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American colonists who clung to the British standard when the final break with the mother country came have long been christened Loyalists, and have been extensively studied. Protagonists of the colonies in the mother country, however, have been comparatively neglected, and there were a considerable number of these individuals. Although mainly of secondary importance, there were a number of merchants and others whose sympathies, for various reasons, lay with the American colonies, and who worked on behalf of the colonial interest in this country often as close associates with the Rockingham Whigs.