiation with Sir John Pettus, to try to win the latter to secure Major-general Fleetwood to the King's cause (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 355Google Scholar, and Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 228).Google Scholar

^{page 57 note 2} Sir John Pettus (1613–90), royalist, of Cheston Hall, Suffolk, 1646 compounded for delin quency (Cal. Committee for Compounding, ii. 1290Google Scholar); related by marriage to Fleetwood. In 1655 Pettus was appointed by Cromwell deputy-governor of the royal mines, but nevertheless he assisted Charles II with money. D.N.B.

^{page 58 note 1} See letter 62.

^{page 58 note 2} Probably Vermand near Peronne.

^{page 58 note 3} John Barwick (1612–64), royalist, dean of St. Paul's, born in Westmorland, educated at St. John's college, Cambridge, of which he became a fellow. He was ejected for royalism in 1643 and from London served the royalist cause, till his imprisonment from 1650 to 1652. He again acted as agent for Charles II in London and at the restoration was rewarded with the deanery of Durham, and in Oct. 1660 with that of St. Paul's. He died in 1662. D.N.B.

^{page 58 note 4} Colonel Sir Bryce Cochrane, parliamentarian, of Scotch origin; in 1648 served in the Scotch forces in Ulster supporting Charles I, but was gained over to the parliamentary cause by Monck (Firth, , Regimental history, ii. 685Google Scholar); in 1657 he was in command of a regiment of foot in Flanders (ibid., ii. 686); 4 Aug. 1659 his regiment was ordered to return to England to suppress Booth's rebellion (Col. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 74Google Scholar); he was cashiered in Jan. 1659–60 (ibid., p. 321), but in April 1660 obtained a pass to go to Ireland (ibid., p. 574).

^{page 58 note 5} Major Brocklehurst, parliamentarian soldier; commander of the garrison in Exeter (Firth, , Regimental history, ii. 688).Google Scholar

^{page 59 note 1} ‘Mr. Jeffryes’ was the pseudonym used by Sir John Grenville (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 161).Google Scholar

^{page 59 note 2} Colonel Henry Cromwell, royalist; younger son of Sir Oliver Cromwell, K.B., of Hinchinbrpoke, Hunts (Abbott, , The Writings and speeches of Oliver Cromwell, i. (1937), 20Google Scholar; The Nicholas papers, iii (1897), 64Google Scholar); fought for Charles I and in 1645 was imprisoned; he compounded for his estate of Upwood, Hunts, in 1647 (Cal. Committee for Compounding, ii. 978–9).Google Scholar

^{page 59 note 3} Nicholas Monck (1610–61), royalist; provost of Eton and bishop of Hereford, 3rd son of Sir Thomas Monck of Potheridge, Devon. Dec. 1653 presented by Sir John Grenville to the living of Kilkhampton, Cornwall (Dew, , A history of the parish and church of Kilkhampton (1926, p. 51Google Scholar); sent to General Monck in Scotland Aug. 1659 with overtures from the King (Baker, ,. Chronicle, pp. 574, 579Google Scholar); 1660 Provost of Eton; 1661 bishop of Hereford; Dec. 1661 died. D.N.B.

^{page 59 note 4} Barwick's account of the events in London of 11–13 Oct. 1659 should be compared with those given in Baker, Chronicle, p. 579Google Scholar, Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 136–40Google Scholar, and Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 245–8.Google Scholar

^{page 59 note 5} Lieutenant-colonel Ralph Cobbett, parliamentarian soldier; lieutenant-colonel of a regiment of foot from 1645; 1651–54 in Scotland and governor of Dundee (Firth, , Regimental history, ii. 471–2Google Scholar); signed the Derby petition and was cashiered by parliament 12 Oct. 1659 (C.J., vii. 796Google Scholar); Jan. 1660 ordered to leave London; imprisoned at the restoration, date of death is unknown (Firth, , Regimental history, ii. 476–7).Google Scholar

^{page 59 note 6} Colonel William Packer (fl. 1644–60), parliamentarian soldier; 1652 major of Cromwell's regiment of horse (Firth, , Regimental history, i. 9Google Scholar); 1656 deputy major-general in Berks, Bucks, Oxon (ibid., i. 71); 1658 dismissed by Cromwell for opposition to his government (ibid., i. 73). May 1659 restored to his commands but 12 Oct. 1659 cashiered by parliament (C.J., vii. 796Google Scholar); 1661 imprisoned; date of death unknown. D.N.B.

^{page 59 note 7} Major-general Thomas Kelsey (d. 1680), parliamentarian soldier; born in London; 1646 lieutenant-colonel in Colonel Ingoldsby's regiment (Firth, , Regimental history, i. 374Google Scholar), supported the army against the parliament; a deputy governor of Oxford in 1648 (ibid., i. 376); 1651 governor of Dover Castle (ibid., i. 381); M.P. for Sandwich, 1654, for Dover 1656 and 1659; major-general for Kent and Surrey 1655; in 1659 supported Fleetwood and Lambert and was cashiered by parliament 12 Oct. 1659 (C.J., vii. 796Google Scholar); Jan. 1660 deprived of his governorship of Dover (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 307Google Scholar); at the restoration fled abroad, but was ultimately allowed to return to England. The date of his death is unknown. D.N.B.

^{page 60 note 1} Lieutenant-colonel Robert Barrow, parliamentarian soldier; 1650 colonel of a regiment of foot in Ireland but in Nov. 1656 resigned his commission through disapproval of the government of Henry Cromwell (Firth, , Regimental history, ii. 638Google Scholar); in 1659 he supported Lambert (Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 128–9Google Scholar) and was cashiered by parliament 12 Oct. 1659 (C.J., vii. 796Google Scholar), and the vote was confirmed Jan. 1659–60 (Firth, , op. cit., ii. 639).Google Scholar

^{page 60 note 2} Lieutenant-colonel Richard Ashfield, parliamentarian soldier; fought in regiment of foot in the civil war (Firth, , op. cit., ii. 431–3Google Scholar); 1648–59 in Scotland; after 1650 colonel of foot; in 1659 he assisted Lambert in the suppression of Booth's rising and in Sept. 1659 supported the Derby petition, and was cashiered by parliament 12 Oct. 1659 (C.J., vii. 796Google Scholar); Jan. 1659–60 he was ordered to leave London (Firth, , op. cit., ii. 440Google Scholar). The exact date of his death is uncertain, but probably in 1677 (ibid.).

^{page 60 note 3} Major Richard Creed, parliamentarian soldier; eldest son of John Creed of Oundle, Northants; 1647 captain in a regiment of horse (Firth, , op. cit., i. 283Google Scholar); Aug. 1659 major of Lambert's regiment of horse (ibid., i. 260); supported the Derby petition and was cashiered 12 Oct. 1659 (C.J., vii. 796Google Scholar); supported Lambert in his ejection of the parliament 13 Oct. 1659 (Firth, , op. cit., i. 261Google Scholar); April 1660 he was captured with Lambert in his attempted rising (Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 260).Google Scholar

^{page 60 note 4} Lieutenant-general Edmund Ludlow (1617–92), regicide; son of Sir Henry Ludlow of Maiden Bradley, Wilts (Ludlow, , Memoirs, i. xvGoogle Scholar); for his military career in the civil war see his Memoirs and the introduction to vol. i by Sir C. Firth; he was one of the king's judges and signed the death warrant (Ludlow, , Memoirs, i. 214–20Google Scholar); 1650 lieutenant-general of horse in Ireland (Firth, , Regimental history, ii. 602Google Scholar); deprived of his commission and subjected to surveillance for opposition to the Protectorate of Oliver Cromwell (Ludlow, , Memoirs, i. 435Google Scholar; ii. 13); 1659 M.P. for Hindon; May 1659 member of the council of state and in July commander-in-chief in Ireland (Firth, , Regimental history, i. 333Google Scholar); Oct. 1659 he returned to England and tried to mediate between the army and the parliament (Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 145Google Scholar); he returned to Ireland 30 Dec. 1659, but Jan. 1659–60 he was removed from his command (ibid., ii. 197); M.P. for Hindon in the Convention, but in Aug. 1660 he escaped to France. He died in 1692, probably at Vevay Switzerland. D.N.B.

^{page 60 note 5} Captain Henry Watson, parliamentarian soldier; 1656–Feb. 1659–60 governor of Orkney, he supported the army against the restoration of the parliament in 1659 (Firth, , Regimental history, ii. 516).Google Scholar

^{page 60 note 6} Major Arthur Evelyn, parliamentarian soldier; captain of horse in 1642; in Aug. 1659 was appointed to command the guard of the parliament (C.J., vii. 749Google Scholar); 13 Oct. 1659 dismissed by Lambert (Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 139Google Scholar); Feb. 1660 Monck gave him the command of a regiment of foot which he held till Aug. 1660 (Firth, , op. cit., i. 197–8)Google Scholar

^{page 61 note 1} Colonel Thomas Fitch was appointed lieutenant of the Tower on 10 June 1659 (Firth, , op. cit., i. 342).Google Scholar

^{page 61 note 2} Colonel John Okey (c. 1662), regicide; born in London, colonel of a regiment of dragoons (Firth, , op. cit., i. 291–5Google Scholar), one of the King's judges and signed the death warrant (ibid.); 1651 he served in Scotland but in Nov. 1654 he was cashiered for opposition to the Protectorate (Firth, , op. cit., i. 299Google Scholar); 1659 M.P. for Beds; in May 1659 he was restored to his command and on 12 Oct. 1659 wished to defend the parliament against Lambert (Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 137–8Google Scholar); he opposed the restoration and was deprived of his command by Monck (Firth, , op. cit., i. 301Google Scholar); he escaped abroad at the restoration, but was seized in Holland and sent back to England. He was executed 18 April 1662 (ibid., i. 304).

^{page 61 note 3} 199 was John Barwick's cipher number (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 257).Google Scholar

^{page 61 note 4} From Paris, on his way to Fuentarabia, with Mordaunt's letter to the King. In Paris he saw the Queen-mother Henrietta Maria and her daughter the Princess Henrietta.

^{page 61 note 5} Charles II did not arrive at Fuentarabia till 19 Oct. 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 418).Google Scholar

^{page 61 note 6} Donogh MacCarthy, 1st earl of Clancarty (1594–1665), son of Cormac Oge MacCarthy, was general in Munster for Charles I and Charles II till his defeat in 1652. His estates were forfeited in 1641. 27 Nov. 1658 created earl of Clancarty. He married Eleanor, sister of James, 1st duke of Ormonde. He died in 1665. D.N.B.

^{page 62 note 1} Father Peter Talbot's account was inaccurate. Spain desired peace with England as well as with France, but no clause relating to England was inserted in the peace of the Pyrenees (Thurloe, , S.P., vii. 754Google Scholar). Both Don Luis de Haro and Cardinal Mazarin thought the arrival of Charles II at Fuentarabia was ill-advised (D'Avenel, , Lettres de Cardinal Mazarin (1894), ix. 343, 356).Google Scholar

^{page 62 note 2} Peter Talbot had been dismissed by the Society of Jesus for insubordination in July 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 261).Google Scholar

^{page 63 note 1} Supra, no. 86, 27 Sept./7 Oct. 1659.

^{page 63 note 2} 175 stands for Alexander Popham in the deciphered letter of Mordaunt to Hyde of 10/20 Sept. 1659 (Clarendon MSS., vol. lxiv, fos. 236–7). He was engaged with Massey for the design on Gloucester but did not rise.

^{page 63 note 3} 207 stands for Fleetwood in the letter of Mordaunt to the King of 1 Sept. 1659 (Clarendon MSS., vol. lxiv, fo. 132). The allusion is to the negotiations of Frank Finch with Sir John Pettus and Fleetwood (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 228Google Scholar, and supra, no. 86).

^{page 63 note 4} 497 is possibly Lambert. In the letter of Mordaunt to the King of 1 Sept. the following numbers stand for Lambert: 621, 71, 947, 42.

^{page 63 note 5} 199 is Barwick (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 204).Google Scholar

^{page 63 note 6} Printed in C.S.P., iii. 584–5Google Scholar, with the exception of the concluding sentence ‘The honour of your good opinion and kindnesse, my lord, powerfully engages me to be my lord, your lordships most humble and obedient servant Mordaunt.’ Clarendon MSS., vol. lxv, fos. 179–80, largely in deciphered cipher.

^{page 64 note 1} Major Francis Bolton, parliamentarian soldier; major of a regiment of dragoons in Ireland, drowned at sea in Aug. 1659 on his way with troops to England to suppress Booth's rising (Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 113Google Scholar). There is no evidence that he engaged in intrigues concerning Dunkirk.

^{page 64 note 2} Colonel Richard Nugent, 2nd earl of Westmeath (d. 1684), royalist; only son of Christopher Nugent, Lord Delvin, and grandson of Richard Nugent, 1st earl of Westmeath, who died 1642; supported the royalist cause in the civil war in Ireland till 1652, then raised regiments for the Spanish service and went to Flanders. He was an intermediary with General Schomberg to secure Dunkirk by French aid for Charles II (Col. C.S.P., iv. 407Google Scholar; Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 273Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 64 note 3} Compare with this letter that from Lord Mordaunt to the King, dated Calais, 11 Oct. 1659, printed in Carte, Ormonde papers, ii. 223–30Google Scholar. The two letters are very similar and in certain passages identical. But the text in the printed version is fuller than in the Mordaunt MS., which omits all but the last four lines of page 227, and the greater part of pages 229 and 230. There are also numerous differences in wording in the earlier part of the letter. The two letters must be regarded as two versions relating to the same events.

^{page 52 note 4} The person alluded to is probably Colonel Herbert Morley, then in communication with John Evelyn, who was a friend of the Mordaunt family. Morley was in close touch with Hesilrige and on 12 Oct. was appointed by parliament one of the seven commissioners for the army. He appears to have agreed through Evelyn to approach the King, but failed to do so. In Dec. 1659 he secured Portsmouth and with Hesilrige effected the restoration of the parliament (John Evelyn, Diary, edited Wheatley (1879), iii. 177–83).

^{page 65 note 1} Henry Neville (1620–94), republican; 2nd son of Sir Henry Neville of Billingbear, Berks; 1651 member of the council of state; banished from London by Oliver Cromwell for his republicanism; 1659 M.P. for Reading and supported the opposition to the Other House; May 1659 member of the council of state; Nov. 1659 to Feb. 1659–60 member of the ‘Rota’ club and a friend of James Harrington; he supported the parliament against the army in Nov.–Dec. 1659 (Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 173Google Scholar). Died 1694. D.N.B.

^{page 65 note 2} James Harrington (1611–77), political theorist. D.N.B.

^{page 65 note 3} Henry Howard, later 6th duke of Norfolk (1628–84), 2nd son of Henry Howard 2nd earl of Arundel; from 1655 settled at Albury, Surrey; 1677 succeeded his brother Thomas as duke of Norfolk. D.N.B.

^{page 65 note 4} Colonel Morley in 1659 was M.P. for Sussex and held lands there. John Evelyn wished him to assist if the King landed in that county.

^{page 66 note 1} Probably John Evelyn.

^{page 66 note 2} Lord Northampton.

^{page 66 note 3} Sir John Norwich, bart. (d. 1661), parliamentarian; son of Sir Simon Norwich of Brampton, Northants, colonel of regiment of horse in 1644 (Firth, , Regimental history, i. xviGoogle Scholar), 1645 governor of Rockingham Castle; 1642–59 member of parliamentary committees for Northamptonshire (Acts and Ord.); 1656 M.P. for Northants; Jan. 1659–60 colonel of militia in Northants, and welcomed General Monck to Northants on his way to London (Baker, , Chronicle, p. 595).Google Scholar

^{page 66 note 4} Sir Henry Yelverton, bart. (d. 1670), parliamentarian; son of Sir Christopher Yelverton of Easton Maudit, Northants; approached by Barwick in the king's interest (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 201, 227Google Scholar); March 1660 member of the militia committee for Northants (Acts and Ord., ii. 1438).Google Scholar

^{page 67 note 1} Sir Henry Moore, bart., royalist, of Fawley, Berks; son and heir of Sir Henry Moore of Fawley (Cat. Committee for Compounding, iv. 2984Google Scholar). He acted as intermediary between Majorgeneral Massey and Alexander Popham in the west (The Nicholas papers, iv (1920), 97).Google Scholar

^{page 67 note 2} Colonel John Russell.

^{page 67 note 3} Lord Bruce.

^{page 67 note 4} Sir William Compton.

^{page 67 note 5} Sir Charles Compton, royalist, of Grendon, Northants; younger son of Spencer Compton of Northampton and brother of James Compton, 3rd earl of Northampton, and Sir William Compton. He took part in the defence of Banbury for the King (Beesley, , History of Banbury (1884), pp. 391, 398, 419).Google Scholar

^{page 67 note 6} Unidentified.

^{page 67 note 7} Unidentified.

^{page 67 note 8} On the other side, in England.

^{page 68 note 1} Written on his arrival in England on 22 Oct. (C.S.P., iii. 590).Google Scholar

^{page 68 note 2} 26 Oct. 1659 the army set up a committee of safety of 23 members (Guizot, , Richard Cromwell, ii. 272).Google Scholar

^{page 69 note 1} Clarendon MSS., vol. lxv, fos. 206–7, dated Calais 24 Oct. 1659. Partly deciphered cipher. The letter is wrongly dated as from Calais, it has obviously been written after Mordaunt's arrival in England on 22 Oct. The correct date is 24 Oct. 1659.

^{page 69 note 2} supra, no. 95.

^{page 69 note 3} Probably written from Calais, before Mordaunt returned to England.

^{page 69 note 4} Nicholas Armorer had received a letter from John Cooper by 21 Sept. (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 382).Google Scholar

^{page 70 note 1} The earl of Chesterfield was arrested 2 Sept. 1659 for complicity in the rising but released on security 5 Oct.; this letter was evidently written before that date (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, pp. 164, 240).Google Scholar

^{page 70 note 2} Philip Howard (1629–94), the cardinal of Norfolk, was the 3rd son of the 3rd earl of Arundel; 1646 became a Dominican friar; in England May 1659 but escaped abroad. He returned after the restoration, was chaplain to Catherine of Braganza; 1675 created cardinal-priest by Clement X. Died at Rome 1694. D.N.B.

^{page 70 note 3} In his letter to Hyde of 12 Sept. 1659, Cooper defended himself from criticisms brought against him by Mordaunt for his share in the failure of the rising. (C.S.P., iii. 555–7.)Google Scholar

^{page 70 note 4} The letter is printed in full in C.S.P., iii. 552–5Google Scholar, under date Sept. 1659, and also in Carte, Ormonde papers, ii. 194–200Google Scholar, undated, from the original. The Clarendon MSS., vol. lxiv, fos. 346–7, is a copy by Hartgill Baron endorsed by Hyde. The letter should be dated October, before 4 Oct., by which date Mordaunt had sent Baron with it to the King (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 399Google Scholar).

Mordaunt's account of Booth's defeat should be compared with the three letters of Lambert read in Parliament, 22, 23 Aug. 1659. They are printed in Atkinson, Tracts relating to the civil war in Cheshire, 1641–59, Chetham Society (1909), pp. 167–75.

^{page 70 note 5} 6, 7 in deciphered cipher in the original.

^{page 71 note 1} Colonel Gilbert Ireland, in command of the garrison at Liverpool, joined Booth (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 147Google Scholar; Atkinson, , op. cit., p. 172).Google Scholar

^{page 71 note 2} Colonel Richard Holland, parliamentarian; of Middlewich, Lanes; supported the parliamentarian cause in the civil war (Atkinson, , op. cit., p. 150Google Scholar; Acts and Ord., i. 1239Google Scholar), issued warrants to raise troops for Booth's rising (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 381Google Scholar); taken prisoner in the rising (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 160).Google Scholar

^{page 71 note 3} Major Peter Brooke, parliamentarian; M.P. for Newton, Lancs, March 1646, but disabled Sept. 1646; Dec. 1648 member of militia committee for Lanes (Acts and Ord., i. 1239Google Scholar); March 1660 member of militia committee for Cheshire (Acts and Ord., ii. 1428Google Scholar), taken prisoner in Booth's rising (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 160).Google Scholar

^{page 71 note 4} Colonel Robert Croxton, parliamentarian, governor of Chester Castle (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, pp. 67, 73, 84).Google Scholar

^{page 71 note 5} Sir Thomas Middleton (1586–1666), parliamentarian, eldest son of Sir Thomas Middleton of Chirk Castle; M.P. for Weymouth and Melcombe Regis 1624–25, for Denbighshire 1625, Nov. 1640, till secluded, Dec. 1648; 1642–45 commanded the parliamentarian forces in North Wales; 1651 had to give security for good behaviour; Aug. 1659 Chirk Castle surrendered to royalist troops (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 309Google Scholar) and Sir Thomas Middleton joined Booth's rising (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 87Google Scholar); after its defeat he retired to Chirk Castle but fled before its surrender to Lambert on 24 Aug. 1659 (C.J., vii. 769Google Scholar); his estate sequestrated (Cal. Committee for Compounding, v. 3246Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 71 note 6} Charles Stanley, 8th earl of Derby (1628–72), royalist; eldest son of James Stanley, 7th earl of Derby, executed 15 Oct. 1651; he joined Booth's rising (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 316Google Scholar); was captured after its defeat (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 147Google Scholar); was imprisoned till 28 Dec. 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 498Google Scholar); at the restoration restored as 8th earl of Derby. D.N.B.

^{page 71 note 7} Unidentified.

^{page 71 note 8} Unidentified.

^{page 71 note 9} Lord Mordaunt left Captain Titus at Calais on 18 Oct. 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 414Google Scholar) and reached London by 22 Oct. (ibid., iv. 422).

^{page 71 note 10} He is alluding here to his prophecy of the breach between the army and the parliament of 13 Oct. ‘Sts’ is contraction for sortes or omens.

^{page 72 note 1} A veiled allusion to the design on Bristol on which Titus with Massey was engaged.

^{page 72 note 2} Lake Lucrine, a small lake on the coast of Campania, was famous for its oysters.

^{page 72 note 3} Lucretia. Her husband's cousin, Lucius Junius Brutus, drove out the Tarquins and established a republic. In this veiled language, Mordaunt is evidently implying that the moment is propitious in England for another attempt to overthrow the army, and restore the King. ‘Lucrece’ must be an allusion to England, but it is a forced one.

^{page 72 note 4} The correct date is as in Clarendon MSS., vol. lxvi, fos. 113–14, 31 Oct. 1659. The letter is in partly deciphered cipher. It includes a paragraph, omitted in the Mordaunt MS., beginning in the printed text, C.S.P., iii. 593, ‘For Sir Richard Willis,’ and ending on p. 594, ‘miserere etc. etc.’

^{page 72 note 5} 15/25 Oct. infra, 103. no. 22 Oct./1 Nov. infra, no. 116.

^{page 72 note 6} Hartgill Baron, sent by Mordaunt to the King.

^{page 73 note 1} Monck's letters to the speaker, to Fleetwood, and to Lambert asserted his support of parliament against arbitrary action by the army. He also issued a ‘Declaration of the commander-in-chief in Scotland and the officers under his command’ (23 Oct.); all were printed as pamphlets (The Clarke papers, iv (1901), 66–7, n. 2).Google Scholar

^{page 73 note 2} Major-general Massey was then at Dort (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 422Google Scholar). He did not return to England till Jan. 1659–60 (ibid., iv. 533).

^{page 73 note 3} Printed in full in Carte, Ormonde papers, ii. 201–2Google Scholar, under date 12 Sept. 1659 and signed ‘225’. The postscript is omitted in Carte, but the concluding sentence contains the following clause omitted in the Mordaunt MS., ‘I shall omit no opportunity in that or any other thing to manifest myself, your most faithful servant, 225’. The correct date is 25 Oct. 1659.

^{page 73 note 4} John Barwick to the King 12 Sept. 1659 (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 202–4).Google Scholar

^{page 73 note 5} John Barwick to the King 13 Oct. 1659 (supra, no. 88).

^{page 74 note 1} Clarendon MSS., vol. lxv, fos. 235–6, draft by Bulteale, but without the last sentence, ‘As I was closing … lord.’ 15/25 Oct. 1659.

^{page 74 note 2} Supra, no. 82.

^{page 75 note 1} Hyde's doubts of French assistance were well founded. In his letter of 29 Aug./8 Sept. 1659 to Turenne, Mazariu emphasized the need of caution in regard to English appeals to assist Charles II (D'Avenel, , Lettres de Cardinal Mazarin, ix (1896), 274–9.Google Scholar

^{page 75 note 2} Henry Bennet to Hyde, Fuentarabia, 4/14 Oct. 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 399).Google Scholar

^{page 75 note 3} Printed in full in C.S.P., iii. 590Google Scholar. Clarendon MSS., vol. lxvi, fo. 43. Endorsed by H. Hyde, partly deciphered cipher.

^{page 75 note 4} Lieutenant-colonel John Duckenfield, who had taken a leading part in the promotion of the Derby petition, prevented bloodshed between the troops of Lambert and the parliament on 12 Oct. and took part in the ejection of the parliament on 13 Oct. (infra, no. 107; Ludlow, . Memoirs, ii. 139Google Scholar; Firth, , Regimental history, ii. 412–13).Google Scholar

^{page 76 note 1} Charles Lyttleton brought to Hyde the news of the breach between the army and the parliament (C.S.P., iii. 596).Google Scholar

^{page 76 note 2} Incorrectly described in the heading to the letter as Sir ‘Henry’ instead of Sir ‘Herbert’ Lunsford.

^{page 76 note 3} Marshal Turenne.

^{page 76 note 4} Bordeaux in his letter to Mazarin of 25 Nov./5 Dec. says that after the rupture of the parliament, the posts were closed and his despatches detained (Guizot, , Richard Cromwell, ii. 292).Google Scholar

^{page 76 note 5} Printed in full, and with several additional paragraphs describing in detail the events of 12–13 Oct. 1659 in London, in Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 244–9Google Scholar). In the original Carte MSS., vol. xxx, fo. 487, Mordaunt's signature is given in cipher.

^{page 77 note 1} The speaker asked Lieutenant-general Fleetwood if he would agree to be one of the seven commissioners, appointed by the parliament 13 Oct. 1659, to control the army and he agreed to do so (Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 137).Google Scholar

^{page 77 note 2} Bordeaux in his letter to Mazarin of 20/30 Oct. 1659 confirms this account of the army's plan to form a council with a senate of 70 (Guizot, , Richard Cromwell, ii. 267, 272).Google Scholar

^{page 77 note 3} Sir Arthur Hesilrige.

^{page 77 note 4} Lieutenant-colonel Ralph Cobbett, was sent on 16 Oct. by Fleetwood and the council of officers to Monck to represent their case. 22 Oct. he was arrested at Berwick by Monck's orders (The Clarke papers, iv. 69).Google Scholar

^{page 77 note 5} Colonel Robert Overton refused to sign the address circulated by Fleetwood to the army. He wished to maintain a neutral position, but on refusing to pledge himself to Monck to act against the army in England, was deprived by Monck of his command (Firth, , Regimental history, ii. 558–9).Google Scholar

^{page 77 note 6} Lieutenant-colonel Edward Salmon, parliamentarian soldier, in 1649 in regiment of foot; 1649 he was deputy governor of Hull (Firth, , Regimental history, ii. 531Google Scholar); 1656 one of the Admiralty commissioners (ibid., ii. 532); in Oct. 1659 he took the side of Lambert and Fleetwood against the parliament (ibid., ii. 533).

^{page 77 note 7} Sir Richard Willis.

^{page 78 note 1} Dr. George Wilde (1610–65), bishop of Derry, son of Henry Wilde citizen of London; 1647 ejected from his fellowship at St. John's college, Oxford, and from his living of Biddenden, Kent; 1654–55 he preached in London at St. Gregory's; 1660–61 bishop of Derry. Died Dec. 1665 at Dublin. D.N.B.

^{page 78 note 2} Charles Gerard, 1st Baron Gerard and earl of Macclesfield (d. 1694), royalist; eldest son of Sir Charles Gerard of Brandon, Suffolk; in the first civil war he commanded the King's forces in South Wales; from 1646 he was in exile. 1652 he commanded the King's life guards; he also served in 1654 under Turenne as a volunteer. In Oct. 1659 he was in Paris. He returned to England at the restoration. 1645 Baron Gerard; 1679 created earl of Macclesfield. Died 1694. D.N.B.

^{page 78 note 3} Printed in full in C.S.P., iii. 590–1Google Scholar. Clarendon MSS., vol. lxvi, fos. 44–5, partly in deciphered cipher.

^{page 79 note 1} Charles Lyttleton did not start from Calais with Mordaunt's letters to the King till after 4 Nov.; he was still then at Calais (Cat. C.S.P., iv. 432).Google Scholar

^{page 79 note 2} Unidentified.

^{page 79 note 3} Hartgill Baron.

^{page 79 note 4} This refers to the duke of York's plan for invading England from Boulogne in Aug. 1659, with the aid of Turenne, who supplied him with 7,000 to 8,000 francs of his own money (de Grimoard, , Collection de lettres et memoires du maréchal de Turenne, i. 304).Google Scholar

^{page 79 note 5} Unsigned.

^{page 79 note 6} Incorrectly headed ‘Sir Henry Lunsford’ instead of Sir ‘Herbert’.

^{page 79 note 7} The correspondence of Turenne with his wife and with Cardinal Mazarin, shows that after he had learnt of the failure of Booth's rising, he thought no landing was possible for the duke of York in Sept. or Oct., though his will to assist remained good (de Grimoard, , Collection das lettres et mémoires du maréchal de Turenne, i. 301–3).Google Scholar

^{page 80 note 1} Lieutenant-colonel Thomas Howard, 6th son of Thomas Howard, 1st earl of Berkshire, and cousin to Mordaunt, was acting under his directions with Lunsford in negotiations with Turenne (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 230).Google Scholar

^{page 80 note 2} Frederick Herman, duke of Schomberg (1615–90), soldier, the only son of Hans Meinhard von Schomberg of Heidelberg, marshal of the Palatinate; served in the Dutch and Swedish armies in the Thirty Years War and after 1650 as a volunteer in the French army. June 1655 he was appointed lieutenant-general under Turenne and fought at the battle of the Dunes 14 July 1658. He was appointed governor of Bergues, Furnes and Dixmuyden (de Ramsay, , History of Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne (1735), i. 325Google Scholar); Aug. 1659 he tried to draw over to Charles II's cause officers in the garrison at Dunkirk (Carte, , Ormonde, iii. 683Google Scholar); in Oct. 1659 he expressed a wish to enter the king's service (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 405Google Scholar). He acted as intermediary between Mordaunt and Turenne. After the peace of the Pyrenees he served in the armies of Portugal, England, France, but after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes left France and died at the battle of the Boyne (1690) in the service of William III. D.N.B.

^{page 80 note 3} Lambert did not leave London for the north till 3 Nov. 1659 (Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 151).Google Scholar

^{page 81 note 1} General Monck marched to Edinburgh on 18 Oct.; 21 Oct. Berwick was secured for him by Captain Johnson; the attempt to secure Carlisle failed, and Lambert's forces occupied Newcastle before Monck's troops could do so (Baker, , Chronicle, pp. 582, 583Google Scholar). Mordaunt's figures of Monck's army are not accurate; in Oct. 1659 Monck commanded 10 regiments of foot, 3 of horse and 4 companies of dragoons (The Clarke papers, iv. xxii).Google Scholar

^{page 81 note 2} Hartgill Baron, whom Mordaunt had sent to the King at the beginning of Oct.

^{page 81 note 3} The presbyterians.

^{page 81 note 4} Unsigned.

^{page 81 note 5} In his letter of 22 Oct./1 Nov. 1659 to Mordaunt, Hyde gives an account of the robbery of the post from Calais to Paris (infra, no. 117).

^{page 82 note 1} The overture to Monck by some of the presbyterians was also believed in by Barwick (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 256).Google Scholar

^{page 82 note 2} The proposals of the presbyterians to Charles I in Sept. 1648 in the treaty of Newport.

^{page 82 note 3} Colonel Francis Hacker (d. 1660), regicide, 3rd son of Francis Hacker of East Bridgeford and Colston Basset, Notts; he supported the parliament in the first civil war in Leicestershire; 1649 regicide and supervised the execution of Charles I; 1659 M.P. for Leicestershire; June 1659 accepted commission from the speaker (Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 90–1Google Scholar); Oct. 1659 suspended from his command (Firth, , Regimental history, i. 236Google Scholar); he was reinstated in Jan. 1660 (ibid., i. 237); executed as a regicide 19 Oct. 1660 (ibid., i. 239). D.N.B.

^{page 83 note 1} General Monck.

^{page 83 note 2} Clarendon MSS., vol. lxvi, fo. 13, 22 Oct./1 Nov. 1659: holograph draft.

^{page 83 note 3} Mordaunt to Hyde 17/27 Oct. 1657, Clarendon MSS., vol. lxv, fos. 244–5, endorsed by Hyde.

^{page 84 note 1} Clarendon MSS., vol. lxvi, fo. 316, draft by Bulteale. The letter is calendared under the date 19/29 Nov.? in Cal. C.S.P., iv. 453Google Scholar, but its correct date is 22 Oct./1 Nov. The answer to it is the letter of Mordaunt to Hyde, 24 Oct. (supra, no. 100).

^{page 84 note 2} Clarendon MSS., vol. lxv, fos. 190–2 (supra, no. 66).

^{page 84 note 3} Clarendon MSS., vol. lxv, fos. 143–4 (C.S.P., iii. 574–5).Google Scholar

^{page 84 note 4} Colonel Sir William Lockhart arrived at St. Jean de Luz by 1/11 Aug. 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 304Google Scholar). Monsieur de Marcés, an official in the French post office, intercepted in the interests of Charles II, some of Lockhart's letters to England (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 132Google Scholar), but Lockhart also intercepted letters of Hyde; the discovery of this by Marcés made him fear detection, and he fled to Brussels in the end of Sept. (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 383).Google Scholar

^{page 85 note 1} Colonel Robert Phelips (d. 1707), and son of Sir Robert Phelips of Montacute, Somerset; assisted the King's escape after the battle of Worcester (Clarendon, , Hist., xiii. 103Google Scholar); gentleman of the chamber to the duke of Gloucester (The Nicholas papers, ii (1892), 296Google Scholarn. a); 1687 chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster.

^{page 85 note 2} In his reply to this letter, dated 31 Oct. 1659, Mordaunt told Hyde ‘Colonel Russell has done no good offices betwixt my Lord of Oxford and me’ (C.S.P., iii. 593).Google Scholar

^{page 86 note 1} Richard Nicholls, who continued to support the cause of Sir Richard Willis (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 435).Google Scholar

^{page 87 note 1} This letter is the same in wording as the second part of that of Sir Edward Nicholas to ‘Mr. Jones’ (Hartgill Baron) 1/11 Oct. 1659, in Flanders correspondence (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 235Google Scholar). From this letter it is possible to decipher the numbers in the letter to Lady Mordaunt. L. is Lambert, whose cipher number is 824, 244 is the King, 505 the Kingdom, 765 Lord Mordaunt. The letter is unsigned.

^{page 88 note 1} In a letter of 2 Dec. 1659 to Hyde, Sir John Grenville alluded to his having reported to Mordaunt and Rumbold on the mission of Nicholas Monck to General Monck in Scotland, of which Hyde had still no news on 18/28 Nov. (C.S.P., iii. 618Google Scholar, and Cal. C.S.P., iv. 450).Google Scholar

^{page 89 note 1} Lionel Cranfield, 3rd earl of Middlesex (d. 1674), 2nd son of Lionel Cranfield, 1st earl of Middlesex and brother of James Cranfield, the 2nd earl. He was drawn into supporting the rising of 1659 by Sir John Grenville (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 275Google Scholar). He rose, was arrested in Lincolnshire, but released 19 Aug. 1659 on security (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, pp. 75, 127Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 89 note 2} Sir Arnold Breames of Bridge Court, Kent, son of Charles Breames of Dover. In Jan. and Feb. 1659–60 he was still engaged in trying to win Vice-admiral Lawson over to the King (Cal. C.S.P., iv, 533, 550, 565).Google Scholar

^{page 90 note 1} Vice-admiral Sir John Lawson, anabaptist and republican, was dismissed from his command in 1657, but restored in May 1659 by the parliament, and appointed vice-admiral of the fleet in the narrow seas. On 13 Dec. he declared for the restoration of the parliament. D.N.B.

^{page 91 note 1} Nicholas Armorer arrived at Bordeaux on 24 Oct./3 Nov., on his way to the King with despatches from Mordaunt (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 420Google Scholar). Armorer arrived at Fuentarabia on 27 Oct./ 6 Nov. (The Nicholas papers, iv. 188).Google Scholar

^{page 91 note 2} Charles II was received by Don Lewis de Haro in Fuentarabia on 18/28 Oct. (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 263).Google Scholar

^{page 91 note 3} Sir Henry Bennet (1618–85), 1st earl of Arlington, royalist and secretary of state; 2nd son of Sir John Bennet of Arlington, Middlesex; fought for the King in the first civil war; in exile secretary to the duke of York; March 1657 sent as the King's agent to the court of Madrid (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 264Google Scholar); 15 July 1659 arrived at St. Sebastians for the negotiations for the peace of the Pyrenees (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 280Google Scholar); Nov. 1659 after the peace was signed returned to Madrid; Oct. 1662–74 secretary of state; 1672 created earl of Arlington. D.N.B.

^{page 91 note 4} The King asked Armorer to write to ‘his friend’, that is Colonel Nugent, to hold up the business of an attempt on Dunkirk till the King returned to Flanders (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 431Google Scholar, 3/13 Nov. 1659, Armorer to Hyde).

^{page 91 note 5} Lord Gerard was also engaged on a scheme to win over the garrison of Dunkirk for the King. Charles II told Armorer he would write to Gerard to stop him from acting in the matter (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 431).Google Scholar

^{page 92 note 1} This is a reference to Lord Mordaunt.

^{page 92 note 2} Elizabeth, dowager countess of Peterborough (d. 1671), was the daughter and sole heiress of William lord Howard of Effingham. She married John Mordaunt, 1st earl of Peterborough, and had three children, Henry, 2nd earl of Peterborough, John Lord Mordaunt and Elizabeth, who married Thomas Howard, 2nd Lord Howard of Esrick. D.N.B.

^{page 92 note 3} The reference is to the mother-in-law of John Lord Mordaunt. This was Margaret, the widowed Lady Herbert. She was the daughter and heiress of Sir Thomas Smith, married Thomas Carey, 2nd son of Robert 1st earl of Monmouth, by whom she had two daughters, Philadelphia, who married Sir Henry Lyttleton, and Elizabeth, who married Lord Mordaunt. After the death of Thomas Carey in 1648 she married Sir Edward Herbert, attorney-general to Charles I and keeper of the great seal to Charles II; he died in 1657. Lord Mordaunt had considerable difficulties in his relations both with his mother and his mother-in-law, this is the meaning of the allusion.

^{page 92 note 4} The letter enclosed was probably Carte MSS., vol. xxx, fo. 492, 26 Oct./5 Nov. 1659, the duke of York to Lord Mordaunt; it is printed in Carte, Ormonde papers, ii. 259–61Google Scholar; there is a draft of it by Hyde in Clarendon MSS., vol. lxvi, fos. 34–5.

^{page 92 note 5} Sir Herbert Lunsford.

^{page 92 note 6} 37 is probably the Sealed Knot, but the key to the cipher used by Lady Mordaunt to her husband has not been found.

^{page 93 note 1} John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton (d. 1678), royalist; youngest son of Sir Maurice Berkeley of Bruton, Somerset; 1638 knighted; Nov. 1640 M.P. for Heytesbury; fought for the King in the west in the first civil war, 1647 with Charles I in his flight to the Isle of Wight; governor to the duke of York, 1652–55 served under Turenne as a volunteer, and with the duke of York in 1656. joined the Spanish army in Flanders; 19 May 1658 created Baron Berkeley of Stratton. D.N.B.

^{page 93 note 2} General Schomberg wrote to Marshal Turenne on 26 Oct./5 Nov. 1659 asking him to send to Lady Mordaunt a letter expressing his offer to assist the King's cause (de Grimoard, , Collection des lettres et mémoires du maréchal de Turenne (1782), i, 313).Google Scholar

^{page 93 note 3} Probably 534 is Sir Herbert Lunsford, who in his letter to Lady Mordaunt of 19/29 Oct. 1659 (supra, no. 111) advised her to communicate with Lieutenant-colonel Thomas Howard, probably the person designated here as ‘Mr. Thomas’.

^{page 93 note 4} Hartgill Baron.

^{page 93 note 5} Probably the cipher refers to the duke of York.

^{page 93 note 6} Probably a reference to General Schomberg.

^{page 93 note 7} Unsigned.

^{page 93 note 8} This is evidently the covering letter to that of the duke of York to Lord Mordaunt of 26 Oct./5 Nov. 1659, printed in Carte, Ormonde papers, ii. 259–61Google Scholar. Clarendon MSS., vol. lxvi, fos. 34–5. 26 Oct./5 Nov. Draft by Hyde.

^{page 93 note 9} Mordaunt evidently wrote to the duke of York as to Hyde on 17/27 Oct. 1659, on the eve of his return to England (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 414).Google Scholar

^{page 93 note 10} Charles Lyttleton brought Mordaunt's letter to Hyde of 27 Oct. 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 419Google Scholar) and probably his letter of the same date to the duke of York. The duke sent back his reply to Mordaunt by Charles Lyttleton (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 259Google Scholar). Charles Lyttleton's elder brother, Sir Henry Lyttleton, married Philadelphia Carey, daughter of Thomas Carey, and sister to Lady Mordaunt (Reilly, , Historical anecdotes, p. 34).Google Scholar

^{page 94 note 1} Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, pp. 261–2Google Scholar, 5/15 Nov. 1659. Secretary Nicholas to Lord Mordaunt (Flanders S.P. 77, 32, part 2, fo. 329, partly shorthand, endorsed ‘copy of myne to Ld Mordaunt, sent by an express by Col. Ch. Nichols’.

^{page 94 note 2} ‘London’ in the copy by Nicholas.

^{page 94 note 3} ‘Where’ in the copy by Nicholas.

^{page 94 note 4} ‘Duke of York’ in the copy by Nicholas.

^{page 94 note 5} ‘Ld. Ch.’ in the copy by Nicholas, the ‘lord chancellor’ who wrote to William Rumbold on 5/15 Nov. 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 437Google Scholar, in part in C.S.P., iii. 605–6).Google Scholar

^{page 94 note 6} ‘R. W.’ is ‘Mr Rumbold’ in the copy by Nicholas.

^{page 95 note 1} Charles II was received at Fuentarabia by Don Luis de Haro on 18/28 Oct. 1659 (Cal, S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 263).Google Scholar

^{page 95 note 2} On the King's reception, see Carte, Ormonde, iii. 686.

^{page 95 note 3} The peace of the Pyrenees was signed on 28 Oct./7 Nov. 1659.

^{page 95 note 4} In the copy by Nicholas, the sentence runs, ‘You will understand by the Duke of York's letter sent thence by Ch. Littleton what you may expect from hence’.

^{page 95 note 5} ‘Hart. Baron’ in the copy by Nicholas.

^{page 95 note 6} Supra, no. 114, 31 Oct 1659, Mordaunt to the King.

^{page 95 note 7} William Pierrepoint (1607 ?–78), parliamentarian; 2nd son of Robert Pierrepoint, 1st earl of Kingston; M.P. for Great Wenlock Nov. 1640; secluded 1648; M.P. for Notts 1654, 1656, member of the Other House 1658; friend of Thurloe and St. John (Burton, Diary, edited Rutt (1828), iv. 274Google Scholar); 23 Feb. 1659–60 member of council of state (C.J., vii. 849), D.N.B. and Wood, , Nottinghamshire in the civil war (1937)Google Scholar. The ‘project’ was the scheme to restore the King but on the terms of the Treaty of Newport.

^{page 95 note 8} Algernon Percy, 10th earl of Northumberland (1602–68), parliamentarian; eldest son of Henry, the 9th earl, 1638 lord high admiral but June 1642 dismissed; supported the parliament till 1648, thenceforward in retirement, refused to sit in the Other House. D.N.B.

^{page 95 note 9} William Russell, 5th earl and 1st duke of Bedford (1613–1700), 2nd but eldest surviving son of Francis, the 4th earl, M.P. for Tavistock Nov. 1640; 1641 succeeded his father as earl of Bedford; supported the parliament and the King in turn in the first civil war, but after 1644 abstained from politics. D.N.B.

^{page 95 note 10} John Holles, 2nd earl of Clare (1596–1666), eldest sou of John Holles, the 1st earl, whom he succeeded in 1637; supported the parliament and the King in turn till 1644, afterwards abstained from politics. D.N.B., and Memorials of the Holles family, by Gervase Holies, edited Wood, R. Hist. S., Camden series, vol. 55 (1937), p. 191.

^{page 96 note 1} Montague Bertie, 2nd earl of Lindsey (1608 ?–66), royalist; eldest son of the 1st earl of Lindsey, fought in the first civil war for the King and was one of his commissioners in the negotiations for the Isle of Wight treaty. He was one of the four noblemen who attended the burial of Charles I (Clarendon, , Hist., xi. 244Google Scholar). April 1661 Knight of the Garter. Died 1666. D.N.B.

^{page 96 note 2} Sir Charles Pym, parliamentarian, son of John Pym, served in the parliamentarian army in the civil war; was created a baronet by Richard Cromwell and the title was confirmed by Charles II in 1663. He was M.P. for Minehead in the Convention parliament.

^{page 96 note 3} Colonel Sir Henry Ingoldsby, brother of Sir Richard Ingoldsby the regicide, son-in-law to Sir Hardress Waller; 1653–59 he was governor of Limerick (Firth, , Regimental history, ii. 447, 623–4Google Scholar), was created a baronet by Cromwell (ibid., ii. 645); July 1659 escaped to France (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 19Google Scholar); 28 Dec. 1659 he was thanked by the restored parliament for securing Windsor Castle (C.J., vii. 798).Google Scholar

^{page 96 note 4} On 9/19 Nov. 1659 the common council of the city of London according to the report of Bordeaux, passed a resolution that ‘those sectaries against whom the people are greatly enraged shall no longer be employed to guard the town (Guizot, , Richard Cromwell, ii. 285Google Scholar). On Fleetwood's relations with the common council see the report of the Venetian resident Francesco Giavarina (Cal. S.P. Venetian, 1659–61 (1931), p. 92).Google Scholar

^{page 96 note 5} Unsigned.

^{page 97 note 1} ‘Mr N.’ is Mr. Richard Nicolls (supra, no. 15, n. 1).

^{page 97 note 2} Colonel Nugent was engaged with Sir Herbert Lunsford in the scheme to win over to the King the garrison of Dunkirk (supra, no. 92).

^{page 97 note 3} Thomas de la Val was a merchant of Dunkirk in 1658, and held the office of collector of customs there (Thurloe, , S.P., vii. 305, 308, 701, 732Google Scholar; Cal. S.P, Dom., 1659–60, pp. 214, 245).Google Scholar

^{page 98 note 1} The duke of York had given instructions to Richard Nicolls for the securing of Dunkirk, 8/18 Nov. 1659 (The Nicholas papers, iv (1930), 189–90).Google Scholar

^{page 98 note 2} See supra, no. 56 for the proposals made by Colonel Richard Ingoldsby to Mordaunt and sent by him to the King.

^{page 98 note 3} The letter so far is printed in full in Carte, Ormonde papers, ii. 262–3Google Scholar, but the Mordaunt MS. at the end gives the following additional paragraph:—‘Unless I be exceedingly deceived myself, I shall never be the instrument of deceiving you or any other worthy person; that like you manifest their zeale and honour, with soe much industry and hazzard; and this opinion I shall beseech you to continue of me, and procure to me from those you converse with and so I shall still be fit to be, as really I am, My Lord, your most faithfull humble servant, Ormonde.’

^{page 98 note 4} Lord Mordaunt's letter to Ormonde of 28 Oct. 1659 is printed in Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 238–40.Google Scholar

^{page 98 note 5} The conference between Ormonde and Cardinal Mazarin took place on 2/12 Nov. 1659 (Carte, , Ormonde, iii. 688).Google Scholar

^{page 99 note 1} Supra, no. 131.

^{page 99 note 2} Hartgill Baron reached Calais on his return with letters from the King and Sir Henry Bennet, on 15/25 Nov. 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 448).Google Scholar

^{page 99 note 3} Incorrectly described in the heading to the letter as Sir ‘Henry’.

^{page 99 note 4} Supra, no. 105.

^{page 100 note 1} General Schomberg in his letter to Marshal Turenne of 26 Oct./5 Nov. 1659 refers to Sir Herbert Lunsford as the intermediary between Lady Mordaunt and Turenne (de Grimoard, , Collection des lettres et mémoires du maréchal de Turenne (1782), i. 313).Google Scholar

^{page 100 note 2} A Captain Miles Meredith is mentioned in Firth, Regimental history, ii. 565–6Google Scholar, but there is no evidence that he was of the garrison of Dunkirk. There is no mention of a Captain Meredith in the Clarendon State Papers.

^{page 100 note 3} Lady Mary Carey was the daughter of Henry Carey, 4th Lord Hunsdon, and the cousin of Lady Mordaunt (Reilly, , Historical anecdotes, p. 33).Google Scholar

^{page 101 note 1} Clarendon MSS., vol. lxvi, fos. 169–70. 5/15 Nov. Draft by Bulteale with corrections by Hyde.

^{page 101 note 2} The letters referred to are those of Mordaunt to the duke of York of 27 Oct (supra, no. 109), to Sir Edward Nicholas, undated (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 261Google Scholar), to Captain Titus, 24 Oct. (supra, no. 99), to Major-general Massey, 25 Oct. (supra, no. 101).

^{page 101 note 3} The duke of York wrote to Lord Mordaunt on 5/15 Nov. 1659 (infra, no. 138). Sir Edward Nicholas also wrote on the same date to Mordaunt (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 261).Google Scholar

^{page 101 note 4} Hyde to Rumbold 5/15 Nov. 1659 (C.S.P., iii. 605–6).Google Scholar

^{page 101 note 5} Sir Richard Willis.

^{page 102 note 1} Bulstrode Whitelocke (1605–75), parliamentarian lawyer, eldest son of Sir James Whitelocke; Nov. 1640 M.P. for Marlow; supported the parliament in the first civil war; 1649 one of three commissioners of the new great seal in 1649 and in 1654, but was deprived of his office in 1655 by Cromwell; 1654 and 1656 M.P. for Bucks; Jan. 1659–60 restored to his office as commissioner of the great seal; he was a member of the committee of safety of twenty-three persons set up by the army 26 Oct. 1659 (Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 131Google Scholar); Jan. 16 he surrendered his custody of the great seal and retired to the country (Whitelocke, , Memorials, p. 694Google Scholar); was not excepted from pardon in 1660. Died 1675. D.N.B.

^{page 102 note 4} Printed except for the last sentence in C.S.P., iii. 604–5Google Scholar, under date 15 Nov. and also in Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 268–9Google Scholar, again without the last sentence, which runs thus, ‘I have nothing to add to what is in cipher, it being all I have to say to you, and there is nothing truer than the last part of this letter’. Clarendon MSS., vol. lxvi, fo. 185, is a draft by Hyde. Carte MSS., vol. xxx, fo. 502; proper names in cipher.

^{page 102 note 3} Hartgill Baron.

^{page 102 note 4} The only signature is the emblem of the knot.

^{page 103 note 1} Nicholas Armorer arrived at Fuentarabia 27 Oct. with the first news of the dissolution of the parliament (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 427Google Scholar). He reached Paris on his return journey on 17 Nov. (ibid., iv. 449). This letter deals in veiled language with the design on Dunkirk planned by Colonel Nugent, with General Schomberg.

^{page 103 note 2} Probably Schomberg, who was at Calais by Mordaunt's request, in order that he might be able to give news quickly to Marshal Turenne (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 269).Google Scholar

^{page 103 note 3} ‘Mr. E.’ is the King.

^{page 103 note 4} The cipher stands for Paris, to which Charles II was planning to return on his way to Brussels.

^{page 103 note 5} ‘Mr. O.’ is probably the marquis of Ormonde, who accompanied the King on his return journey (Carte, , Ormonde, iii. 690).Google Scholar

^{page 103 note 6} ‘Mr. Y’, possibly the duke of York.

^{page 103 note 7} The numerical cipher probably refers to Lord Gerard, whom Armorer had found in Paris planning a design on Dunkirk (supra, no. 123, and Cal. C.S.P., iv. 431).Google Scholar

^{page 103 note 8} Percy Church.

^{page 103 note 9} ‘Mr. S.’ may refer to General Schomberg.

^{page 104 note 1} ‘Mrs. Dorothy’ probably means the design on Dunkirk.

^{page 104 note 2} Daniel O'Neill (1612–64), soldier and royalist, eldest son of Con McNeill McFachartaigh O'Neill; he became a Protestant, served as a soldier abroad and also in England on the King's side till 1649; groom of the bedchamber to Charles II; in 1655 he was arrested in England but escaped (The Nicholas papers, ii (1892), 211Google Scholar; Cal. C.S.P., iii. 20, 21, 36Google Scholar); he accompanied Ormonde to England Jan. 1658 (Carte, , Ormonde, iii. 660Google Scholar) and Charles II to Fuentarabia Oct. 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 363, 418Google Scholar), and returned with him to Brussels; 1663 postmaster-general. D.N.B.

^{page 104 note 3} Mr. Plunket. His identity is uncertain. There is a Nicholas Plunket mentioned Sept. 1659 as being considered for release on bail (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 185Google Scholar). He is possibly the Nicholas Plunket, mentioned by Carte (Ormonde, i. 202, 237Google Scholar) as spokesman of the Irish committee received in council by Charles I Dec. 1640. Carte states that he was afterwards knighted by the Pope (Ormonde, i. 202).Google Scholar

^{page 104 note 4} Elizabeth countess of Ormonde (1615–85) was the daughter and heir of Richard earl of Desmond. She married James Butler, marquis and 1st duke of Ormonde in 1629 (Carte, , Ormonde, i 13, 17Google Scholar). From 1651 to 1653 she was in England engaged in recovering her lands from sequestration (Carte, , Ormonde, iii. 628–30Google Scholar), and from 1653 to the restoration lived at Dunmare Castle in Ireland (ibid., iv. 633). She was connected with Lady Mordaunt, whose cousin Elizabeth Mary, daughter of Henry Carey, 2nd earl of Monmouth, married William, earl of Desmond.

^{page 104 note 5} This is probably a reference to the difficulties experienced by Lady Mordaunt in her relations with her mother-in-law, the dowager countess of Peterborough. References to her severity are found in The private diary of Elizabeth, Viscountess Mordaunt, privately printed 1856.

^{page 105 note 1} Hartgill Baron.

^{page 105 note 2} Supra, no. 139.

^{page 105 note 3} Henry Booth at Calais (supra, no. 15, n. 5).

^{page 105 note 4} Nicholas Armorer was appointed equerry to the King (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 431) on the recommendation of Hyde.Google Scholar

^{page 105 note 6} Lord Mordaunt.

^{page 106 note 6} The punctuation of this letter has been modernised to render it intelligible, but the spelling has been retained as in the MS. General Schomberg was writing from Paris.

^{page 106 note 7} On 10 Sept. 1659 the council of state ordered £10,000 and stores to be sent to the garrison of Dunkirk (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 186).Google Scholar

^{page 106 note 1} William Geering, express courier from England, reached Bordeaux on his way to Sir William Lockhart on 25 Oct. 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 420Google Scholar). Lockhart on 30 Oct. went post to Dunkirk from Fuentarabia (ibid., iv. 441), having been summoned back to England by the council of state (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 249).Google Scholar

^{page 106 note 2} The duke of York and the duke of Gloucester went to Breda at the beginning of Nov. to see their sister the princess of Orange (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 441).Google Scholar

^{page 106 note 3} Schomberg's account of the disturbed state of London and the desire of the citizens for a free parliament, is corroborated by Bordeaux in his letter to Mazarin of 10/20 Nov. 1659 (Guizot, , Richard Cromwell, ii. 285).Google Scholar

^{page 106 note 4} Schomberg wrote to Turenne on 15 Nov. 1659 (de Grimoard, , Collection des lettres et memoires du maréchal de Turenne (1782), i. 313).Google Scholar

^{page 106 note 5} Monsieur Beaumont is a pseudonym for Charles II.

^{page 106 note 6} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 107 note 1} Henry Carey, 2nd earl of Monmouth (d. 1661). Lady Mordaunt was the daughter of his younger brother Thomas Carey.

^{page 107 note 2} The two sons of Lord and Lady Mordaunt, Charles and Henry.

^{page 107 note 3} Lord Mordaunt.

^{page 107 note 4} Lady Elizabeth Carey was the daughter of Henry Carey, 2nd earl of Monmouth, and cousin to Lady Mordaunt.

^{page 107 note 5} After the rising of Sir George Booth, Lady Mordaunt's arrest was ordered and she was searched for, but escaped to France (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 234Google Scholar; Cal. C.S.P., iv. 395).Google Scholar

^{page 107 note 6} Incorrectly described in the heading to the letter as Sir ‘Henry’.

^{page 108 note 1} Marshal Turenne's desire to assist the restoration of Charles II was clearly shown. He not only lent money to the duke of York for a landing in England from Boulogne (de Ramsay, , The history of Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, viscount de Turenne (1735), ii. 263Google Scholar), but he kept Mazarin informed through letters from Monsieur Bordeaux, of the changes in the situation in England. Mazarin was unwilling to take any action until a party in England declared publicly for Charles II (D'Avenel, , Lettres de Cardinal Mazarin, ix (1906), 426).Google Scholar

^{page 108 note 2} By 12/22 Nov. 1659, Charles Lyttleton had left Calais to go to the King with letters from Mordaunt (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 444Google Scholar). Schomberg wrote from Calais.

^{page 108 note 3} 17/27 Nov. 1659. Mazarin wrote to Turenne that he does not wish France to intervene in English affairs unless a party in England declared publicly for Charles II (D'Avenel, , Lettres de Cardinal Mazarin (1906), ix. 426).Google Scholar

^{page 108 note 4} 26 Oct./5 Nov. 1659 Schomberg wrote to Turenne, reporting on the situation in England and asking him to send to Lady Mordaunt in writing his offers of assistance (de Grimoard, , Collection des lettres et mémoires du maréchal de Turenne (1782), i. 313Google Scholar; Cal. C.S.P., iv. 438).Google Scholar

^{page 109 note 1} Lockhart arrived in London on 12/24 Nov. 1659 (Guizot, , Richard Cromwell, ii. 288Google Scholar). He informed Bordeaux, the French ambassador, on 17/27 Nov. that Louis XIV had no intention of interfering in English affairs (ibid., ii. 291).

^{page 109 note 2} Unidentified.

^{page 109 note 3} Colonel Whitley arrived at Brussels with letters from Mordaunt on 10 Nov. (infra, no. 148).

^{page 109 note 4} Probably a pseudonym for Mordaunt, who arrived at Calais 13 Nov. (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 448).Google Scholar

^{page 109 note 5} The name of the governor is unidentified.

^{page 109 note 6} Clarendon MSS., vol. lxvi, fos. 312–13. Draft by H. Hyde. This letter is calendared under the date 12/22? Nov. 1659, in Cal. C.S.P., iv. 444.Google Scholar

^{page 109 note 7} supra, no. 100.

^{page 109 note 8} Mordaunt to the duke of York, 31 Oct. 1659 (supra, no. 115).

^{page 109 note 9} The duke of York to Mordaunt 5/15 Nov. 1659 (supra, no. 138).

^{page 110 note 1} Hyde to Rumbold, under the pseudonym ‘Mr. Wright’, 11/21 Nov. 1659 (Clarendon MSS., vol. lxvi, fo. 226, partly printed in C.S.P., iii. 608–9Google Scholar, draft by Bulteale).

^{page 110 note 2} Monck and Lambert.

^{page 110 note 3} See supra, no. 86.

^{page 111 note 1} Holland; see supra, no. 100; Mordaunt there asked that a letter should be sent from the King to a person of that name.

^{page 111 note 2} Sir John Holland, bart., parliamentarian, M.P. fpr Castle Rising Nov. 1640; from 1642 to Dec. 1648 served on parliamentary committees in Norfolk (Acts and Ord.); 23 Feb. 1659–60 member of the council of state (C.J., vii. 849).Google Scholar

^{page 111 note 3} Colonel Richard Holland, supra, no 98, n. 5.

^{page 111 note 4} ‘Colonel Russell’ in the Clarendon MS.

^{page 111 note 5} Charles I.

^{page 111 note 6} Corrected to ‘live’ in MS.

^{page 112 note 1} Calendared in Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, pp. 262–3–12/22 11Google Scholar Brussels, (Secretary Nicholas) to Lord Mordaunt, Flanders correspondence, draft partially in shorthand, endorsed ‘coppy of myne to Lord Mordaunt, sent by Colonel Whitley’.

^{page 112 note 2} Sir E. Nicholas to the King 8/18 Oct. 1659 (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 237–8Google Scholar) dealing with Mordaunt's proposal for a marriage between the duke of York and Lambert's daughter.

^{page 112 note 3} Hartgill Baron in the copy by Nicholas.

^{page 112 note 4} ‘Foundation’ in the copy by Nicholas.

^{page 112 note 5} ‘The King arrived at Fuentarabia’ in the copy by Nicholas (see notes 5 and 6 on supra, no. 126).

^{page 112 note 6} ‘Parte’ after ‘ministers’ in the copy by Nicholas.

^{page 113 note 1} ‘I have seen what the lord chancellor had written to Mr. Rumbald and shall refer your lordship to it without adding any more now to this but my full assurance of being unalterably’ in the copy by Nicholas. There are some other verbal differences of minor importance in the two versions.

^{page 113 note 2} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 113 note 3} Mordaunt arrived at Calais 13/23 Nov. 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 448).Google Scholar

^{page 114 note 1} Richard Nicolls refused to believe in the treachery of Sir Richard Willis (Hyde to Ormonde, 19/29 Nov. 1659; Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 284–6).Google Scholar

^{page 114 note 2} Sir William Waller had only been released on 31 Oct. 1659 from the Tower where he had been detained for complicity in Booth's rising (supra, no 11, n. 5).

^{page 114 note 3} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 114 note 4} The letter is probably to Alan Broderick, a cousin of Mordaunt, who had persisted in believing in the innocence of Sir Richard Willis (C.S.P., iii. 562–4Google Scholar). But by 5/15 Nov. 1659 he agreed to accept the King's ruling and denounce Willis (C.S.P., iii. 605–6Google Scholar).

^{page 115 note 1} John Lord Belasyse (supra, no. 7, n. 5) was released on 2 NoV. 1659 from imprisonment from 5 Aug. for complicity in Booth's rising (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 75Google Scholar); Whitelocke, , Memorials, p. 688).Google Scholar

^{page 115 note 2} On 6 July 1659 through Mordaunt, Sir John Grenville asked the King for a commission to himself, Lord Belasyse and Lord Fauconberg to treat with Monck (C.S.P., iii. 516Google Scholar). The King sent by Hyde the desired commission on 11/21 July (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 268).Google Scholar

^{page 115 note 3} Since 13 Nov. Mordaunt was in France (supra, no. 147, n. 2).

^{page 116 note 1} Sir John Grenville to the King, I Nov. 1659. (Supra, no. 119.) A copy of this letter was enclosed in no. 155.

^{page 116 note 2} This letter is printed in the Old parliamentary history, xxii (1763), 46Google Scholar, together with the answer sent on 29 Dec. 48–50.

^{page 117 note 1} supra, no. 154.

^{page 117 note 2} Mazarin in his letter to the Abbé Montague of 11/21 Nov. 1659, states his belief that Lambert would be unable to gain the superiority over Monck; he advised that Charles II ‘should go to Flanders to be within access of England (D'Avenel, , Lettres de Cardinal Mazarin, ix (1906), 425Google Scholar). Turenne sent an envoy who was hospitably received by Monck. Turenne's letter of thanks is printed in de Ramsey, History of Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, viscount de Turenne (1735),i. 331.

^{page 117 note 3} In his letter of 12/22 Nov. 1659 to Ormonde, Hyde enclosed a letter for the King to send to Sir Henry Yelverton (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 444Google Scholar; Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii, 282, 291).Google Scholar

^{page 117 note 4} Colonel John Clobery, parliamentarian soldier of Bradstone, Devon, was colonel of a regiment of horse in Monck's army in Scotland in 1659 (Firth, , Regimental history, i. 171)Google Scholar; a kinsman of Monck, he supported him in declaring for the parliament (Baker, , Chronicle, 582Google Scholar); he was converted to royalism through his brother-in-law John Otway, the friend of John Barwick (Firth, , op. cit., i. 171–2).Google Scholar

^{page 118 note 1} This is an allusion to the agreement signed in London on 15 Nov. 1659 which Monck refused to ratify (The Clarke papers, iv (1901), 116, 129).Google Scholar

^{page 118 note 2} The meeting of commissioners from the shires and boroughs of Scotland with General Monck at Edinburgh took place on 15 Nov. 1659 (ibid., 113–14).

^{page 118 note 3} John Griffith (1622 ?–1700), Baptist minister, appears to have joined the Baptists about 1640 and founded a congregation c. 1646 in Dunning's Alley, Bishopsgate Street. D.N.B.

^{page 118 note 4} Christopher Feake (fl. 1645–60), Fifth-monarchist, began as an Independent minister in London; he was imprisoned in 1655 but released in Dec. 1656; his offence was his printing and preaching attacks on the Protector (Ludlow, , Memoirs, i. 380Google Scholar). He disappears in 1660. D.N.B.

^{page 118 note 5} It is doubtful if any such definite offer were made to Charles II. Mazarin would prefer a monarchy to a republic in England (D'Avenel, , Lettres de Cardinal Mazarin, ix. 275Google Scholar), but he was not prepared to intervene and checked Turenne's desires to do so (ibid., 331, 426). Lockhart is reported by the Venetian resident in England as confirming this (Cal. S.P. Venetian, 1659–61, p. 98Google Scholar). But this report that Spain and France would oppose England is repeated by Morland to Hyde on 25 Nov. (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 458).Google Scholar

^{page 119 note 1} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 119 note 2} Lord Mordaunt reached Calais on 13/23 Nov. and left for Paris on 20/30 Nov. (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 448, 454Google Scholar). He reached Paris on 25 Nov./5 Dec. (ibid., iv. 456).

^{page 119 note 3} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 119 note 4} M. Armorer arrived at Paris from Bordeaux on 17/27 Nov. (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 449).Google Scholar

^{page 119 note 5} Charles Lyttleton, who had come to Paris by 18/28 Nov. from Calais with letters for the King (ibid., 444, 451).

^{page 119 note 6} Carte, , Ormonde, iii. 690.Google Scholar

^{page 119 note 7} Armorer left Bordeaux on 13/23 Nov., arrived in Paris 17/27 Nov. The King would reach Bordeaux on 15/25 Nov.

^{page 120 note 1} He arrived at Colombe on Friday, 25 Nov./5 Dec. (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 456Google Scholar). Ormonde and Daniel O'Neill went first to Paris and then to Colombe.

^{page 120 note 2} Queen Henrietta Maria sent Lord Jermyn and the Abbé Montague to Cardinal Mazarin to Toulouse to ask for aid for Charles II (Carte, , Ormonde, iii. 691Google Scholar; Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 254–6Google Scholar). Mazarin arrived at Toulouse from St. Jean-de-Luz on 11/21 Nov., but refused to pledge French aid or meet Charles II (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 445).Google Scholar

^{page 120 note 3} William Rumbold.

^{page 120 note 4} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 120 note 5} Incorrectly described in the heading to the letter as ‘Sir Henry’.

^{page 120 note 6} In reply to Lunsford's letter to her of 12/22 Nov. (supra, no. 145), Lady Mordaunt had informed him of the arrival of Lord Mordaunt in France.

^{page 120 note 7} Unidentified.

^{page 120 note 8} Captain Robert Barber, son of James Barber, was a prisoner at St. Omer in Sept. 1659 (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 178).Google Scholar

^{page 120 note 9} Richard Nicolls having received instructions (The Nicholas papers, iv (1920), 189Google Scholar) from the duke of York to try to secure Dunkirk for the King, wished to gain information from Colonel Nugent of the alternative plan sponsored by Lord Mordaunt, Colonel Nugent and Sir Herbert Lunsford, to achieve this by the help of General Schomberg. The existence of rival schemes led to constant friction, and endangered the whole undertaking in Mordaunt's opinion (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 461).Google Scholar

^{page 121 note 1} See Mordaunt's letter of 9 Nov. to Nicolls on the matter (supra, no. 129).

^{page 121 note 2} The Nicholas papers, iv (1920), 189.Google Scholar

^{page 121 note 3} Schomberg was on his way south from Calais; he desired a meeting with Lord Mordaunt and with the King.

^{page 121 note 4} Monsieur de la Val, customer of Dunkirk, with whom Nicolls corresponded, in Mordaunt's opinion unwisely (supra, no. 129).

^{page 121 note 5} Calendared in Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 275Google Scholar, 3/13 Dec. 1659, Brussels: (Secretary Nicholas) to Viscount Mordaunt, draft, shorthand, Flanders correspondence.

^{page 122 note 1} The letter of Sir Edward Nicholas to Mordaunt is dated 25 Nov. in supra, no. 150, and 22 Nov. in the draft by Nicholas (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 262).Google Scholar

^{page 122 note 2} In the draft by Nicholas the words ‘from Calais’ are inserted after ‘same’. Mordaunt arrived at Calais 13/23 Nov. and wrote to Nicholas, as to Hyde, on 15/25 Nov. announcing that he was going to meet the King (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 447).Google Scholar

^{page 122 note 3} In the draft by Nicholas, the last sentence is given as a postscript and marked ‘III’. The draft is endorsed, ‘coppy of myne to Lord Viscount Mordaunt, sent by Pe(rcy) Church’.

^{page 122 note 4} See supra, no. 160, n. 9.

^{page 122 note 6} ‘Monsieur and Madame Beaumont’ are clearly Lord and Lady Mordaunt, though her pseudonym ‘Mr. Beaumont’ was used for the King by Sir John Grenville in a letter to Hyde of 31 Oct. 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 429).Google Scholar

^{page 123 note 1} Monsieur Antoine de Bordeaux (1621–60), French ambassador in England. Bordeaux came to England in Dec. 1652; he was accredited as ambassador to Cromwell 21 Feb. 1654 and remained as ambassador to each government until the restoration, when Charles II refused to recognise him. He returned to France and died in Sept. 1660 (Recueil des instructions données aux ambassadeurs et ministres de France, xxiv, ed. Jusserand (1929), i. 158, 173, 231–2).Google Scholar

^{page 123 note 2} See supra, no. 160, n. 8.

^{page 123 note 3} Probably Dunkirk.

^{page 123 note 4} Colonel Roger Alsop (d. 1676), soldier, commanded a regiment of foot in Flanders from April 1659 (Firth, , Regimental history, ii. 678–83Google Scholar); took part in the battle of the Dunes, and in Lockhart's absence acted with Colonel Lillingston in command of Dunkirk.

^{page 123 note 5} John Heath, royalist, 2nd son of Chief Justice Sir Robert Heath; in 1654 counsel-at-law and member of the King's Council (Cal. C.S.P., ii. 279, 349Google Scholar); in 1659 from Oct. to Dec. 23 at Calais, transmitting information from England to Hyde; on 23 Dec. 1659 back in England (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 414, 497Google Scholar; The Nicholas papers, iv (1920), 204Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 124 note 1} See, on the treaty, Baker, , Chronicle, p. 584Google Scholar, and The Clarke papers, iv (1901), 97Google Scholaret seq.; on Monck's dealings with the representatives of the shires and boroughs of Scotland, Baker, , Chronicle, p. 585Google Scholar; The Clarke papers, iv (1901), 113Google Scholaret seq.

^{page 124 note 2} 3 Dec. 1659. Sir Arthur Hesilrige and Colonel Walton and Colonel Morley entered Portsmouth and persuaded the governor Colonel Nathaniel Whetham and the garrison to declare for the parliament (The Clarke papers, iv (1901), 169, n. 1Google Scholar; Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 157Google Scholar). Colonel Evelyn was not involved.

^{page 124 note 3} See note 2 to supra, no. 155.

^{page 125 note 1} Probably the draft of a letter to Sir Charles Howard. See infra, no. 168. See also Cal. C.S.P., iv. 587Google Scholar, for a draft by Hyde of 6/16 March 1659–60. The King arrived at Colombe 25 Nov./5 Dec. 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 456Google Scholar). ‘Cologne’ is written in the margin of the text in a later hand, but the letter was clearly written from Colombe.

^{page 125 note 2} Sir Charles Howard. 2 Nov. released from imprisonment for complicity in Booth's rising (supra, p. 11, n. 2). His offer to the King was apparently to gain for him the garrisons of Berwick, Carlisle, Newcastle and Tynemouth, of the governorship of which he had been deprived in May 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 552Google Scholar). This he succeeded in doing (The Clarke papers, iv (1901), 303Google Scholar). He was appointed governor of Carlisle by Monck (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 609Google Scholar) and in 1661 created earl of Carlisle by the King.

^{page 126 note 1} Unidentified.

^{page 126 note 2} William Prynne (1600–69), lawyer and controversialist. Son of Thomas Prynne of Swainswick, Somerset. Imprisoned by the Star Chamber 1633–37, and bY the Commonwealth 1650–53 for his writings; M.P. for Newport, Cornwall, Nov. 1648; excluded Dec. 1648. He was refused re-admission to parliament in May 1659 (The Nicholas papers, iv (1920), 134–5Google Scholar), and from then till the restoration, in numerous pamphlets denounced the rule of the Rump and of the army, and demanded a restoration of monarchy and a free parliament. For a list of his pamphlets in 1659–60, to which the King here alludes, see Kirby, , William Prynne (1931), pp. 202–5Google Scholar. D.N.B.

^{page 126 note 3} The King arrived at Colombe 25 Nov./5 Dec.; he saw Lord Mordaunt, who was lodged by Lord Jermyn, the same night (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 456).Google Scholar

^{page 127 note 1} Mordaunt went the next day with Hartgill Baron to Paris to meet the marquis of Ormonde (ibid.).

^{page 127 note 2} See infra, no. 171.

^{page 127 note 3} Pseudonym for Hartgill Baron.

^{page 127 note 4} Mordaunt was lodged by Lord Jermyn (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 456).Google Scholar

^{page 127 note 5} Marshal Turenne, see supra, no. 170.

^{page 127 note 6} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 127 note 7} Clarendon MSS., vol. lxvii, fos. 54–5, 26 Nov./6 Dec. 1659. Draft by Bulteale.

^{page 127 note 8} Hartgill Baron.

^{page 128 note 1} Mordaunt replied to this letter on 1/11 Dec. from Colombe (C.S.P., iii. 626–7Google Scholar; infra, no. 178).

^{page 128 note 2} Hyde is referring to the agreement between the commissioners of Monck and Fleetwood on 15 Nov. 1659 (The Clarke papers, iv (1901), 116, n. 2Google Scholar; Baker, , Chronicle, p. 588).Google Scholar

^{page 129 note 1} Hyde had evidently not received Mordaunt's letter to him of 15/25 Nov. (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 447).Google Scholar

^{page 129 note 2} Lady Mary Carey was the daughter of Henry Carey 4th Lord Hunsdon and in 1627 earl of Dover. She was the cousin of the Hon. Thomas Carey, father of Lady Mordaunt.

^{page 129 note 3} Like supra, no. 167, is a draft of a letter from Charles II to be used by Lord Mordaunt.

^{page 130 note 1} Evidently to Lord Mordaunt.

^{page 130 note 2} In his letter of 6/16 Nov. to the King, Schomberg complained of ill offices done to himself by Lord Berkeley (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 270).Google Scholar

^{page 130 note 3} Possibly the Captain Barber whose release Colonel Nugent had tried to secure (supra, no. 160).

^{page 130 note 4} Bordeaux in his letter to Mazarin of 17/27 Nov. reports the refusal of the citizens of London to pay their taxes (Guizot, , Richard Cromwell, ii, 290).Google Scholar

^{page 130 note 5} The letter is wrongly dated in the MS. The original in Mordaunt's hand is in the Carte MSS., vol. xxx, fo. 466, and is clearly dated ‘Brussels, 8 Jan. 1659–60’. In the old style of dating this would be 29 Dec. 9 Dec. is, a clerical error for 29 Dec.

^{page 131 note 1} Mordaunt's mother, the dowager countess of Peterborough, wished him to secure from the King, the office of gentleman of the bedchamber (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 278).Google Scholar

^{page 131 note 2} In the Mordaunt MS. the letter is unsigned.

^{page 131 note 3} Sir Edward Nicholas to Lord Mordaunt 23 Nov./3 Dec. 1659. supra, no. 163.

^{page 131 note 4} Mordaunt is alluding to the King's decision to submit to Cardinal Mazarin a memorandum on the situation of the royalist party in England, based on the information brought by Mordaunt (Carte, , Ormonde, iii. 697).Google Scholar

^{page 132 note 1} Printed in full in C.S.P., in. 626–7Google Scholar (Clarendon MSS., vol. lxvii, fos. 89–90), under the date 1/11 Dec. 1659. The printed version omits a postscript in the Clarendon MS., but not in the Mordaunt MS. It runs, ‘I have just now received your lordships of the 6th instant, and shall never fail of being kindly to Mr. Titus’. Partly deciphered cipher.

^{page 132 note 2} Hyde's letters to Ormonde of 19/29 Nov. and 26 Nov./6 Dec. (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 283–90Google Scholar), though they mention Mordaunt, do not specifically justify him.

^{page 132 note 3} An allusion to Mordaunt's mother-in-law, Lady Herbert, the widow of Sir Edward Herbert, the Attorney-general who died in 1658. Hyde had not been on good terms with him (Clarendon, , Hist., xiv, 70, 74Google Scholar). Lady Herbert was of the faction supporting the duke of York (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 179). Lady Mordaunt was her daughter by her first husband the Hon. Thomas Carey, and was on good terms with .Hyde.Google Scholar

^{page 132 note 4} On Richard Fanshawe, see supra, no. 36, n. 2.

^{page 132 note 5} In the Mordaunt MS., the letter is unsigned.

^{page 132 note 6} The marquis of Ormonde (supra, no. 10, n. 4).

^{page 132 note 7} Sir Robert Murray or Moray (d. 1673)Google Scholar, royalist son of Sir Mungo Moray of Craigie, Perthshire. Served first in the French army, then in the King's forces in England in the first civil war and in Scotland in 1653; from 1654 in exile at Maestricht and in 1659 in Paris (The Nicholas papers, iv (1920), 120, 144Google Scholar). He was a presbyterian, brother-in-law to Alexander Lindsay, earl of Balcarres.

^{page 132 note 8} Charles Lyttleton had hoped to meet the King at Blois on his way to Colombe, but Charles II did not go to Blois, and Lyttleton did not see him till 22 Nov. near Orleans (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 451, 460).Google Scholar

^{page 133 note 1} ‘Noe’ in MS. but probably a clerical error, for ‘new’.

^{page 133 note 2} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 133 note 3} Mordaunt to Hyde. Calais 15/25 Nov. 1659 (Clarendon MSS., vol. lxvi, fos. 271 b–c). Printed in C.S.P., iii. 623–4, dated 5 12 1659Google Scholar. No. 181 is a reply to that letter.

^{page 133 note 4} In the Mordaunt MS. the letter is unsigned.

^{page 133 note 5} Ormonde refers to the memorandum for Cardinal Mazarin which Mordaunt had been ordered to draft (supra, no. 177, n. 4).

^{page 134 note 1} There is a gap in the text, the meaning is clearly ‘to meet’, possibly a place-name is omitted.

^{page 134 note 2} Hartgill Baron to Lady Mordaunt. 26 Nov./6 Dec. 1659 (supra, no. 170).

^{page 134 note 3} The reference is to Hyde's letter of 19/29 Nov. to Ormonde, criticising Richard Nicolls and the Sealed Knot for their adherence to Sir Richard Willis (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 283–8).Google Scholar

^{page 134 note 4} The application for the post of gentleman of the King's bedchamber, which Baron thought he should obtain (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 278).Google Scholar

^{page 135 note 1} The MS. is unsigned.

^{page 135 note 2} The writer is possibly Princess Sophia of the Palatinate (1630–1714)Google Scholar, wife of Prince Ernest Augustus of Brunswick-Lüneburg, who is described by her mother, Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia, as the friend of Lady Mordaunt, in a letter to the latter (supra, no. 59). Sophia spent the autumn at The Hague (Green, , Elizabeth Electress Palatine and Queen of Bohemia (1909 edn.), p. 396).Google Scholar

^{page 135 note 3} The MS. is unsigned.

^{page 135 note 4} Incorrectly described in the heading to the letter as ‘Sir Henry’.

^{page 135 note 5} See supra, no. 160, n. 8.

^{page 135 note 6} Calendared in part down to ‘elsewhere’ (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, pp. 279–80)Google Scholar; Flanders correspondence, shorthand draft. 10/20 Dec. Brussels. (Sec. Nicholas) to Lord Mordaunt, endorsed ‘copy of what I writ in replie to Lord Viscount Mordaunt’. The correct date of the letter is 30 Nov./10 Dec. 1659. It was written before the arrival of Charles II in Brussels on 16/26 Dec. (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 489).Google Scholar

^{page 135 note 7} See Mordaunt to Hyde, 1/11 Dec. 1659 (supra, no. 178, C.S.P., iii. 626–7).Google Scholar

^{page 136 note 1} The head of the Spanish government in Brussels was Don Juan de Fromesta, marquis of Caracena.

^{page 136 note 2} ‘Mr. Nichols’ in the copy by Nicholas.

^{page 136 note 3} ‘D. Yorks’ in the copy by Nicholas, that is the duke of York.

^{page 136 note 4} This is an allusion to Mr. Nicolls' interview with Hyde, reported in Hyde's letter to Ormonde of 19/29 Nov. 1659 (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 284–5).Google Scholar

^{page 136 note 5} Sir Richard Willis.

^{page 136 note 6} The rest of the letter is omitted in the copy by Nicholas.

^{page 136 note 7} The fast was ordered by the lord mayor on 23 Nov. to take place on 2 Dec. (Sharpe, , London and the kingdom (1894), ii. 358Google Scholar). The petition of the apprentices to the common council was presented on 5 Dec. and followed by a riot in the city (ibid.; The Clarke papers, iv (1901), 166).Google Scholar

^{page 136 note 8} On 23 Nov. 1659 all the Swedish forces in Funen surrendered after their defeat by the Dutch and Danish armies (Cal. S.P. Venetian, 1659–61 (1931), p. 102Google Scholar). Charles X of Sweden reigned from 1654 till his death in Feb. 1660.

^{page 137 note 1} ‘Mrs. Dorothy’ is probably Dunkirk (supra, no. 165).

^{page 137 note 2} ‘Mr. Erbery’ is probably the King (supra, no. 165).

^{page 137 note 3} Printed in full in Carte, Ormonde papers, ii. 291–6Google Scholar, headed ‘Memoranda sent by M. of Ormonde for Cardinal Mazarin from Paris, 10 Dec. 1659’.

^{page 137 note 4} Lord Mordaunt, see supra, no. 178.

^{page 137 note 5} Probably General Montagu, who was approached by his cousin Edward Montagu in the King's interest (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 229Google Scholar). He brought his fleet back from the Sound without orders in Sept. 1659 (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 163).Google Scholar

^{page 137 note 6} Sir Charles Howard.

^{page 137 note 7} Lambert's army was larger than Monk's but short of pay (Baker, , Chronicle, p. 584).Google Scholar

^{page 137 note 8} There is ample evidence of the arrears of pay in the navy (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 457Google Scholar; Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 286).Google Scholar

^{page 137 note 9} For the design on Windsor Castle see infra, no. 203.

^{page 137 note 10} A reference to the plan for securing Dunkirk for the King by the help of disaffected elements in the English garrison.

^{page 137 note 11} The scheme in which Sir Henry Yelverton was involved (supra, nos. 93, 156; and Carte, Ormonde papers, ii. 227, 282).Google Scholar

^{page 138 note 1} Probably Edward Carrent, the writer of infra, nos. 202, 207, 246.

^{page 138 note 2} Probably William Carrent. June 1658 order for his trial on a charge of treason (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1658–69, p. 67Google Scholar), again arrested Aug. 1659 on a suspicion of treason (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–60, p. 128Google Scholar), not released till 14 Feb. 1659–60 (ibid., p. 362).

^{page 138 note 3} On the ill feeling between the city and the army there is ample evidence (The Clarke papers, iv (1901), 166, 187Google Scholar; Baker, , Chronicle, p. 591).Google Scholar

^{page 138 note 4} Baker, , Chronicle, p. 590.Google Scholar

^{page 139 note 1} Colonel Thomas Fitch (supra, no. 77). From 10 June 1659 lieutenant of the Tower; planned to declare for the parliament against the army on 12 Dec., but the design was discovered and Fitch was arrested (Firth, Regimental history, i. 343–4).Google Scholar

^{page 139 note 2} Major-general Desborough took command of the Tower, with Colonel Salmon as his lieutenant (The Clarke papers, iv (1901), 186Google Scholar). Major-general Berry was not involved in the command of the Tower.

^{page 139 note 3} John Baron, brother to Hartgill Baron (infra, no. 193).

^{page 139 note 4} Mary Knatchbull, Benedictine abbess at Ghent, regularly from 1656 assisted the King's cause by transmitting letters. She also procured money for the King on her credit (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 146, 401; iv. 59).Google Scholar

^{page 139 note 5} ‘Mr. Erbery’ is probably the King (see supra, no. 188).

^{page 139 note 6} ‘Mrs. Dorothy’ is Dunkirk (supra, no. 165), her ‘family’, the English government.

^{page 140 note 1} ‘Boulter’ is possibly Major Bolton (supra, no. 92).

^{page 140 note 2} 7/17 Dec. (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 474).Google Scholar

^{page 140 note 3} Sir Edward Nicholas, who corresponded with Hartgill Baron (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, p. 247).Google Scholar

^{page 141 note 1} The population of London wished to have their own militia to guard the city and the regiment of the army removed (The Clarke papers, iv (1901), 187).Google Scholar

^{page 141 note 2} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 141 note 3} Sir George Booth was still in prison; he was not released till 22 Feb. 1659–60 (C.J., vii. 848).Google Scholar

^{page 141 note 4} The Princess Louise (1622–1709)Google Scholar, 2nd daughter of Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia and Frederick V of the Palatinate; Dec. 1657 was secretly received into the Catholic church, and left the Hague for Antwerp; 25 March. 1659 she took the veil as a novice in the abbey of Maubuisson near Pontoise, and ultimately became its abbess (Green, , Elizabeth Electress Palatine and Queen of Bohemia (1909 edn.), pp. 391–5Google Scholar; The Nicholas papers, iv. (1920), 78.Google Scholar

^{page 142 note 1} ‘P. B.’ is probably Lord Mordaunt. In Heath's letter to Mordaunt of 30 Dec. 1659 (infra, no. 206) he refers to his last letter to Mordaunt, and from internal evidence this would appear to be it; in both letters Heath refers to the designs on Lawson and on Kent.

^{page 142 note 2} Pseudonym for Hartgill Baron.

^{page 142 note 3} Probably Mr. Arnold Breames, entrusted by the King with the overtures to Vice-admiral Lawson supra, no. 120) and referred to in that connection by Heath in his letter of 30 Dec. (infra, no. 206).

^{page 142 note 4} 119 unidentified, possibly Sir John Boys, who was engaged for the design on Kent (supra, no. 31, n. 3). Heath in his letter to Hyde of 6 Feb. refers to him in this connection (Cat. C.S.P., iv. 549).Google Scholar

^{page 142 note 5} On 13 Dec. 1659 Vice-admiral Lawson issued a declaration from the fleet in favour of the restoration of parliament (The Clarke papers, iv (1901), 216, n. 1Google Scholar; Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 180Google Scholar) and leaving the Downs on 14 Dec. on 16 Dec. he entered the Thames with 13 ships (Guizot, , Richard Cromwell, ii. 311).Google Scholar

^{page 143 note 1} 199: cipher for Dr. John Barwick (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 257).Google Scholar

^{page 143 note 2} Clarendon MSS., vol. lxvii, fo. 202. Draft by Bulteale.

^{page 143 note 3} 1/11 Dec. 1659. Supra, no. 178.

^{page 143 note 4} Lady Herbert (supra, no. 178, n. 3).

^{page 143 note 5} The memorandum for Cardinal Mazarin (supra, no. 178).

^{page 143 note 6} Sir Edward Nicholas.

^{page 144 note 1} Supra, no. 60, n. 10.

^{page 144 note 2} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 144 note 3} Clarendon MSS., vol. lxviii, fo. 26 r. Copy by Baron, endorsed by Hyde.

^{page 144 note 4} 18 Dec. 1659. This is the attempted rising in London alluded to by Slingsby in his letter to Hyde of 23 Dec. (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 494Google Scholar). It was evidently planned also by Major-general Browne (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 494Google Scholar) but discouraged by Sir William Waller (ibid.). Arms had been purchased, but in London on 19 Dec. a search was made, arms seized and Major-general Desborough main tained order (Guizot, , Richard Cromwell, ii. 312).Google Scholar

^{page 144 note 5} Colonel Culpeper of Kent is Sir Thomas Culpeper (1598–1662), royalist, of Greenway Court, Hollingbourne, Kent; compounded for delinquency in 1646 (Cal. Committee for Compounding, ii. 1235Google Scholar). He was arrested for complicity in Booth's rising in Aug. 1659 and released on security of £3,000 on 26 Sept. 1659 (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, pp. 98, 223Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 145 note 1} Bussy Mansell of the Mansell family of Margam, Glamorgan, parliamentarian, on militia committee for Glamorgan in 1659 (Acts and Ord., ii. 1328Google Scholar), but approached for the rising of 1659 by the royalists (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 270).Google Scholar

^{page 145 note 2} Major Robert Huntington, soldier, major of regiment of horse in the New Model army, but resigned his commission in 1648 (Firth, , Regimental history, i. 201–2Google Scholar): Jan. 1660 was reinstated in the commission by the parliament (ibid., i. 209).

^{page 145 note 3} The Rump was restored on 26 Dec. 1659. Speaker Lenthall to Monck 27 Dec. 1659. (The Clarke papers, iv (1901), 222).Google Scholar

^{page 145 note 4} This is an allusion to the refusal of Major-general Browne to support the attempted rising in London, 17 Dec. (supra, no. 200, n. 4).

^{page 146 note 1} The common council of the City of London met daily from 19 Dec. to 20th. On 23 Dec. it recommended the calling out of six regiments of trained bands under officers commissioned by the City and that Commissioners should be appointed to confer with Hesilrige, Morley, and Lawson with a view to the convening of a free parliament (Sharpe, , London and the kingdom (1894), ii. 360).Google Scholar

^{page 146 note 2} The election of the new common council took place on 21 Dec. (C.S.P., iii. 634, 641).Google Scholar

^{page 146 note 3} The instructions to Monsieur Bordeaux, the French ambassador, from Cardinal Mazarin were that he should refrain from declaring himself for any one party (Guizot, , Richard Cromwell, ii. 311Google Scholar). Bordeaux informed a relation of Fleetwood that the king of France had no intention of intervening in English domestic affairs, and had made no engagement in favour of Charles II (ibid., ii. 313).

^{page 146 note 4} Mordaunt's two sons, Charles and Henry.

^{page 146 note 5} The dowager countess of Peterborough owned the manor of Reigate in Surrey; John Mordaunt held it from her and it was sequestered in Oct. 1659 on account of his share in Booth's rebellion (Cal. Committee for Compounding, v. 3252).Google Scholar

^{page 146 note 6} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 146 note 7} On 29 Dec. Major-general Desborough sent to the speaker a letter of apology and submission to the parliament (Firth, , Regimental history, i. 207–8Google Scholar). He was reported also by Mr. Cooper as gone to join Lambert (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 499).Google Scholar

^{page 147 note 1} 24 Dec. 1659. The common council of the City ordered the setting up of chains and posts in the city (Sharpe, , London and the kingdom (1894), ii. 361).Google Scholar

^{page 147 note 2} Unidentified.

^{page 147 note 3} Clarendon MSS., vol. lxviii, fos. 26 v–7, copy by Baron, endorsed by Hyde.

^{page 147 note 4} Supra, no. 200.

^{page 147 note 5} 27 Dec. twenty-one secluded members met but failed to gain admission to the parliament (C.S.P., iii. 647Google Scholar; Guizot, , Richard Cromwell, ii. 323).Google Scholar

^{page 147 note 6} Ibid., ii. 323.

^{page 147 note 7} Major Richard Creed (supra, p. 60, n. 3).

^{page 147 note 8} Colonel Robert Lilburne, an adherent of Lambert, tried unsuccessfully to hold York against the rising movement for the parliament led by Lord Fairfax (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, pp. 293–6Google Scholar; Memorials of the Civil War, the Fairfax correspondence, ed. Bell, ii (1849), pp. 151–71Google Scholar. ‘Iter Boreale’, the narrative of Brian Fairfax of events in Yorkshire Dec. 1659–Jan. 1660. Lambert's army was not paid and disintegrating.

^{page 148 note 1} The Rump (Baker, , Chronicle, p. 592).Google Scholar

^{page 148 note 2} Windsor Castle was secured by Colonel Henry Ingoldsby for the parliament on 28 Dec. 1659 (C.J., vii. 798Google Scholar). William Legge denied that he brought it about (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 532Google Scholar).

In the Clarendon MS. copy by Baron, ‘Wednesday morning’ is inserted after ‘seized’, and after ‘Major Huntington’ the text is as follows, ‘and Col. Henry Ingoldsby, they declare for a Parliament, and Wildman is now also in it, who’ tis said, is for the Rump, but what will tend to God knows, ‘tis thought Wildman shall be governor’.

^{page 148 note 3} 280. Sir William Waller in the Clarendon MSS.

^{page 148 note 4} Supra, no. 179, n. 7.

^{page 149 note 1} The cipher used appears to be that used by Mordaunt in March 1658–59. ‘665’ is ? Hyde, as in Mordaunt's letter to the King, 25 Jan. 1658–59 (Clarendon MSS., vol. lx, fos. 14–15).

^{page 149 note 2} ‘247’ is William Rumbold in Mordaunt's letter to Hyde of 8 March 1658–59 (Clarendon MSS, vol. lx, fos. 211–12).

^{page 149 note 3} ‘513’ is Ormonde in the same letter of 8 March 1658–59 of Mordaunt to Hyde.

^{page 149 note 4} The signature is the knot.

^{page 149 note 5} John Heath also wrote to Hyde on 30 Dec. (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 502).Google Scholar

^{page 150 note 1} The petition to the Rump for the return of the secluded members was drafted on 28 Dec., but on 29 Dec. the common council postponed its presentation (Sharpe, , London and the king dom, ii (1894), 363).Google Scholar

^{page 150 note 2} See supra, no. 201, and C.S.P., iii. 641Google Scholar, on the new common council.

^{page 150 note 3} The exact terms of Colonel Nugent's plans for securing the surrender of Dunkirk to the King are not available.

^{page 150 note 4} Sir William Wilde (1611 ?–1679Google Scholar), judge, son of William Wilde, a London vintner, member of the Inner Temple. 3 Nov. 1659 Recorder of London. D.N.B.

^{page 150 note 5} Mr. Richard Ford according to Rumbold's letter to the King of 30 Jan. 1659–60 had promised assistance (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 538Google Scholar). He was one of the twelve members of the common council sent to congratulate Monck on his arrival in London (Journal of the Common Council, 41xGoogle Scholar, fol. 219). I am indebted to Miss M. Weinstock of Lady Margaret Hall, for this reference from her unpublished M.A. thesis on ‘The position of London in national affairs, 1658–1660’.

^{page 151 note 1} For the rising of Lord Fairfax in Yorkshire in favour of General Monck, see Baker, , Chronicle, pp. 593–4Google Scholar; Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, pp. 293–6.Google Scholar

^{page 151 note 2} Probably Sir Hardress Waller, who with Sir Charles Coote and Colonel Theophilus Jones secured Dublin Castle and the whole of Ireland for the parliament (Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 199Google Scholar, n. 1). Letters from the Irish officers at Dublin reporting these events were read in parliament on 4 Jan. and on 5 Jan. a vote of thanks and approval was passed.

^{page 151 note 3} See supra, no. 160, n. 8.

^{page 152 note 1} Printed in full in C.S.P., iii. 649–52Google Scholar, under date 16 Jan. 1659–60, with three additional paragraphs on the city, the army there and the navy.

^{page 152 note 2} On 7 Jan. 1659–60 Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper was re-admitted to parliament on his old petition as elected for Downton (supra, no. 32, n. 2). For his political activities from 7 Jan. to the Restoration, see Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 205Google Scholaret seq.; Christie, , Life of Anthony Ashley Cooper (1871), i. 194–212Google Scholar, for the fragmentary narrative written by Shaftesbury. He was elected a member of the council of state set up on 2 Jan., he worked temporarily with Sir Arthur Hesilrige and the republicans, but aimed at the restoration of the secluded members by the aid of Monck. This he helped to effect on 21 Feb. (ibid., pp. 211–12).

^{page 152 note 3} Colonel Morley (supra, no. 93, n. 4), appointed lieutenant of the Tower on 7 Jan. 1659–60, was again approached by John Evelyn on 12 Jan. to restorethe King (Evelyn, , Diary, ed. Bray (1879), iii. 180–3Google Scholar). But Morley declined to act.

^{page 152 note 4} John Weaver (d. 1685), politician, of North Luffenham, Lines; Nov. 1645 M.P. for Stamford; 1649 named as a commissioner to try the King but did not attend the court; 1650–52, civil commissioner in Ireland; Feb. 1653 resigned; 1654, 1656 M.P. for Stamford, but Sept. 1656 excluded; 1659 M.P. for Stamford; Dec. 1659 he helped to secure the Tower, and was elected a member of the council of state (C.J., vii. 800Google Scholar); 23 Feb. 1660 re-elected member of the council of state (C.J., vii. 849Google Scholar); elected M.P. for Stamford 1660, but election disallowed. Died 1685. D.N.B.

^{page 152 note 5} Colonel Thomas Morgan (d. 1679 ?), soldier; 2nd son of Robert Morgan, of Llanrhymny, Wales, had served in foreign armies before 1644, when he returned to England to serve in the parliamentarian forces from 1644 to 1659. 1657–Nov. 1658 second in command of the army in Flanders. 7 Nov. 1659 he joined Monck at Edinburgh and in Feb. 1660, when Monck advanced on London, Morgan was left in command at York (Firth, , Regimental history, i. 307–15Google Scholar). D.N.B.

^{page 152 note 6} The information as to the conference between Monck and Fairfax is in Clarendon MSS., vol. lxviii, fo. 130; at the end is written in Mordaunt's hand and cipher, ‘This is Mr. Rushworth’.

^{page 152 note 7} Colonel George Fenwick (d. 1657), parliamentarian, son of George Fenwick of Brinkburn, Northum. M.P. for Morpeth 1645, for Berwick 1654 and 1656, but excluded, died in March 1657 (Firth, , Regimental history, i. 387–92Google Scholar). He was the son-in-law of Sir Arthur Heselrige. The reference here is erroneous. D.N.B.

^{page 152 note 8} Major Ellison mentioned as acting with Fleetwood and Desborough in Feb. 1658–59 (The Clarke papers, iii (1899), 183).Google Scholar

^{page 153 note 1} Colonel Hugh Bethel served under the Fairfaxes in the first Civil War, but saw no military service after 1649; in Jan. 1660 Monck appointed him to command Lambert's regiment at York (Firth, , Regimental history, i. 261–2).Google Scholar

^{page 153 note 2} Schomberg wrote to Hyde on 24 Nov./4 Dec. from Bergue (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 455Google Scholar), but there is no letter from him to Mordaunt of that date. It is probable that letter no. 175 (supra) from Schomberg, undated and without direction, was intended for Mordaunt.

^{page 153 note 3} This letter should be read in conjunction with those of Schomberg to the marquis of, Ormonde, 4 Jan. 1660, to the King, 4 Jan. 1660, and to the King, 6 Jan. 1660 (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 271–6Google Scholar). Schomberg reported to the King on 27 Dec./6 Jan. that he had heard from Colonel Nugent that the keys of the gates and barrier at Dunkirk had been brought to him (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 273Google Scholar), but he lacked the money to take action.

^{page 153 note 4} Schomberg believed Dunkirk could be more easily secured, when Bergue was in French occupation than when with the execution of the Peace of the Pyrenees, it was returned to Spain (ibid., ii. 274.)

^{page 153 note 5} This is one of a series of drafts made by Hyde at this date, some as from the King, to persons in England (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 503).Google Scholar

^{page 154 note 1} There is no letter of Mordaunt to ‘J. B.’, probably Dr. John Barwick, of 10 Dec. 1659 in either the Mordaunt MS. or Clarendon MSS.

^{page 154 note 2} William Rumbold.

^{page 155 note 1} Mordaunt returned to England about this date, his presence having been urgently asked for by Hartgill Baron (supra, no. 203). His reference is to the attempted royalist rising in the city (ibid., 200); he implies that the restoration could then have been effected had he been in England. Mordaunt was at the same time negotiating for a share in the lease of the King's coal farm of Newcastle, hence the allusion (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 571).Google Scholar

^{page 155 note 2} Lambert's troops deserting him, he submitted to the Parliament 4 Jan. 1659–60. (Whitelocke, , Memorials, p. 694Google Scholar). On 9 Jan. the council of state ordered him to be confined ia one of his houses away from London (ibid., p. 694).

^{page 155 note 3} Colonel Henry Markham on 4 Jan. took over the command of the garrison of Windsor Castle (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, p. 299).Google Scholar

^{page 155 note 4} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 155 note 5} Calendared in Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, p. 305Google Scholar, under date 7/17 Jan. 1659–60, Flanders correspondence endorsed ‘coppy of myne to Lord Mordaunt, sent by Mr. Booth’.

^{page 155 note 6} Infra, no. 215.

^{page 155 note 7} In the copy by Nicholas, this sentence reads ‘the names are not inserted, but soe many names as were here conceaved to be good men for that service are in a paper apart written’.

^{page 155 note 8} In the copy by Nicholas, after the words ‘Mr. Booth’ the sentence reads as follows, ‘I presume your worthy Lady hath acquainted you with what letters she hath receaved from England from Mr. Heath and Mr. Rowe, which I shall read to the King, Mr. Allestry will be, I suppose the next to be despatched to you I pray, if Mr. Thomas Mompesson shall (as I have directed him privately) repaire to you, be pleased to advise him how and where he may best serve his Majestie and favour him with what may, he being I judge a very worthy person and has lost a very considerable estate for his loyalty. I shall be in paine till I heare of your Lordships safe passage and arrival’.

^{page 156 note 1} Colonel Thomas Mompesson, royalist, of New Sarum, Wilts, was involved in the rising in 1655 (Cal. Committee for Compounding, i. 747, 753Google Scholar; Ludlow, , Memoirs, i. 404Google Scholar; Thurloe, , S.P., iii. 366Google Scholar). He corresponded with Sir Edward Nicholas under the pseudonym Thomas Man (The Nicholas papers, iv (1920), 207).Google Scholar

^{page 156 note 2} The commission referred to in supra, no. 214. The cipher numbers probably correspond to the list of persons drawn up in cipher by Major-general Massey, but not in the Mordaunt or Clarendon MSS.

^{page 157 note 1} Printed in the C.S.P., iii. 643–4Google Scholar under date 2/13 Jan. 1659–60; also in Barwick, , Vita Johan. Barwick (1721 ed.), pp. 158–61Google Scholar; Clarendon MSS., vol. lxviii, fos. 77–8, draft by Hyde.

^{page 157 note 2} The lord mayor of London was Thomas Alleyne, elected 27 09 1659Google Scholar. He was a member of the Grocers' Company, sheriff in 1654–56 and was one of the farmers of the excise (Weinstock, , ‘The position of London in national affairs 1658–60’ (unpublished M.A. thesis, University of London) ).Google Scholar

^{page 157 note 3} These additional instructions are not among the Clarendon MSS.

^{page 157 note 4} The earl of Northampton and the earl of Chesterfield by Mordaunt's direction had been approached by Sir John Grenville by 20 Jan. 1659–60, and had expressed their willingness to serve (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 527).Google Scholar

^{page 157 note 5} Lord Mordaunt.

^{page 158 note 1} Marquis of Hertford.

^{page 158 note 2} The earl of Southampton.

^{page 160 note 1} Sir John Grenville was not able to see General Monck and to present the King's letter to him till 19 March 1659–60 (supra, p. xix).

^{page 160 note 2} This letter was written on the eve of Mordaunt's journey from Calais to London. He had left Brussels by 6 Jan (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 301Google Scholar) and he hoped to arrive by Monday, 8/18 Jan.

^{page 160 note 3} Lord Fairfax with three troops of Colonel Lilburne's regiment and various gentlemen had appeared in arms at Marston Moor on 30–31 Dec. 1659 (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, p. 293).Google Scholar

^{page 160 note 4} At Exeter, the gentlemen of Devon on 28 Jan. 1659–60 signed a declaration for a redress of grievances and the return of the secluded members and sent it to General Monck (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, pp. 330–1Google Scholar). They also, through the recorder of Exeter on 14/24 Jan. 1659–60, presented to the speaker a petition to the same effect (The Clarke papers, iv (1901), 258–9).Google Scholar

At Gloucester and Bristol there were also demonstrations in favour of a free parliament (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 525).Google Scholar

^{page 160 note 5} Messire Marc Albert de Ogniate (d. 1674), burgomaster of Bruges, son of Jean Ayayola de Onate of Ayayola in Biscay, secretary of the chamber to the Infanta Isabella, and chamberlain to the Archduke Albert; his mother was the daughter of Jeremy Heath (Archaeologia (1853), p. 348Google Scholar; Clarendon, , Hist., xv. 132).Google Scholar

^{page 160 note 6} Count Salazar was engaged with Ogniate in the plan to bribe Lockhart to surrender Dunkirk to Charles II or to the King of Spain (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 532).Google Scholar

^{page 161 note 1} These were the terms on which Mordaunt through Colonel Nugent and General Sohomberg was trying to secure Dunkirk (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 273Google Scholar). Lockhart had been reported by the Venetian ambassador in France as wanting to make his fortune by offering the place by sale (Cal. S.P.Venetian, 1659–1661, p. 93Google Scholar), and after his return to Dunkirk on 1/11 Dec. (Guizot, , Richard Cromwell, ii. 298Google Scholar) was reported by General Schomberg to be in correspondence with the marquis de Caracena (ibid., ii. 336). Caracena's letters to Don Luis de Haro of 25 Dec./4 Jan., 31 Dec./10 Jan., and 7/17 Jan. suggest that Dunkirk must be obtained by treaty with England, or by force, but the council of state in Madrid preferred the method of negotiation (Guizot, , Richard Cromwell (1868), French edn., ii. 417–20).Google Scholar

^{page 161 note 2} Lieutenant-colonel William Fleetwood of Colonel Alsop's regiment of foot (Firth, , Regimental history, ii. 679).Google Scholar

^{page 161 note 3} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 161 note 4} Daniel O'Neill (supra, p. 104, n. 2).

^{page 161 note 5} Lady Herbert.

^{page 161 note 6} William Lyttleton, royalist; youngest son of Sir Thomas Lyttleton of Hagley, Worcestershire, captain of horse. Usher to Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia (Nash, , Collection for the history of Worcestershire (1786), i. 20Google Scholar). Took part with his brothers in Aug. 1659 in the attempted rising at the Wrekin, Salop (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 312).Google Scholar

^{page 161 note 7} Colonel Charles Wheeler, royalist, of London. Compounded in 1649 (Cal. Committee for Compounding, iii. 1960Google Scholar), took part in the rising in the Wrekin, Aug. 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 312Google Scholar); 26 Jan. 1659–60 Mordaunt asked for him to be sent over to England (ibid., iv. 532).

^{page 161 note 8} Charles Lyttleton (supra, no. 31).

^{page 162 note 1} Printed in full in C.S.P., iii. 642–3Google Scholar, under date 12 Jan. 1659–60, and the heading, ‘The State of the King's affairs sent by Lord Mordaunt’.

^{page 162 note 2} See on the attitude of Spain to the suggestion of definite assistance to Charles II (Guizot, , Richard Cromwell (1868 edn.), ii. 417–20).Google Scholar

^{page 162 note 3} Incorrectly described in the heading to the letter as ‘Sir Henry’.

^{page 162 note 4} This letter is the same as that given in Clarendon MSS., vol. lxviii, fos. 145 and 149. Fo. 145 in H. Baron's hand is signed in undeciphered ciphers. Fo. 149 in Rumbold's hand is signed as from Lord Mordaunt, Sir Thomas Peyton, Sir John Grenville and William Legge. Only the Mordaunt MS. gives a fifth signature, possibly that of John Seymour.

^{page 163 note 1} See previous note. John Seymour, royalist; of Stokenham, Devon; son of Sir Edward Seymour of Berry Pomeroy; brother of Henry Seymour (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 267Google Scholar); compounded for his delinquency in 1649 (Cal. Committee for Compounding, iii. 2063Google Scholar); engaged in royalist activities in 1655 (Thurloe, , S.P., iii. 190Google Scholar), and in 1657 (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 409Google Scholar); 9 Feb. 1659–60 he was sent to the King with important despatches from London (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 556).Google Scholar

^{page 163 note 2} Alderman John Robinson, royalist; nephew of Laud (Sharpe, , London and the kingdom (1894), ii. 401Google Scholar); President Honourable Artillery Company in London; M.P. for London 1659; sheltered Mordaunt and Sir Thomas Middleton after the failure of the rising of 1659 (Baker, , Chronicle, p. 573Google Scholar); Jan. 1659–60 Mordaunt meeting him daily (C.S.P., iii. 650Google Scholar); 1660 knighted (Baker, , Chronicle, p. 615Google Scholar); 1662 Lord Mayor of London (Sharpe, , op. cit., ii. 401).Google Scholar

^{page 163 note 3} Alderman John Langham, royalist; impeached in 1648 (Sharpe, , op. cit., ii. 273Google Scholar); deprived of his aldermanry for royalism; in 1654 was elected M.P. for London but was excluded; 1660 restored to his aldermanry (ibid., ii. 383). Mordaunt planned to apply funds raised from Robinson and Langham to buying over soldiers in London (supra, no. 209; C.S.P., iii. 551).Google Scholar

^{page 163 note 4} Colonel Richard Ingoldsby (supra, no. 56) was to deal with the soldiers, whose pay was in arrears. On 8 Dec. 1659, the common council rejected the petition of householders, for securing the pay of such troops as would engage to secure the peace of the city (C.S.P., iii. 631).Google Scholar

^{page 163 note 5} 210 is the earl of Manchester. See infra, no. 229, and C.S.P., iii. 664.Google Scholar

^{page 163 note 6} William Rumbold in his letter to the King of 23 Dec. 1659, blamed the earl of Manchester for irresolution (C.S.P., iii. 635Google Scholar). The other writer is possibly Dr. John Barwick, who was writing letters for Rumbold (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 497).Google Scholar

^{page 163 note 7} ‘B.M.G.I.Coll’ refer to Major-general Browne and Colonel Richard Ingoldsby, with whom Mordaunt acted (supra, no. 209).

^{page 164 note 1} Colonel Henry Ingoldsby, after helping to secure Windsor Castle for the parliament, returned to Ireland and with his father-in-law, Sir Hardress Waller, was remodelling the Irish Army (Firth, Regimental history, ii. 645).

^{page 164 note 2} Lawson had declared for the parliament, but was described by Brodrick as unwilling to co-operate with royalists (C.S.P., iii. 628, 637).Google Scholar

^{page 164 note 3} Morley hesitated to follow the advice of John Evelyn to declare for the King (Evelyn, , Diary (ed. Bray (1879), iii. 182).Google Scholar

^{page 164 note 4} In supra, no. 36, ‘174’ is Sir Horatio Townshend, who was engaged in negotiation with the Catholics.

^{page 164 note 5} See notes on supra, no. 127.

^{page 165 note 1} Henry Mordaunt, 2nd earl of Peterborough (1624 ?–1697Google Scholar), royalist; eldest son of John Mordaunt, ist earl of Peterborough; served first in parliamentarian army but after April 1643 for the King. He compounded finally for his estate in 1651 (Cal. Committee for Compounding, ii. 1208Google Scholar). He did not share in John Mordaunt's activities for the restoration. D.N.B.

^{page 165 note 2} ‘216’ is Monck. See infra, no. 224, n. 6.

^{page 165 note 3} The £5,000 granted to Lambert (supra, no. 223).

^{page 165 note 4} Sir Henry Vane was expelled the house by parliament on 9 Jan. 1659–60 (Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 201).Google Scholar

^{page 165 note 5} Richard Salwey (1615–1685)Google Scholar, parliamentarian; 4th son of Humphrey Salwey, M.P. for Worcestershire in Nov. 1640; M.P. for Appleby in 1645; 1646 one of five civil commissioners sent to Ireland; member of the third and fourth councils of state and a commissioner for regulating the navy under the commonwealth; Aug. 1654 ambassador to Constantinople; May 1659 one of the committee of safety and council of state (Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 80, 84Google Scholar); Dec. 1659 one of the mediators between the army and the fleet (ibid., ii. 181); 17 Jan. 1659–60 he was ordered to the Tower, but 21 Jan. allowed to retire to the country (C.J., vii. 813, 818Google Scholar). Died 1685. D.N.B.

^{page 165 note 6} ‘216’ refers to Monck. The letter alluded to is probably that of Mordaunt to the King, 16 Jan. 1659–60 (C.S.P., iii. 649–52).Google Scholar

^{page 165 note 7} Sir Richard Willis.

^{page 165 note 8} ‘255’ is probably Colonel John Russell, who wrote to the King on 13 Jan. 1659–60 that he would obey his commands as to Sir Richard Willis (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 520).Google Scholar

^{page 165 note 9} ‘131’ is probably Sir William Compton, like Colonel Russell a member of the Sealed Knot. He and Russell wrote to the King on 13 Jan. 1659–60 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 520).Google Scholar

^{page 166 note 1} On 17 Jan. 1660 the earl of Chesterfield killed in a duel a Mr. Woolly, son of the Rev. Dr. Woolly, who attended the court in Paris as a preacher (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 527Google Scholar; Evelyn, Diary (edited Bray, (1879), ii. 33Google Scholar). The earl fled to France and was pardoned at the restoration.

^{page 166 note 2} On 13 Jan. 1659–60 the council of state ordered the arrest of Colonels Lambert, Desborough, Ashfield, Barrow, Berry, Kelsey, Cobbett, Packer and Major Creed for disobedience to the order of 9 Jan. requiring them to leave London (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, p. 309).Google Scholar

^{page 166 note 3} Incorrectly ‘Sir Henry’ in MS.

^{page 166 note 4} ‘216’ refers to Monck.

^{page 166 note 5} By the end of Dec. 1659 Hull, Portsmouth, Plymouth and other towns had declared for a free parliament or the return of the members secluded in 1648 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 483, 498).Google Scholar

^{page 166 note 6} Lord Jermyn was sent in Jan. to the French court to renew the appeal for assistance for Charles II (Carte, , Ormonde, iii. 699–701Google Scholar; Cal. C.S.P., iv. 540).Google Scholar

^{page 167 note 1} The Emperor Leopold did not marry the Princess Henriette, youngest daughter of Charles I, but the Infanta Marie Marguerite of Spain on 25 April 1666 (Legrelle, , La diplomatie française et la succession d'Espagne (1888), i. 102).Google Scholar

^{page 167 note 2} After seeing Lord Jermyn, Mazarin was still not prepared to intervene in English affairs (D'Avenel, , Lettres de Cardinal Mazarin, ix (1906), 480).Google Scholar

^{page 167 note 3} See on Lambert's intrigues, Guizot, , Richard Cromwell, ii, 326Google Scholar, and The Nicholas papers, iv (1920), 196.Google Scholar

^{page 167 note 4} This is out of place here. It is a section of the letter of Lord Mordaunt to the King 16 Jan. 1659–60 (supra, no. 209) and should have formed part of it. It is printed in C.S.P., iii. 651–2).Google Scholar

^{page 167 note 5} John Lindsay, 17th earl of Crawford (1596–1678)Google Scholar, son of Robert, gth Lord Lindsay of the Byres; 1641 one of the covenanting Scotch nobles; 1644 treasurer and earl of Crawford; 1646 one of the Scotch commissioners with the Newcastle propositions to the King; 1648 he headed the ‘engagers’ but on the defeat of the duke of Hamilton was deprived of his offices; 1650 supported Charles II; 1651 to 3 March 1660 imprisoned in England; Jan. 1660–61 lord high treasurer of Scotland; 1663 he was deprived of his office for opposing the restoration of episcopacy. Died 1678. D.N.B.

The paper enclosed by Mordaunt from the earl of Crawford is probably that dated 14 Jan. 1659–60 (Clarendon MSS., vol. lxviii, fos. 157–8).

^{page 167 note 6} ‘216’ is Monck.

^{page 168 note 1} Lord Mordaunt.

^{page 168 note 2} Feb. 1661 Hartgill Baron was granted in reversion for 31 years at a yearly fee of £4 the office of keeping the garden on the south side of Windsor Castle (Cal. S.P, Dom., 1660–1661, p. 522Google Scholar). 29 Nov. 1661 he was granted an annuity of £200 for 31 years for his services (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1661–1662, p. 161).Google Scholar

^{page 168 note 3} He compounded for his delinquency in 1650, but his fine was very small—£1 13s. 4d. (Cal. Committee for Compounding, iv. 2516).Google Scholar

^{page 168 note 4} Clarendon MSS., vol. lxvii, fos. 274–5, partly deciphered cipher endorsed by H. Hyde. Calendared in Cal. C.S.P., iv. 522Google Scholar, under the date 16 Jan. ? 1659–60.

^{page 169 note 1} Dr. Richard Allestree arrived at Brussels with letters from Dr. Barwick for the King on 16/26 Dec. 1659 (Barwick, , Vita Johannis Barwick (1721 edition), p. 381Google Scholar). He was also engaged in negotiations with Mr. Otway and Colonel Clobery (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 499Google Scholar). Clobery is possibly the ‘gentleman’ alluded to, and the terms are the basis suggested by the presbyterians for a settlement by means of Monck for the restoration of the King.

^{page 169 note 2} By 20 Jan. 1659–60 the earls of Northampton, Chesterfield and Middlesex and Lords St. John and Bellasis were described by Sir John Grenville to Hyde as ready to serve the King, though still unwilling to meet Mordaunt (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 527).Google Scholar

^{page 169 note 3} George Villiers, 4th Viscount Grandison (d. 1699)Google Scholar; 3rd son of Sir Edward Villiers, president of Munster, succeeded his brother John, the 3rd viscount, in 1659. He was captain of a troop of horse in 1660. Died 1699. The complete peerage, vol. vi (1926), 76.Google Scholar

^{page 169 note 4} In the original the name is deciphered as Colonel Gilby. Colonel Anthony Gilby, of Everton, Notts, was the brother of Sir Theophilus Gilby. He was lieutenant-colonel of Sir John Digby's regiment in Notts and one of those who signed the capitulation of Newark in 1646 (Wood, , Nottinghamshire in the civil war (1937), p. 167Google Scholar); he took part in the second civil war, compounded in 1650 (Cal. Committee for Compounding, iv. 2632Google Scholar); was involved in the rising of 1655 and imprisoned in 1656 (Wood, , op. cit., p. 169Google Scholar); in Jan. 1659–60 he was in London in touch with Mordaunt and John Cooper (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 535, 555).Google Scholar

^{page 169 note 5} Mordaunt was working with Sir Thomas Peyton, Sir John Grenville, Colonel William Legge and Colonel Gilby to win the presbyterians (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 535Google Scholar). The presbyterians were actively considering negotiating on terms with the King (Guizot, , Richard Cromwell, ii. 327).Google Scholar

^{page 170 note 1} Dr. Allestree had been sent over to Brussels to the King (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, p. 305Google Scholar). He was arrested at Dover on his return but managed to save the letters he was bringing with him (ibid., p. 324).

^{page 170 note 2} Spain could not spare ships from Flanders for Charles II; she needed them for the war with Portugal (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 540).Google Scholar

^{page 170 note 3} No French forces were forthcoming (D'Avenel, , Lettres de Cardinal Mazarin, ix (1906), 495).Google Scholar

^{page 170 note 4} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 170 note 5} This is out of place here. It is a section of the letter of Lord Mordaunt to the King of 16 Jan. 1659–60 (supra, no. 209), and should have formed part of it. It is printed in C.S.P., iii. 652.Google Scholar

^{page 170 note 6} The pay of the navy was badly in arrears and the ships lacked food and stores (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, pp. 338, 516).Google Scholar

^{page 171 note 1} See supra, no. 206, on Mr. Breames's negotiations with Lawson.

^{page 171 note 2} Mr. Ford was a London merchant (supra, no. 206).

^{page 171 note 3} Henry Booth was at Calais and was engaged in the forwarding of letters to royalists in England (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, p. 324).Google Scholar

^{page 171 note 4} Lord Jermyn did not return from his visit to the French court at Toulouse, to Charles II at Brussels till 25 Feb. (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 575).Google Scholar

^{page 171 note 5} Lord Mordaunt.

^{page 171 note 6} Possibly the letter of 19 Jan. 1659–60 of Lord Mordaunt to Sir Robert Moray (supra, no. 226).

^{page 172 note 1} The Queen-mother Henrietta Maria.

^{page 172 note 2} Lord Jermyn was not created earl of St. Albans till 27 April 1660 (G. E. C., The complete peerage, vii (1896), 4).Google Scholar

^{page 172 note 3} This unsigned letter is probably from the sister-in-law of Lady Mordaunt. Elizabeth Mordaunt, daughter of John Mordaunt, 1st earl of Peterborough, and sister of John Lord Mordaunt. She married Thomas, son and heir of Edward Howard, 1st Lord Howard of Esrick. She is probably referring here to her brother-in-law William Howard.

^{page 172 note 4} William Howard, 3rd Lord Howard of Esrick (1626 ?–1694)Google Scholar, 2nd son of Edward Howard, 1st Lord Howard of Esrick, was in 1653 a member of Cromwell's life-guard, an anabaptist and a republican. He procured an address of the Levellers to Charles II and visited the King at Bruges (Clarendon, , Hist., xv. 104–31Google Scholar); he was imprisoned in 1657 but released in 1658; Jan. 1659–60 he visited the King at Brussels and Hyde thought he might prove useful among the anabaptists (C.S.P., iii. 658Google Scholar). He corresponded with Hyde under the pseudonym ‘Dick Collins’ (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 592Google Scholar). M.P. for Winchelsea in 1660; 1678 he succeeded his brother as 3rd Lord Howard of Esrick. Died 1694. D.N.B.

^{page 173 note 1} Mordaunt's return to England had been requested by Baron in his letter of 29 Dec. (supra, no. 203). Mordaunt was back in England by 13 Jan. 1659–60 (supra, no. 222).

^{page 173 note 2} The correspondence of Cardinal Mazarin hardly supports this view.

^{page 173 note 3} ‘Mr. Beaumont’ stands for the King (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 429).Google Scholar

^{page 173 note 4} ‘Allen’ was a pseudonym used by Dr. Richard Allestree who left Brussels with letters for England on 13 Jan. 1659–60 (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, p. 569Google Scholar; Cal. C.S.P., iv. 518).Google Scholar

^{page 173 note 5} The letter of Mordaunt referred to is supra, no. 218, written from Calais on his way back to England, and containing a reference to a plan for bribing Lockhart to surrender Dunkirk.

^{page 173 note 6} See supra, no. 60, for Monsieur Jammot.

^{page 173 note 7} ‘The knight’ was probably a reference to Sir Robert Moray; see supra, no. 232.

^{page 173 note 8} ‘Mr. Alin's friend’, was his companion Sir John Stephens, who was arrested at Dover (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, p. 324Google Scholar, there called ‘Stevenson’). Sir John Stephens was in Dunkirk in 1656 (Cal. C.S.P., iii. 97Google Scholar) and engaged in 1657 in carrying letters for the King (ibid., p. 345); after his arrest in Jan. 1659–60 at Dover, he was imprisoned at Lambeth (Clarendon, , Hist., xvi. 139, 140).Google Scholar

^{page 174 note 1} Charles II arrived at Brussels with Lord Mordaunt on 16 Dec. 1659 (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 485).Google Scholar

^{page 175 note 1} Lord Mordaunt had desired to be of the King's bedchamber if he were restored in Dec. 1659 (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, p. 278Google Scholar), but his ambitions were now rising to become secretary of state.

^{page 175 note 2} ‘Sir H. B.’ is Sir Henry Bennet, who was appointed secretary of state in succession to Sir Edward Nicholas on 2 Oct. 1662. In June 1660 the King appointed to the other secretaryship of state Sir William Morice, Monck's kinsman (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1660–1661, p. 75).Google Scholar

^{page 175 note 3} The letter is unsigned.

^{page 175 note 4} Lord Jermyn (supra, no. 227).

^{page 175 note 5} This letter is probably written by Elizabeth Howard, like no. 233. The cousin referred to is her brother-in-law William Howard.

^{page 175 note 6} Lady Howard of Esrick.

^{page 175 note 7} Colonel Nugent was still engaged in plans for securing Dunkirk for the King. He was in touch still with General Schomberg, who on 27 Dec./6 Jan. 1659–60, informed the King that he had supplied Nugent with money in order to carry on the negotiations with the English garrison of Dunkirk, set on foot by Mordaunt (Carte, , Ormonde papers, ii. 273–4Google Scholar). Nugent's nephew is unidentified.

^{page 176 note 1} 171 possibly refers to Hyde. The cipher used by Lord Mordaunt in his letters to his wife, differs from those he used to the King and to Hyde. But from the letter of Lady Mordaunt to her husband of 23 Feb./4 March 1659–60 (B.M. Addit. MSS. 32499), it appears that Mordaunt had resented criticism and had shown himself jealous and suspicious. From internal evidence, the allusion appears to be to Hyde's letter to Mordaunt of 10/20 Feb. 1659–60 (C.S.P., iii. 683–6).Google Scholar

^{page 176 note 2} ‘118’ is probably Brodrick, who criticises Mordaunt in his letters of 13 and 20 Jan. 1659–60 to Hyde (C.S.P., iii. 644, 655).Google Scholar

^{page 176 note 3} ‘267’ probably refers to William Rumbold, whose cipher Brodrick borrowed (C.S.P., iii. 669).Google Scholar

^{page 176 note 4} Lady Mordaunt returned to England with Hartgill Baron c. 7/17 March 1659–60 (Cat. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, 385Google Scholar). ‘Nell’ is probably a servant.

^{page 176 note 5} See supra, no. 234, n. 8.

^{page 176 note 6} Lady Grimston, wife of Sir Harbottle Grimston (1603–1685)Google Scholar, speaker of the Convention parliament. He married (1) Mary, daughter of Sir George Croke, (2) Anne, daughter of Sir Nathaniel Bacon, and relict of Sir Thomas Meautys. D.N.B.

^{page 176 note 7} Undeciphered.

^{page 176 note 8} The letters of Brodrick to Hyde of 13 and 27 Jan. 1659–60 (C.S.P., iii. 661Google Scholar) suggest that he was in touch with St. John.

^{page 176 note 9} There is no such instruction in the extant letters of the King to Mordaunt from Fuentarabia, but it is possible that it was given verbally.

^{page 176 note 10} Clarendon MSS., vol. lxix, fos. 7–8; C.S.P., iii. 659–60.Google Scholar

^{page 177 note 1} ‘Mr. Pierce’ in the Mordaunt MS., ‘Mr. Prinn’ in the Clarendon MS. Prynne published on 4 Jan. 1659–60 his tract Seven additional Quaeres in behalf of the secluded members, and on 13 Jan. The case of the old secured, secluded and now excluded members stated (Catalogue of the Thomason Tracts (1908), ii. 275, 277).

^{page 177 note 2} Arthur Annesley, 2nd Viscount Valentia, 1st earl of Anglesey (1614–1686)Google Scholar, parliamentarian; eldest son of Sir Francis Annesley, 1st Viscount Valentia and Lord Mountnorris; 1645 one of three parliamentarian commissioners sent to Ireland; 1658 M.P. for Dublin; 1659 he tried unsuccess fully to gain admission to the Rump; 23 Feb. 1659–60 member of the council of state; 1660 M.P. for Carmarthen; Nov. 1660 Viscount Valentia; 20 April 1661 created earl of Anglesey; 1672–82 lord privy seal. Died 1686. D.N.B.

^{page 177 note 3} Colonel Edward Cooke, parliamentarian, younger son of Sir Robert Cooke of Highnam, Gloucs, served under Sir William Waller and Colonel Massey (Ludlow, , Memoirs, i. 130Google Scholar, n. 2); 1659 M.P. for Tewkesbury; influential with the presbyterians and the secluded members (Cal. C.S.P., iv. 159, 526Google Scholar); he was in touch with Monck in Jan. 1659–60 (ibid., iv. 533) but by March 1660 was professing devotion to the King (ibid., iv. 585).

^{page 177 note 4} John Crew, 1st Baron Crew of Stene (1598–1679)Google Scholar, parliamentarian; eldest son of Sir Thomas Crew; 1625 M.P. for Amersham; 1626 for Brackley; 1628 for Banbury; April 1640 for Northants; Nov. 1640 for Brackley; one of the parliamentarian commissioners at Uxbridge and in the negotiations with the King in 1646 and 1648; Dec. 1648 one of the secluded members; 1654 M.P. for Northants; 1657 summoned to the Other House but did not sit; 23 Feb. 1659–60 one of the council of state; 20 April 1661 created Baron Crew of Stene. Died 1679. D.N.B.

^{page 177 note 5} The earl of Manchester was appointed lord chamberlain by Charles II at the Restoration (Ludlow, , Memoirs, ii. 284Google Scholar). It was the position of lord treasurer which he sought (infra, no. 242).

^{page 177 note 6} See supra, no. 218.

^{page 177 note 7} Major-general John Middleton was also sometimes styled Lieutenant-general.

^{page 178 note 1} Henry IV of France.

^{page 178 note 2} Undeciphered.

^{page 178 note 3} The earl of Southampton was made lord treasurer at the restoration (Baker, , Chronicle, p. 617).Google Scholar

^{page 178 note 4} Monck quartered at Market Harborough 23 Jan. 1659–60 (The Clarke papers, iv (1901) 259).Google Scholar

^{page 178 note 5} Mordaunt does not allow here for the breach between Sir Arthur Hesilrige and Sir Henry Vane. After Vane's discharge from the house of commons on 9 Jan. 1659–60 (C.J., vii. 806Google Scholar), Hesilrige had no intercourse with him (The Clarke papers, iv (1901), 261Google Scholar). On 9 Jan. Major-general Lambert with eight other officers was required to leave London (C.J., vii. 806).Google Scholar

^{page 178 note 6} Clarendon MSS., vol. lxix, fo. 6. The letter is not in Mordaunt's hand except for a few lines at the end. The hand has been ascribed to Hartgill Baron (Cal. S.C.P., iv. 532Google Scholar, n. 1). The letter is in largely deciphered cipher, and endorsed by Hyde. It is a reply to Hyde's letter of 13/23 Jan. (C.S.P., iii. 658).Google Scholar

^{page 179 note 1} Mordaunt is alluding to his escape in arriving safely in England without arrest at the port.

^{page 179 note 2} ‘Mr. Wright’ is William Rumbold.

^{page 179 note 3} In the Clarendon MS. after the word ‘honor’ the text runs— ‘Did Curtius pit open itselfe to me, I would leap in to serve my king and country, and yet to this I wilbe as prudent as I can.’

^{page 179 note 4} In the Clarendon MS. ‘conceale’.

^{page 179 note 5} Lambert, who had not obeyed the order of parliament to retire from London, was on 26 Jan. 1659–60 ordered to live at Holmby House, Northants (C.J., vii. 823).Google Scholar

^{page 179 note 6} The Clarendon MS. has the following postscript. ‘I was afraid I should heare nothing of my good friends 213 (Massey), 986 (and) 372 (Titus), 370. 99, having been 765 (wrongly deciphered as “fatall”, instead of “here”) without any account, and that I now receave troubles me, the last being the night before he intended to try the kindnesse of the sea and winds, which has obstructed his journey and lost us the use of his advice. My humble service to my 583, 597, 500 (Lord Ormonde).’

^{page 180 note 1} On 27 Jan. 1659–60 Mordaunt wrote another letter, possibly to Sir Edward Nicholas, complaining of being misrepresented both in England and to the King by Brodrick, Scott, Palden and Cooper (C.S.P., iii. 661–2).Google Scholar

^{page 180 note 2} John Nicholas (b. 1623), eldest son of Sir Edward Nicholas; clerk of the council (The Nicholas papers, iv (1920)Google Scholar, 54 n.a). D.N.B.

^{page 180 note 3} The letter was probably written about 27 Jan. as another letter of that date, of which a copy is in Lady Mordaunt's hand (Clarendon MSS., vol. lxix, fos. 24–5), also states that Monsieur Jammot will be sent to the King the following Monday.

^{page 180 note 4} The Rump.

^{page 180 note 5} The commissioners sent by the city of London to Monck were Alderman Fowke, Alderman Vincent and Mr. Bromfield. They met Monck on 23 Jan. 1659–60 at Market Harborough (Baker, , Chronicle, p. 595).Google Scholar

^{page 181 note 1} Sir Robert Pye (d. 1701), parliamentarian; son of Sir Robert Pye, remembrancer of the exchequer; married Anne daughter of John Hampden; fought in the first civil war under the earl of Essex and as a colonel of horse in the New Model army (Firth, , Regimental history, i. 127Google Scholar); he was arrested by the army in 1647 but released by Fairfax; 1654 and 1658 M.P. for Berks; 25 Jan. with Major Fincher was sent to the Tower for presenting a petition from Berkshire for the readmission of the secluded members (ibid., i. 141). He was released on 21 Feb. (C.J., vii. 847Google Scholar); M.P. for Berks in 1660. Died 1701. D.N.B.

^{page 181 note 2} Major Richard Fincher, parliamentarian, was quartermaster-general of horse under Fairfax (Firth, , Regimental history, i. 50).Google Scholar

^{page 181 note 3} ‘Mr. Donnell’ is a pseudonym for Lord Mordaunt (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1659–1660, p. 318).Google Scholar

^{page 181 note 4} Sir Robert Moray is mistaken. The proposal to permit the Scots to arm had been discussed by Monck with his council at Berwick, but decided in the negative (The Clarke papers, iv (1901), xxi. 194–5Google Scholar; Baker, , Chronicle, p. 590–1.)Google Scholar

^{page 182 note 1} The letter is unsigned.

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