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The spatial genetic differentiation of the legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata F. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) populations in West Africa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 April 2012

T.A. Agunbiade ,
B.S. Coates ,
K.S. Kim ,
D. Forgacs ,
V.M. Margam ,
L.L. Murdock ,
M.N. Ba ,
C.L. Binso-Dabire ,
I. Baoua  and
M.F. Ishiyaku
...Show all authors
T.A. Agunbiade*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
B.S. Coates
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Ames, Iowa, USA
K.S. Kim
Affiliation:
College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea and USDA–ARS, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Ames, Iowa, USA
D. Forgacs
Affiliation:
School of Integrative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
V.M. Margam
Affiliation:
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
L.L. Murdock
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
M.N. Ba
Affiliation:
Institut de L'Environnement et de Recherches Agricole Station de Kamboinse, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, France
C.L. Binso-Dabire
Affiliation:
Institut de L'Environnement et de Recherches Agricole Station de Kamboinse, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, France
I. Baoua
Affiliation:
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique du Niger, Maradi, Niger
M.F. Ishiyaku
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Science, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
M. Tamò
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Cotonou, Benin
B.R. Pittendrigh
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
*
*Author for correspondence Fax: (217) 244–3499 E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

The legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata, is an endemic insect pest that causes significant yield loss to the cowpea crop in West Africa. The application of population genetic tools is important in the management of insect pests but such data on M. vitrata is lacking. We applied a set of six microsatellite markers to assess the population structure of M. vitrata collected at five sites from Burkina Faso, Niger and Nigeria. Observed polymorphisms ranged from one (marker 3393) to eight (marker 32008) alleles per locus. Observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.0 to 0.8 and 0.0 to 0.6, respectively. Three of the loci in samples from Nigeria and Burkina Faso deviated significantly from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE), whereas no loci deviated significantly in samples from Niger. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that 67.3% level of the genetic variation was within individuals compared to 17.3% among populations. A global estimate of FST=0.1 (ENA corrected FST=0.1) was significant (P⩽0.05) and corroborated by pairwise FST values that were significant among all possible comparisons. A significant correlation was predicted between genetic divergence and geographic distance between subpopulations (R2=0.6, P=0.04), and cluster analysis by the program STRUCTURE predicted that co-ancestry of genotypes were indicative of three distinct populations. The spatial genetic variance among M. vitrata in West Africa may be due to limited gene flow, south-north seasonal movement pattern or other reproductive barriers. This information is important for the cultural, chemical and biological control strategies for managing M. vitrata.

Keywords

microsatellitescowpea pestsWest Africa
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 102 , Issue 5 , October 2012 , pp. 589 - 599
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

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