Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T21:29:14.407Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Sources of variation in the interaction between three cereal aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and wheat (Poaceae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

S.M. Migui  and
R.J. Lamb
S.M. Migui
Affiliation:
Cereal Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2M9, Canada Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada
R.J. Lamb*
Affiliation:
Cereal Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2M9, Canada
*
*Fax: (+1) 204 983 4604 E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The relative contributions of host plant, herbivore species and clone to variation in the interaction between cereal aphids and wheat were investigated using five clones each of three species, Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus), Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) and Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), on seedlings of two cultivars of Triticum aestivum L. and one cultivar of Triticum durum Desf. More individuals and biomass of R. padi than of the other two species were produced on seedlings. The three wheat cultivars lost similar amounts of biomass as a result of infestation by aphids, with the amount lost depending on aphid species: S. avenae caused the lowest loss in biomass. Variation in aphid biomass production was due mostly to differences among aphid species (70%), less to the interaction between wheat type and aphid species (7%), and least to aphid clone (1%). The specific impact of the aphids on the plants ranged from 1.7 to 3.7 mg of plant biomass lost per mg of aphid biomass gained, being lowest for R. padi and highest for S. graminum. Variation in plant biomass lost to herbivory was due mostly to unknown sources of error (95%), probably phenotypic differences among individual seedlings, with 3% due to aphid species and none attributable to aphid clone. For these aphid–plant interactions, differences among aphid clones within species contributed little to variation in aphid and plant productivity; therefore, a small sample of clones was adequate for quantifying the interactions. Furthermore, one clone of each species maintained in the laboratory for about 200 parthenogenetic generations was indistinguishable from clones collected recently from the field.

Keywords

Rhopalosiphum padiSitobion avenaeSchizaphis graminumTriticum aestivumTriticum durumclonescultivarsaphid–plant interactions
Type
Review Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 96 , Issue 3 , June 2006 , pp. 235 - 241
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2006

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Blackman, R.L. (1985) Aphid cytology and genetics. pp. 171–237 Evolution and Biosystematics of Aphids. Proceedings of the International Aphidological Symposium at Jablonna, April 1981. Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw.Google Scholar
Cochran, W.G. (1977) Sampling techniques 3rd New York WileyGoogle Scholar
Dixon, A.F.G. (1998) Aphid ecology, London, Chapman & Hall.Google Scholar
Edwards, O.R. (2001) Interspecific and intraspecific variation in the performance of three pest aphid species on five grain legume hosts. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 100, 21–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Figueroa, C.C., Loayza-Muro, R. & Niemeyer, H.M. (2002) Temporal variation of RAPD–PCR phenotype composition of the grain aphid Sitobion avenae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on wheat: the role of hydroxamic acids. Bulletin of Entomological Research 92, 25–33.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fuentes-Contreras, E., Figueroa, C.C., Reyes, M., Briones, L.M. & Niemeyer, H.M. (2004) Genetic diversity and insecticide resistance of Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) populations from tobacco in Chile: evidence for the existence of a single predominant clone. Bulletin of Entomological Research 94, 11–18.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gavloski, J. & Lamb, R.J. (2000) Specific impacts of herbivores: comparing diverse insect species on young plants. Environmental Entomology 29, 1–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lamb, R.J. & MacKay, P.A. (1995) Tolerance of antibiotic and susceptible cereal seedlings to the aphids Metopolophium dirhodum and Rhopalosiphum padi. Annals of Applied Biology 127, 573–583.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lamb, R.J., Tucker, J.R., Wise, I.L. & Smith, M.A.H. (2000a) Trophic interaction between Sitodiplosis mosellana (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and spring wheat (Gramineae): implications for yield and seed quality. Canadian Entomologist 132, 607–625.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lamb, R.J., McKenzie, R.I.H., Wise, I.L., Barker, P.S. & Smith, M.A.H. (2000b) Resistance to Sitodiplosis mosellana (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in spring wheat (Gramineae). Canadian Entomologist 132, 591–605.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loxdale, H.D. & Lushai, G. (2003) Maintenance of aphid clonal lineages: images of mortality. Genetics and Evolution 3, 259–269.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lushai, G., Markovitch, O. & Loxdale, H.D. (2002) Host-based genotype variation in insects revisited. Bulletin of Entomological Research 92, 159–164.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
MacKay, P.A. & Lamb, R.J. (1988) Genetic variation in asexual populations of two aphids in the genus Acyrthosiphon, from an Australian lucerne field. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 48, 117–125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacKay, P.A. & Lamb, R.J. (1996) Dispersal of five aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) in relation to their impact on Hordeum vulgare. Environmental Entomology 25, 1032–1044.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacKay, P.A., Lamb, R.J. & Smith, M.A.H. (1993) Variability in life history traits of the aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), from sexual and asexual populations. Oecologia 94, 330–338.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Migui, S.M. & Lamb, R.J. (2003) Patterns of resistance to three aphid species among wheats in the genus Triticum (Poaceae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 93, 323–333.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Migui, S.M. & Lamb, R.J. (2004) Seedling and adult plant resistance to Sitobion avenae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Triticum monococcum (Poaceae), an ancestor of wheat. Bulletin of Entomological Research 94, 35–46.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Porter, D.R., Burd, J.D., Shufran, K.A., Webster, J.A. & Teetes, G.L. (1997) Greenbug (Homoptera: Aphididae) biotypes: selected by resistant cultivars or preadapted opportunists. Journal of Economic Entomology 90, 1055–1065.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sandström, J. (1996) Temporal changes in host adaptation in the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum. Ecological Entomology 21, 56–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SAS Institute Inc. (1989) SAS/STAT User's Guide 4th 1686 Cary, North Carolina, USA SAS Institute Inc.Google Scholar
Shufran, K.A., Black, W.C., Margolies IV, D.C. (1991) DNA fingerprinting to study spatial and temporal distributions of an aphid, Schizaphis graminum (Homoptera: Aphididae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 81, 303–313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simon, J.-C., Dedreyver, C.A., Pierre, J.S., Tanguy, S. & Wegorek, P. (1991) The influence of clone and morph on the parameters of intrinsic rate of increase in the cereal aphids Sitobion avenae and Rhopalosiphum padi. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 58, 211–220.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simon, J.-C., Carrel, E., Hebert, P.D.N., Dedreyver, C.A., Bonhomee, J., Le Gallic, J.-F. (1996) Genetic diversity and mode of reproduction in French populations of the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi L. Heredity 76, 305–313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simon, J.-P., Parent, M.-A., Auclair, J.-L. (1982) Isozyme analysis of biotypes and field populations of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 32, 186–192.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steel, R.D.G. & Torrie, J.H. (1960) Principles and procedures of statistics. New York, McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Steiner, W.W.M., Voegtlin, D.J. & Irwin, M.E. (1985) Genetic differentiation and its bearing on migration in North American populations of the corn leaf aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch) (Homoptera: Aphididae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 78, 518–525.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sunnucks, P., Chisholm, D., Turak, E. & Hales, D.F. (1998) Evolution of an ecological trait in parthenogenetic Sitobion aphids. Heredity 81, 638–647.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Suomalainen, E., Saura, A., Lokki, J. & Teeri, T. (1980) Genetic polymorphism and evolution in parthenogenetic animals. Part 9: Absence of variation within parthenogenetic aphid clones. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 57, 129–132.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tottman, D.R. & Makepeace, R.J. (1979) An explanation of the decimal code for the growth stages of cereals, with illustrations. Annals of Applied Biology 93, 221–234.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tomiuk, J. & Wohrmann, K. (1982) Comments on the genetic stability of aphid clones. Experientia 38, 320–321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Emden, H.F. (1988) The peach–potato aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) – more than a decade on a fully-defined chemical diet. Entomologist 107, 4–10.Google Scholar
Via, S. (1991) The genetic structure of host plant adaptation in a spatial patchwork: demographic variability among reciprocally transplanted pea aphid clones. Evolution 45, 827–852.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weber, G. (1985a) On the ecological genetics of Sitobion avenae (F.) (Hemiptera, Aphididae). Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 100, 100–110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weber, G. (1985b) On the ecological genetics of Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) (Hemiptera, Aphididae). Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 100, 451–458.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilhoit, L.R. & Mittler, T.E. (1991) Biotypes and clonal variation in greenbug (Homoptera: Aphididae) populations from a locality in California. Environmental Entomology 20, 757–767.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wool, D. & Hales, D. (1996) Components of variation of morphological characters in Australian Aphis gossypii: host plant effects predominate. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 80, 166–168CrossRefGoogle Scholar