Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-t5tsf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-13T01:04:50.734Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Gender Component of Internal Displacement in Ukraine: A Case of Business (In)Capability to Localize Human Rights Impact Assessment

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 January 2022

Ganna Khrystova  and
Olena Uvarova Open the ORCID record for Olena Uvarova [Opens in a new window]
Ganna Khrystova
Affiliation:
Doctor of Juridical Science, Senior Project Officer (the Council of Europe Project ‘Internal Displacement in Ukraine: Building Solution’)
Olena Uvarova*
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, PhD, Head of the International Business and Human Rights Lab (Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University), Kharkiv, Ukraine
*
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Human rights due diligence (HRDD) has become the buzzword of much of the advocacy and work today around business and human rights.1 It is almost commonplace that companies have the responsibility to identify, prevent, mitigate and account for how they address these adverse human rights impacts as part of their ongoing HRDD processes, in line with the UNGPs.2 The assessment of human rights impacts (HRIA) is a critical step in this process.3

Keywords

business capacity to assess gender equality risksgender equalityinternal displacementlocalization of human rights due diligencewomen’s rights
Type
Developments in the Field
Information
Business and Human Rights Journal , Volume 7 , Issue 3: Special Issue: Business and Human Rights in Latin America , October 2022 , pp. 500 - 507
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Quijano, Gabriela and Lopez, Carlos, ‘Rise of Mandatory Human Rights Due Diligence: A Beacon of Hope or Double-Edge Sword?’ (2021) 6:2 Business and Human Rights Journal 1–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

2 Jimenez-Damary, Cecilia, ‘Promotion and protection of human rights: human rights questions, including alternative approaches for improving the effective enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms. Human rights of internally displaced persons’, Report of the Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons (2020), https://undocs.org/A/75/207 (accessed 31 May 2021).

3 Danish Institute for Human Rights, ‘Human Rights Impact Assessment Guidance and Toolbox’, Ed. by Reynolds, Ashley Nancy, https://www.humanrights.dk/sites/humanrights.dk/files/media/document/DIHR%20HRIA%20Toolbox_Welcome_and_Introduction_ENG_2020.pdf, 10 (accessed 11 November 2021).

4 Global Report on Internal Displacement 2021 (GRID 2021), https://reliefweb.int/report/world/global-report-internal-displacement-2021-grid-2021 (accessed 31 May 2021).

5 Unified information database on internally displaced persons in Ukraine, https://www.msp.gov.ua/news/19501.html (accessed 31 May 2021).

6 Global report on internal displacement. IDMC and Norwegian Refugee Council, http://internal-displacement.org/assets/publications/2016/2016-global-report-internaldisplacementIDMC.pdf (accessed 31 May 2021).

7 Azarova, Valentina, ‘Business and Human Rights in Occupied Territory: The UN Database of Business Active in Israel’s Settlements’ (2018) 3 Business and Human Rights Journal 187–209 Google Scholar; Farah, Marya and Abdallah, Maha, ‘Security, Business and Human Rights in the Occupied Palestinian Territory’ (2019) 4:1 Business and Human Rights Journal 7–31, doi.org/10.1017/bhj.2018.27; UN Working Group on Business and Human Rights, ‘Business, human rights and conflict-affected regions: towards heightened action’ (2020), https://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/Business/Pages/ConflictPostConflict.aspx (accessed 31 May 2021).

8 ‘Zhinok-pereselenok na rynku pratsi dyskryminuyut′ za genderom i vikom – doslidzhennya’ (in Ukrainian) [Displaced women are discriminated on the basis of gender and age in the labor market – the research results], https://zmina.info/news/zhinokpereselenok_na_rinku_praci_diskriminujiut_za_jenderom_i_vikom_ta_stigmatizujiut__doslidzhennjia-2 (accessed 10 November 2021).

9 ‘Employment needs assessment and employability of internally displaced persons in Ukraine’, Summary of survey findings and recommendations, International Labour Organization (2016), 20.

10 IOM: Survey Shows Displaced Women in Ukraine Desperate for Work (2019), https://www.iom.int/news/iom-survey-shows-displaced-women-ukraine-desperate-work (accessed 10 November 2021).

11 Thematic Report: ‘Conflict-Related Displacement in Ukraine: Increased Vulnerabilities of Affected Populations and Triggers of Tension within Communities’, OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine (2016), 10.

12 Doreen, Indra (ed.), Engendering Forced Migration. Theory and Practice (New York: Berghahn Books, 1998).Google Scholar

13 Hajdukowski-Ahmed, Maroussia, Khanlou, Nazilla and Moussa, Helene, Not Born A Refugee Woman. Contesting Identities, Rethinking Practices (New York: Berghahn Books, 2009).Google Scholar

14 Indra, note 12.

15 UNHRC, Position Paper on Gender-Related Persecution, with the Subsequent Adoption of the Guidelines on the Protection of Refugee Women (1991), https://www.unhcr.org/publications/legal/3d4f915e4/guidelines-protection-refugee-women.html (accessed 31 May 2021).

16 Internally Displaced People, the UN Refugee Agency, https://www.unhcr.org/internally-displaced-people.html (accessed 10 November 2021).

17 Benjamin, Judy A, and Fancy, Khadija, ‘The Gender Dimensions of Internal Displacement’, Concept Paper and Annotated Bibliography (1998), 12.

18 Fiddian-Qasmiyeh, Elena, Loescher, Gil, Long, Katy, Sigona, Nando, et al, Gender and Forced Migration, In The Oxford Handbook of Refugee and Forced Migration Studies (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2016).Google Scholar

19 ILO, The COVID-19 Response: Getting Gender Equality Right for a Better Future for Women at Work (2020), https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---gender/documents/publication/wcms_744685.pdf (accessed 31 May 2021).

20 UNDP, How to Integrate Gender into Socio-Economic Assessments (2020), https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/librarypage/womens-empowerment/how-to-integrate-gender-into-socio-economic-assessments.html (accessed 31 May 2021); UNWOMEN, Will The Pandemic Derail Hard-Won Progress on Gender Equality? Spotlight on Gender, COVID-19 and the SDGs (2020), https://www2.unwomen.org/-/media/headquarters/attachments/sections/library/publications/2020/spotlight-on-gender-covid-19-and-the-sdgs-en.pdf?la=en&vs=5013 (accessed 31 May 2021).

21 Franz, Barabara, ‘Bosnian Refugee Women in (Re)settlement: Gender Relations and Social Mobility’ (2003) 73 Feminist Review 86–103 CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

22 Holloway, Kerrie, Stavropoulou, Maria and Daigle, Megan, Gender in Displacement. The State of Play. Humanitarian Policy Group, Working Paper (2019), https://odi.org/en/publications/gender-in-displacement-the-state-of-play/ (accessed 31 May 2021); Formson, Constance and Hilhorst, Dorothea, The many faces of transactional sex: women’s agency, livelihoods and risk factors in humanitarian contexts: a literature review. Secure Livelihoods Research Consortium. Working Paper 41 (London: ODI, 2016); Ritchie, Holly, ‘Gender and Enterprise in Fragile Refugee Settings: Female Empowerment Amidst Male Emasculation – A Challenge to Local integration?’ (2018) 42 Disasters 40–60; Sahoo, Dinabandhu and Mishra, Niharranjan, ‘Development-Induced Displacement and Gender Injustice: Some Critical Reflections’ (2016) 5:4 Journal of Politics & Governance 19–29 CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

23 Cardoso, Lauren, Shuman, Sara, et al, ‘What Factors Contribute to Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in Urban, Conflict-Affected Settings? Qualitative findings from Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire’ (2016) 93:2 Journal of Urban Health 364–378 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed; Levine, Simon, Ullah, Zaki, Khan, Saeed Ullah et al The Impact of Displacement on Gender Roles and Relations: The Case of IDPs from FATA (London: ODI, 2019); Lokot, Michelle, ‘Syrian Refugees: Thinking Beyond Gender Stereotypes’ (2018) 57 Forced Migration Review 33–35.

24 Rohwerder, Brigitte, Women and girls in forced and protracted displacement (GSDRC, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, 2016).

25 Stark, Lindsay, and Ager, Alastair, ‘A Systematic Review of Prevalence Studies of Gender-Based Violence in Complex Emergencies’ (2011) 12:3 Trauma Violence Abuse 127–34.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

26 UN Working Group, Gender dimensions of the Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights. Report of the Working Group on the issue of human rights and transnational corporations and other business enterprises. Human Rights Council, 24 June to 12 July 2019, https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G19/146/10/PDF/G1914610.pdf?OpenElement (accessed 31 May 2021).

27 Bourke Martignoni, Joanna, and Umlas, Elizabeth, ‘Gender-Responsive Due Diligence For Business Actors: Human Rights-Based Approaches’ (2018) 12 The Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights, Academy Briefing 6–18.

28 The survey was conducted in person in several stages with a grant support provided by the Council of Europe Project ‘Internal Displacement in Ukraine: Building Solutions’, https://www.coe.int/en/web/kyiv/idps2 (accessed 11 November 2021).