Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T18:21:55.155Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Insect chemosterilants: a review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

D. G. Campion
D. G. Campion
Affiliation:
Centre for Overseas Pest Research, College House, Wrights Lane, London W8 5SJ
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

In this paper the present status of insect chemosterilants is reviewed. Chemosterilants may be categorised into eight main chemical groups. Practical control measures involving the use of chemosterilants are discussed, also the persistence of these substances when applied to the insect. The gross effects of chemosterilants on insect reproductive systems and also the effects on egg develpment when female insects are mated to chemosterilised males are described, including dominant lethality, reciprocal translocation, enzyme inhibition and sperm inactivation. The possibilities of recovery of fertility and insect resistance to the sterilising effects of chemosterilants are discussed. Endocrine misfunction and chemosterilant action are related. The only practical chemosterilants as control agents are the aziridines although mutagenic hazards associated with these substances preclude their widespread usage. The sterilising activity of certain insect hormone analogues and related substances encourages the belief that safe insect specific sterilising agents can be found.

Type
Review Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 61 , Issue 4 , June 1972 , pp. 577 - 635
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1972

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abasa, R. O. (1968). An apholate-resistant strain of the house fly Musca domestica. II Ovarian growth and oögenesis.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 61, 1351–1354.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Abasa, R. O. & Hansens, E. H. (1969). An apholate-resistant strain of house flies. I Resistance to other chemosterilants and to insecticides.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 334–338.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Abdel-Malek, A. A. & Kevan, D. K. McE. (1961). Inhibited oviposition by females of Gryllus assimilis (F.) induced by radioactive males using L-methionine-methyl-14C.—Nature, Lond. 192, 681–682.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adkisson, P. L. & Wellso, S. G. (1962). Effect of DDT poisoning on the longevity and fecundity of the pink bollworm.—J. econ. Ent. 55, 842–845.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Akov, S. (1965). Inhibition of blood digestion and oocyte growth in Aedes aegypti by 5-fluorouracil.—Biol. Bull. mar. biol. Lab. Woods Hole 129, 439–453.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Akov, S. (1966). Retention of the blood-meal in Aedes aegypti following sterilization by chemicals and irradiation.—Ann. trop. Med. Parasit. 60, 482–494.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Akov, S. (1967). Effect of folic acid antagonists on larval development and egg production in Aedes aegypti.—J. Insect Physiol. 13, 913–923.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Alexander, P. (1960). Radiation-imitating chemicals.—Scient. Am. 202 (1), 99–108.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Altman, R. M. (1963). The effects of tepa on Plasmodium gallinaceum in Aedes aegypti.—Am. J. Hyg. 77, 221–227.Google ScholarPubMed
ANON (1965). Sex attractant studies in Diparopsis.—Pest Artic. News Summ. (PANS) Sect. A 11, 212–214.Google Scholar
Ascher, K. R. S. (1957). Prevention of oviposition in the housefly through tarsal contact agents.—Science, N.Y. 125, 938–939.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ascher, K. R. S. (1964). A review of chemosterilants and oviposition-inhibitors in insects.—Wld Rev. Pest Control 3, 7–27.Google Scholar
Ascher, K. R. S. (1965). Oviposition inhibiting agents: a screening for simple model substances.—Int. Pest Control 7 (1), 8–11.Google Scholar
Ascher, K. R. S. (1967). Essay review. Insect chemosterilants by A. B. Bořkovec.—Wld Rev. Pest Control 6, 90–95.Google Scholar
Ascher, K. R. S. (1969). Insect pest control by chemosterilization and other advanced methods (antifeedants, microbial pesticides etc.). (Third generation insecticides—Magdeburg 1966 to Milan 1969).—3ème Congrès International des Antiparasitaires, Milan, 1969, 77–98.Google Scholar
Ascher, K. R. S. & Avdat, N. (1966). Sterilising the male housefly with m-xylohydroquinone.—Int. Pest Control 8 (6), 16–25.Google Scholar
Ascher, K. R. S. & Avdat, N. (1967). Sterilising the male housefly with m-xylohydroquinone, Part 2.—Int. Pest Control 9 (2), 8–13.Google Scholar
Ascher, K. R. S. & Cwilich, R. (1960). Laboratory evaluation of acaricides against Tetranychus telarius L on sugar beet and on beans.—Ktavim 10, 159–163.Google Scholar
Ascher, K. R. S. & Cwilich, R. (1961). Acaricidal properties of di-(p-chlorophenyl)-trifluoromethylcarbinol.—Nature, Lond. 191, 1322–1323.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ascher, K. R. S. & Hirsch, I. (1961). Inhibition of oviposition in the housefly by ingestion of acaricides (ovicides).—Riv. Malar. 40, 139–145.Google Scholar
Ascher, K. R. S. & Hirsch, I. (1963). The effect of m-xylohydroquinone on oviposition in the housefly.—Entomologia exp. appl. 6, 337–338.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ascher, K. R. S. & Moscowitz, J. (1968). Fentins (triphenyltins) have an anti-feedant effect for housefly larvae.—Int. Pest Control 10 (3), 10–13.Google Scholar
Ascher, K. R. S. & Nissim, S. (1964). Organotin compounds and their potential use in insect control.—Wld Rev. Pest Control 3, 188–211.Google Scholar
Ascher, K. R. S. & Nissim, S. (1965). Quantitative aspects of antifeeding: comparing “antifeedants” by assay with P. litura.—Int. Pest Control 7 (4), 21–24.Google Scholar
Ascher, K. R. S., Meisner, J. & Nissim, S. (1968). The effect of fentins on the fertility of the male housefly.—Wld Rev. Pest Control 7, 84–96.Google Scholar
Auerbach, C. & Robson, J. M. (1947a). The production of mutations by chemical substances.—Proc. R. Soc. Edinb. B. 62, 271–283.Google ScholarPubMed
Auerbach, C. & Robson, J. M. (1947b). Tests of chemical substances for mutagenic action.—Proc. R. Soc. Edinb. B. 62, 284–291.Google ScholarPubMed
Azarian, G. H., Babayan, S. A., Mkrtumian, K. L., Meklonian, T. M. & Kropatcheva, A. A. (1968). Some results of chemical sterilant tests with some injurious species of Lepidoptera in the Armenian SSR.—13th Int. Congr. Ent. Abstracts of papers. Moscow 1968. 19.Google Scholar
Babers, F. H., Mitlin, N. & Shortino, T. J. (1956). The fate of radiophosphorous ingested by houseflies and german cockroaches.—J. econ. Ent. 49, 820–822.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bacq, Z. M. & Alexander, P. (1955). Fundamentals of radiobiology.—389 pp. London, Butterworths.Google Scholar
Badmin, J. S. (1971). Chemosterilant effects on the larval post-embryonic development of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.). In Sterility principle for insect control or eradication. Proceedings of a symposium.Jointly organized by the IAEA and FAO and held in Athens14–18 September, 1970.Vienna, IAEA (Proceedings Series STI/PUB/265), 229–240.Google Scholar
Baker, B. R. & Ho, B. T. (1965). Analogues of tetrahydrofolic acid. XXX. Inhibition of dihydrofolic reductase by some 6-substituted 2,4-diamino-s-triazines (1,2).—J. heterocycl. Chem. 2, 340–343.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barlow, F. & Turner, C. R. (1967). The residual properties of some chemosterilants.—Pest Artic. News Summ. (PANS) Sect. A, 13, 77–81.Google Scholar
Barnes, J. M. (1964). A symposium on chemosterilants in pest and vector control. III. Toxic hazards and the use of insect chemosterilants.—Trans. R. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg. 58, 327–332.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barnes, J. R., Fellig, J. & Mitrovic, M. (1969). The chemosterilant effect of anthramycin methyl ether in Drosophila melanogaster.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 902–904.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bauer, H. (1967). Die kinetische Organisation der Lepidopteren-Chromosomen.—Chromosoma 22, 101–125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beavers, J. B., Hampton, R. B., Toba, H. H. & Moreno, D. S. (1971). Some effects of gamma irradiation or the cheinosterilant, tepa, on the citrus red mite and its progeny.—J. econ. Ent. 64, 72–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benkwith, K. B. jr., & Graves, J. B. (1970). Evaluation of selected chemosterilants against the tobacco budworm.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 984–986.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bennett-Řežábová, B. & Turner, R. B. (1970). Effect of chemosterilants in vivo and in vitro on respiration of ovarian mitrochondria of the house fly Musca domestica L.—Acta ent. bohemoslov. 67, 65–69.Google Scholar
Benschoter, C. A. (1966). Reserpine as a sterilant for the Mexican fruit fly.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 333–334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benschoter, C. A. (1967). Effect of dietary biotin on reproduction of the housefly.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 1326–1328.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berkoff, C. E. (1969). The chemistry and biochemistry of insect hormones.—Q. Rev. chem. Soc. 23, 372–391.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beroza, M. & LaBrecque, G. C. (1967). Chemosterilant activity of oils, especially of Sterculia foetida, in the house fly.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 196–199.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bertram, D. S. (1963). Observations on the chemosterilant effect of an alkylating agent thio-tepa, on wild-caught Anopheles gambiae var. melas (Theo.) in Gambia, West Africa and on laboratory-bred A. g. gambiae Giles and Aedes aegypti (L.).—Trans. R. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg. 57, 322–335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bertram, D. S. (1964). A symposium on chemosterilants in pest and vector control. I. Entomological and parasitological aspects of vector chemosterilisation.—Trans. R. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg. 58, 296–317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bertram, D. S., Srivastava, S. C. & Msangi, A. S. (1964). Transmission of Plasmodium gallinaceum Brumpt to chicks by Aedes aegypti (L.) sterilised by an alkylating agent thiotepa.—J. trop. Med. Hyg. 67, 51–57.Google ScholarPubMed
Bhalla, O. P. & Robinson, A. G. (1966). Effect of three chemosterilants on the pea aphid fed on an artificial diet.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 378–379.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhalla, O. P. & Robinson, A. G. (1968). Effects of chemosterilants and growth regulators on the pea aphid fed an artificial diet.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 552–555.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhanu, D. (1961). Modification in the fecundity and life span of the moth Corcyra cephalonica Staint. receiving dietary antibiotics in the larval stages.—Experientia 17, 468.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhattacharya, S. (1949). Tests for a possible action of ethylene glycol on the chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster.—Proc. R. Soc. Edinb. B. 63, 242–248.Google Scholar
Bing, T. (1965). A preliminary observation on the mechanism of sterilization of the houseflies (Musca vicina Macquart) treated with thio-tepa.—Acta ent. sin. 14, 250–256.Google Scholar
Björklund, A., Falck, B. & Klemm, N. (1970). Microspectrofluorimetric and chemical investigation of catecholamine containing structures in the thoracic ganglia of Trichoptera.—J. Insect Physiol. 16, 1147–1154.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bonnemaison, L (1966a). Essais de substances chimiostérilisantes I. Action sur divers Homoptéres et Coléoptéres.—Phytiat.-Phytopharm. 15, 59–74.Google Scholar
Bonnemaison, L. (1966b). Essais de substances chimiostérilisantes. II Action sur divers Lépidoptères.—Phytiat.-Phytopharm. 15, 79–92.Google Scholar
Bonnemaison, L. (1968). Action stérilisante du tépa et du DMSO sur divers insectes.—Phytiat.-Phytopharm. 17, 105–118.Google Scholar
Bonnemaison, L. (1969). Essais de chimiostérilisants sur quelqucs Homoptères, Co1éoptères et Lépidoptères.—3ème Congrès International des Antiparasitaires, Milan, 1969, 189–197.Google Scholar
Bořkovec, A. B. (1966). Insect chemosterilants.—Adv. Pest Control Res. 7, 143 pp.Google ScholarPubMed
Bořkovec, A. B. (1969 a). Chemosterilants in pest control.—Atti Accad. naz. Lincei 1969, no. 128, 249–253.Google Scholar
Bořkovec, A. B. (1969 b). Alkylating agents as insect chemosterilants.—Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 163, 860–868.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bořkovec, A. B. & DeMilo, A. B. (1967). Insect chemosterilants. V. Derivatives of melamine.—J. mednl Chem. 10, 457–461.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bořkovec, A. B. & Terry, P. H. (1965). Diamino and triamino s-triazines as chemosterilants for insects.—3 pp. U.S. patent 3 189 521.Google Scholar
Bořkovec, A. B. & Woods, C. W. (1965). Insect chemosterilants. II. n-carbamoylaziridines.—J. mednl Chem. 8, 545–547.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bořkovec, A. B., Chang, S. C. & Limburg, A. M. (1964). Effect of pH on sterilizing activity of tepa and metepa in male house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 57, 815–817.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bořkovec, A. B., Fye, R. L. & LaBrecque, G. C. (1968). Aziridinyl chemosterilants for house flies.—U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv. Publ. no. ARS 33–129, 60 pp.Google Scholar
Bořkovec, A. B., LaBrecque, G. C. & DeMilo, A. B. (1967). s-triazine herbicides as chemosterilants of house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 893–894.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bořkovec, A. B., Nagasawa, S. & Shinohara, H. (1968). Sterilization of the azuki bean weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis, by metepa and hempa.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 695–698.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bořkovec, A. B., Nagasawa, S., Nakayama, I. & Terry, P. H. (1968). Sterilization of Callosobruchus chinensis by hexamethylphosphorothioic triamide.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 1295–1298.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bořkovec, A. B., Settepani, J. A., LaBrecque, G. C. & Fye, R. L. (1969). Boron compounds as chemosterilants for house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 1472–1480.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bořkovec, A. B., Woods, C. W. & Brown, R. T. (1966). Insect chemosterilants. III. 1-aziridinyl phosphine oxides.—J. mednl Chem. 9, 522–526.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boush, G. M., Dunkel, F. V. & Burkholder, W. (1968). Progeny suppression of Attagenus megatoma and Trogoderma parabile by dietary factors.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 644–646.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bowman, M. C. & Beroza, M. (1966). Gas chromatographic determination of trace amounts of the insect chemosterilants tepa, metepa, methiotepa, hempa and apholate and the analysis of tepa in insect tissue.—J. Ass. offic. agric. Chem. 49, 1046–1052.Google Scholar
Brader-Breukel, L. M. (1970). Lutte contre Diparopsis watersi (Roths.) et Heliothis armigera (Hb.) Attraction sexuelle et chimiostérilisation.—Coton Fibr. trop. 25, 505–508.Google Scholar
Bransby-Williams, W. R. (1971a). Juvenile hormone activity of ethylfarnesoate dihydro chloride with the cotton stainer Dysdercus cardinalis.—Bull. ent Res. 61, 41–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bransby-Williams, W. R. (1971b). A field release of male Culex pipiens fatigans sterilised by apholate.—E. Afr. med. J. 48, 68–75.Google ScholarPubMed
Buckley, S. M., Stock, C. C., Parker, R. P., Crossley, M. L., Kush, E. & Seeger, D. R. (1951). Inhibition studies of some phosphoramides against sarcoma 180.—Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med. 78, 299–305.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bulyginskaya, M. A. (1965). On the control of some injurious Lepidoptera by means of sexual chemical sterilization.—Ent. Obozr. 44, 738–749.Google Scholar
Bulyginskaya, M. A. & Gruzova, M. N. (1968). Chemical sterilization as a pest control method.—13th Int. Congr. Ent. Abstracts of papers. Moscow. 1968. 41.Google Scholar
Bulyginskaya, M. A., Ivanova, T. V. & Tshugunova, G. D. (1967). The effect of cytostatic substances upon gonads of some Lepidoptera.—Ent. Obozr. 46, 569–582.Google Scholar
Burden, G. S. & Smittle, B. J. (1963). Chemosterilant studies with the german cockroach.—Fla Ent. 46, 229–234.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bushland, R. C. & Hopkins, D. E. (1951). Experiments with screw-worm flies sterilised by X-rays.—J. econ. Ent. 44, 725–731.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Butt, B. A., Hathaway, D. O., White, L. D. & Howell, J. F. (1970). Field releases of codling moths sterilized by tepa or by gamma irradiation 1964–67.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 912–915.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Butygin, V. A. & Vyatchannikov, K. A. (1969). Effect of repeated injection of small doses of sevin on serotonin content of rat blood, brain and enterochromaffin cells of duodenum.—Zdravookhr. Belorussii 15 (4), 44–47 (Chem. Abs. 71, 100807c, 1969).Google Scholar
Býrdy, S., Ejmocki, Z. & Eckstein, Z. (1965). Organotin compounds as insect chemosterilants. Evaluation of the activity of some triphenyl tin derivatives on the Col orado beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say) and housefly (Musca domestica L.).—Bull. Acad. pol. Sci. Sér. Sci. chim. 13, 683–686.Google Scholar
Býrdy, S., Ejmockj, Z. & Eckstein, Z. (1970). Insect chernosterilising activity and chemical structure of some organotin derivatives.—Bull. Acad. pol. Sci. Cl. II Sér. Sci. biol. 18, 15–19.Google ScholarPubMed
Campion, D. G. (1965). The present status of research on chemosterilants in the United States and Central America for the control of insect pests.—Pest Artic. News Summ. (PANS) Sect. A. 11, 467–491.Google Scholar
Campion, D. G. (1967a). Chemosterilization of the red bollworm (Diparopsis castanea Hmps.) by mutagenic agents.—Nature, Lond. 214, 1031–1032.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Campion, D. G. (1967b). The sterilisation of Lepidopterous pests by radiation and chemosterilants.—Pest Artic. News Summ. (PANS) Sect. A 13, 392–405.Google Scholar
Campion, D. G. (1968 a). The chemosterilization of the red bollworm Diparopsis casranea Hmps. Lepidoptera: Noctuidae.—13rh Int. Congr. Ent. Abstracts of papers. Moscow 1968. 45.Google Scholar
Campion, D. G. (1968 b). The formation of a rudimentary spermatophore by the red bollworm.—Trop. Sci. 10, 233–236.Google Scholar
Campion, D. G. (1969). Factors affecting the use of a chemosterilising bait-station for control of the red bollworm Diparopsis castanea (Hmps.).—Pest Artic. News Summ. (PANS) 15, 535–541.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campion, D. G. (1970). Chemosterilization of the red bollworm Diparopsis castanea. A survey of fifteen compounds applied to adult moths.—Cott. Grow. Rev. 47, 135–140.Google Scholar
Campion, D. G. (1971). Chemosterilization of the red bollworm Diparopsis castanea Hmps. Effects of certain s-triazines and a carbamate insecticide.—Bull. ent. Res. 61, 351–355.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campion, D. G. & Critchley, B. R. (1972). Interference of growth and reproduction as a means of controlling insect pests of cotton.—Cott. Grow. Rev. 49, 179–186.Google Scholar
Campion, D. G. & Lewis, C. T. (1971). Studies of competitiveness, chemosterilant persistance and sperm structure in treated red bollworm Diparopsis castanea (Hmps.). In Sterility principle for insect control or eradication. Proceedings of a symposium.Jointly organized by the IAEA and FAO and held in Athens14–18 September, 1970.Vienna, IAEA. (Proceedings series STI/PUB/265) 183–202.Google Scholar
Campion, D. G. & Outram, I. (1967). Factors affecting male probing activity of the red bollworm, Diparopsis castanea (Hmps.) in relation to sterility induced by tris (laziridinyl) phosphine oxide (tepa).—Ann. appl. Biol. 60, 191–198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campion, D. G. & Outram, I. (1968). Insecticidal and possible chemosterilant effects of certain organo-metal compounds against red bollworm.—Int. Pest. Control 10, 21–24.Google Scholar
Cantwell, G. E. & Henneberry, T. J. (1963). The effects of gamma radiation and apholate on the reproductive tissues of Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen).—J. Insect Path. 5, 251–264.Google Scholar
Carcavallo, R. U. & Carabajal, C. A. (1971). Efectos del tepa en tres especies de Triatominae. In Sterility principle for insect control or eradication. Proceedings of a symposium.Jointly organized by the IAEA and FAO and held in Athens14–18 September, 1970.Vienna, IAEA (Proceedings Series STI/PUB/265), 247–252.Google Scholar
Carlisle, D. B. & Ellis, P. E. (1967). Abnormalities of growth and metamorphosis in some Pyrrhocorid bugs: the paper factor.—Bull. ent. Res. 57, 405–417.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carlisle, D. B., Ellis, P. E. & McVeigh, L. J. (1968). (2-chloroethyl)-trimethylammonium chloride inhibits gametogenesis in locusts.—Nature, Lond. 220, 189–190.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carrillo, J. L., Ortega, A. & Rodriguez, J. (1963/4). Effecto esterilizante de las radiaciones gamma y del compuesto ‘apholate’ sobre la conchuela del frijol.—Agricultura téc. Méx. 2, 168–175.Google Scholar
Chadwick, P. R. (1964). Effect of two chemosterilants on Glossina morsitans.—Nature, Lond. 204, 299–300CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chamberlain, W. F. (1962). Chemical sterilization of the screw-worm.—J. econ. Ent. 55, 240–248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chamberlain, W. F. & Barrett, C. C. (1964). A comparison of the amounts of metepa required to sterilize the screw-worm fly and the stable fly.—J. econ. Ent. 57, 267–269.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chamberlain, W. F. & Barrett, C. C. (1968). Incorporation of tritiated thymidine into the ovarian DNA of stable flies: effects of treatment with apholate.—Nature, Lond. 218, 471–472.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chamberlain, W. F. & Hamilton, E. W. (1964). Absorption, excretion and metabolism of P32-labelled metepa by screw-worm and stable flies.—J. econ. Ent. 57, 800–803.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chamberlain, W. F. & Hopkins, D. E. (1960). Effect of colchicine on screw-worms.—J. econ. Ent. 53, 1133–1134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chang, J. T-P. & Chiang, Y. C. (1963). Studies on insect chemosterilants. II. Thio-tepa as a chemosterilant for army-worm moth (Pseudaletia separata Walker Noctuidae).—Acta ent. sin. 12, 538–542.Google Scholar
Chang, J. T-P. & Chiang, Y. C. (1964). Studies on insect chemosterilants. III. The sterilizing effect of thio-tepa on the common housefly Musca domestica vicina Macq.—Acta ent. sin. 13, 679–688.Google Scholar
Chang, J. T-P., Tsao, T. P. & Chiang, Y. C. (1963). Studies on insect chemosterilants. I. Screen tests of 35 chemicals as insect chemosterilants.—Acta ent. sin. 12, 394–401.Google Scholar
Chang, S. C. (1965a). Improved bioassay method for evaluating the potency of chemosterilants against house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 796.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chang, S. C. (1965b). Chemosterilization and mating behavior of male house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 669–672.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chang, S. C. & Bořkovec, A. B. (1964). Quantitative effects of tepa, metepa and apholate on sterilization of male house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 57, 488–490.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chang, S. C. & Bořkovec, A. B. (1966a). Determination of tepa residues on chemosterilized Mexican fruit flies.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 102–104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chang, S. C. & Bořkovec, A. B. (1966b). Structure-activity relationship in analogs of tepa and hempa.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 1359–1362.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chang, S. C. & Bořkovec, A. B. (1969). Comparative metabolism of 14C-labelled hempa by house flies susceptible or resistant to isolan.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 1417–1421.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chang, S. C., Bořkovec, A. B. & Woods, C. W. (1966). Fate of tepa uniformly labelled C14 in male house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 937–944.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chang, S. C., Terry, P. H. & Bořkovec, A. B. (1964). Insect chemosterilants with low toxicity for mammals.—Science, N.Y. 144, 57–58.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chang, S. C., Terry, P. H., Woods, C. W. & Bořkovec, A. B. (1967). Metabolism of hempa uniformly labeled with C14 in male house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 1623–1631.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chang, S. C., Woods, C. W. & Bořkovec, A. B. (1970). Sterilizing activity of bis(l-aziridinyl)phosphine oxides and sulfides in male house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 1744–1746.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chang, S. C., De Milo, A. B., Woods, C. W. & Bořkovec, A. B. (1968). Metabolism of C14-labeled hemel in male house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 1357–1365.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chaudhury, M. F. B. & Raun, E. S. (1966). Spermatogenesis and testicular development of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Pyraustidae).—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 59, 1157–1159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, A. M. (1959). Mutagenic activity of the alkaloid heliotrine in Drosophila.—Nature, Lond. 183, 731–732.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clark, A. M. (1960). The mutagenic activity of some pyrrolizidine alkaloids in Drosophila.—Z. VererbLehre 91, 74–80.Google ScholarPubMed
Clark, K. U. & Langley, P. A. (1963). Effect of the removal of the frontal ganglion on the development of the gonads in Locusta migratoria, L.—Nature, Lond. 198, 811–812.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cline, R. E. (1968). Evaluation of chemosterilant damage to the testes of the housefly Musca domestica by microscopic observation and by measurement of the uptake of 14C-compounds.—J. Insect Physiol. 14, 945–953.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coaker, T. H. & Smith, J. L. (1970). Sterilisation of the cabbage root fly (Erioischia brassicae (Bch.) Dipt., Anthomyiidae) with tepa: laboratory and field cage tests.—Bull. ent. Res. 60, 53–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collier, C. W. & Downey, J. E. (1965). Laboratory evaluation of certain chemosterilants against the gypsy moth.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 649–651.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collier, C. W. & Downey, J. E. (1967). Laboratory and field evaluations of chemosterilants for the gypsy moth in 1964, 1965.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 265–268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Combiesco, I., Duport, M. & Enesco, A. (1967). Stérilisation de l'espèce Musca domestica L. par traitement avec divers produits chimiques. Note I. Recherches de laboratoire.—Archs roum. Path. exp. Microbiol. 26, 205–214.Google Scholar
Combiesco, I., Duport, M. & Enesco, A. (1969). Études sur la stérilisation de l'espèce Musca domestica L. avec divers chimiostérilisants.—3ème Congrès International des Antiparasitaires, Milan 1969, 227–234.Google Scholar
Combiesco, I., Enesco, A. & Tîcu, V. (1967). Étude do l'action des chémostérilisantes thiotepa et apholate sur le développement des ovaires de l'espèce Musca domestica L. Note 1I.—Archs roum. Path. exp. Microbiol. 26, 215–228.Google Scholar
Coulon, J. & Daftari, A. (1969). Étude de l'action stérilisante du 4 chlorophenyl, 2,4,5 trichiorophenyl azosulfure appliqué aux femelles de Tetranychus urticae. Importance de cette action selon le stade traité.—3ème Congrès International des Antiparasitaires, Milan, 1969, 215–225.Google Scholar
Cox, H. C., Young, J. R. & Bowman, M. C. (1967). Persistence of tepa in fall armyworm moths.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 1111–1115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Craig, G. B. jr. & Fuchs, M. (1969). Sterilization of female mosquitoes with a hormone derived from male mosquitoes.—4 pp. U.s. patent 3,450,816.Google Scholar
Cram, W. T. (1967). Reversible sterility in the parthenogenetic black vine weevil when fed untreated foliage interposed with apholate-treated foliage.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 885–886.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Creighton, C. S., Cuthbert, E. R. jr. & Reid, W. J. jr. (1966). Fecundity of and hatch of eggs from banded cucumber beetles treated with three aziridines: preliminary tests.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 163–165.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cressman, A. W. (1963). Response of citrus red mite to chemical sterilants.—J. econ. Ent. 56, 111–112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Critchley, B. R. & Campion, D. G. (1971). Effects of a juvenile hormone analogue on growth and reproduction in the cotton stainer Dysdercus fasciatus Say.—Bull. ent. Res. 61, 49–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crystal, M. M. (1963). The induction of sexual sterility in the screw-worm fly by antimetabolites and alkylating agents.—J. econ. Ent. 56, 468–473.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crystal, M. M. (1964a). Insect fertility: inhibition by folic acid derivatives.—Science, N.Y. 144, 308–309.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crystal, M. M. (1964). Sexual sterilization of screw-worm flies by the biological alkylating agents tretamine and thiotepa.—Expl. Parasit. 15, 249–259.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crystal, M. M. (1965a). First efficient chemosterilants against screw-worm flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae).—J. Med. Ent. 2, 317–319.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crystal, M. M. (1965b). Sexual sterilization of insects by aerosol administration of alkylating agents.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 678–680.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crystal, M. M. (1966a). Sexual sterilization of screw-worm flies by peroral chemosterilant: quantitative aspects and relation to pretreatment starvation.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 580–585.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crystal, M. M. (1966b). Some structure-activity relationships among aziridinyl antifertility agents in screw-worm flies.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 577–580.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crystal, M. M. (1967a). Chemosterilant effect of tretamine enhanced in screw-worm flies exposed to extraoptimal temperatures.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 880–881.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crystal, M. M. (1967b). Chemical structure and sterilizing activity of N, N'-alkylenebis (1-aziridinecarboxamides) in screw-worm flies.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 1005–1007.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crystal, M. M. (1968a). Sexual sterilization of screw-worm flies by N, N'-tetramethylenebis (1-aziridine carboxamide). Influence of route of administration.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 134–139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crystal, M. M. (1968b). Sexual sterilization of screw-worm flies by orally administered l[bis(1-aziridinyl)phosphinyl]-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl) urea: effects of feeding times and concentrations of vehicle.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 140–142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crystal, M. M. (1968 c). Sulfonic acid esters as chemosterilants of screw-worm flies with particular reference to methanediol dimethanesulfonate.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 446–449.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crystal, M. M. (1969 a). Changes in susceptibility of screw-worm flies to the chemosterilant N,N'-tetramethylenebis (1-aziridinecarboxamide) with time of administration.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 275–276.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crystal, M. M. (1969 b). Sexual sterilization of screw-worm flies: reliability of the chemosterilant technique.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 136–139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crystal, M. M. (1970 a). Vanadium compounds as inhibitors of reproduction of the screw-worm fly.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 321–323.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crystal, M. M. (1970 b). Antifertility effects of inorganic iodine in screw-worm flies.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 1851–1853.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crystal, M. M. (1970 c). Dose-response curves for dominant lethal mutations induced in the sperm and oöcytes of screw-worm flies by N,N'-tetramethylenebis (1-aziridinecarboxa-mide).—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 63, 1369–1372.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crystal, M. M. (1970 d). Effects of delayed fertilization in screw-worm flies on induction of dominant lethal mutations by N,N'-tetramethylenebis (1-aziridinecarboxamide).—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 63, 71–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crystal, M. M. (1970 e). Thiosemicarbazones, a new category of antifertility compounds for screw-worm flies.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 491–492.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crystal, M. M. & Lachance, L. E. (1963). The modification of reproduction in insects treated with alkylating agents. I. Inhibition of ovarian growth and egg production and hatchability.—Biol. Bull. mar. biol. Lab., Woods Hole 125, 270–279.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
D'Alessandro, U., Brunosmiraglia, C. & Lavagnino, A. (1966). Saggi di chemosteriliz zazione con tepa su Anopheles labranchiae.—Riv. Malay. 45, 39–49.Google Scholar
D'Alessandro, G., Brunosmiraglia, C. & Lavagnino, A. (1969). Dimostrazione, attraverso I'impiego di maschi sterilizzati con tepa, che nelle femmine di Anopheles atroparvus di primo accoppiamento é l'unico valido ai fini della fecondazione.—3éme Congres International des Antiparasitaires, Milan. 1969, 235–241.Google Scholar
Dame, D. A. & Ford, H. R. (1964). Chemosterilization and its permanency in mosquitoes.—Nature, Lond. 201, 733–734.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dame, D. A. & Ford, H. R. (1966). Effect of the chemosterilant tepa on Glossina morsitans Westw.—Bull. ent. Res. 56, 649–658.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dame, D. A. & MacKenzie, P. K. I. (1968). Transmission of Trypanosoma congolense by chemosterilized male Glossina morsitans.—Ann. trop. Med. Parasit. 62, 372–374.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dame, D. A. & Schmidt, C. H. (1964). Uptake of metepa and its effect on two species of mosquitoes (Anopheles quadrimaculatus, Aedes aegypti) and house flies (Musca domestica).—J. econ. Ent. 57, 77–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dame, D. A. & Schmidt, C. H. (1970). The sterile-male technique against tsetse ifies, Glossina spp.—Bull. ent. Soc. Am. 16, 24–30.Google Scholar
Dame, D. A., Birkenmeyer, D. R. & Bursell, E. (1969). Development of the thoracic muscle and flight behaviour of Glossina morsitans orientalis Vanderplank.—Bull. ent. Res. 59, 345–350.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dame, D. A., Woodward, D. B. & Ford, H. R. (1964). Chemosterilization of Aedes aegypti (L.) by larval treatments.—Mosquito New 24, 1–6.Google Scholar
Dame, D. A., Woodward, D. B. & Weidhaas, D. E. (1964). Field behavior of sexually sterile Anopheles quadrimaculatus males.—Mosquito New 24, 6–14.Google Scholar
Das, M. (1967). Sterilization of Culex pipiens fatigans Wiedemann by apholate.—Bull. Wld Hith Org. 36, 949–954.Google ScholarPubMed
Davich, T. B., Keller, J. C., Mitchell, E. B., Huddleston, P., Hill, R., Lindquist, D. A., McKibben, U. & Cross, W. H. (1965). Preliminary field experiments with sterile males for eradication of the boll weevil.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 127–131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davich, T. B., Merkl, M. E., Mitchell, E. B., Hardee, D. D., Gast, R. T., McKibben, G. H. & Huddleston, P. A. (1967). Field experiments with sterile males for eradication of the boll weevil.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 1533–1538.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
David, J. (1964). Influence d'un inhibiteur de l'acide folique sur l'ovogénèse de la drosophile I. Etude de la fécondité du pourcentage d'éclosion de la taille des oeufs.—J. Insect Physiol. 10, 805–817.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, H. G. & Eddy, G. W. (1966). Some effects of chemosterilants on the little house fly.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 993–996.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Debolt, J. W. (1970). Dispensers for baiting traps equipped with blacklight lamps with synthetic pheromone of the female cabbage looper.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 141–144.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Demerec, M. & Fano, U. (1944). Frequency of dominant lethals induced by radiation in sperm of Drosophila melanogaster.—Genetics, Princeto. 29, 348–360.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
De Milo, A. B. & Bořkovec, A. B. (1968). Insect chemosterilants. VII. Oxidative degradation of hexamethylmelamine.—J. medni Chem. 11, 961–963.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Derbeneva-Uhova, V. P., Lineva, V. A. & Drobozina, V. P. (1966). The development of DDT-resistance in Musca domestica and Protophormia terraenovae.—Bull. Wld Hlth Org. 34, 939–952.Google ScholarPubMed
Downey, J. E. (1968). Effects of the chemosterilant hempa on gypsy moth metamorphosis.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 846.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Earle, N. W., Padovani, I., Thompson, M. J. & Robbins, W. E. (1970). Inhibition of larval development and egg production in the boll-weevil following ingestion of ecdysone analogues.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 1064–1069.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Economopoulos, A. P. (1971). Effects of tretamine on 4th- and 5th-instar Oncopeltus fasciatus nymphs. Development of eggs from tretamine-treated females. in Sterility principle for insect control or eradication. Proceedings of a symposium.Jointly organized by the IAEA and FAO and held in Athens14–18 September, 1970.Vienna, IAEA (Proceedings series STI/PUB/265), 259.–270.Google Scholar
Economopoulos, A. P. & Gordon, H. T. (1969). Action of certain chemosterilants on males of the large milkweed bug.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 1326–1330.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ehrhardt, P., Jayaraj, S. & Schmutterer, H. (1966). Die Wirkung verschiedener über die Pflanze zugeführter Antibiotica auf Entwicklung und Fertilität der Schwarzen Bohnenblattlaus (Aphis fabae).—Entomologia exp. appl. 9, 332–342.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
El-Dakroury, M. S. I. & MacCuaig, R. D. (1968). Fecundity and hatch of eggs from locusts treated with apholate and tepa.—Bull. Soc. ent. Egypt. 52, 457–466.Google Scholar
El-Ibrashy, M. T. (1970). Insect hormones and analogues: chemistry, biology and insecticidal potencies.—Z. angew. Ent. 66, 113–144.Google Scholar
Ellis, P. E., Morgan, E. D. & Woodbridge, A. P. (1970). Is there new hope for hormone mimics as pesticides?.—Pest Artic. News Summ. (PANS)16, 434–436.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Enesco, A. & Combiesco, I. (1969). Effets du thiotepa et de l'apholate incorporés aux aliments sur la longevité de Musca domestica.—3éme Congrés international des Antiparasitaires, Milan, 1969, 257.Google Scholar
Epstein, J., Rosanthal, R. W. & Ess, R. J. (1955). Use of γ (4-nitrobenzyl) pyridine as analytical reagent for ethylenimines and alkylating agents.—Analyt. Chem. 27, 1435–1439.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Epstein, S. S., Joshi, S. R., Arnold, E., Page, E. C. & Bishop, Y. (1970). Abnormal zygote development in mice after paternal exposure to a chemical mutagen.—Nature, Lond. 225, 1260–1261.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ezueh, M.I. & Hoopingarner, R. A. (1967). Apholate chemosterilization of the cereal leaf beetle.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 907–910.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fahmy, O. G. & Fahmy, M. J. (1954). Cytogenctic analysis of the action of carcinogens and tumour inhibitors in Drosophila melanogaster. IV. The mechanism of induction of dominant lethals by 2:4:6-tri(ethylene-imino)-1:3:5-triazine.—J. Genet. 52, 603–619.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fahmy, O. G. & Fahmy, M. J. (1955). Cytogenetic analysis of the action of carcinogens and tumour inhibitors in Drosophila melanogaster. IV. The cell stage during spermato genesis and the induction of intra- and intergenic mutations by 2:4:6-tri(ethylene-imino)-l:3:5-triazine.—J. Genet. 53, 563–584.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fahmy, O. G. & Fahmy, M. J. (1958). Discussion of paper “Mutagenic effects of alkylating agents” (by C. Auerbach).—Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 68, 736–748.Google Scholar
Fahmy, O. G. & Fahmy, M. J. (1961 a). Cytogenetic analysis of the action of carcinogens and tumour inhibitors in Drosophila melanogaster. IX. The cell stage response of the male germ line to the mesyloxy resins.—Genetics, Princeto. 46, 361–372.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fahmy, O. G. & Fahmy, M. J. (1961 b). Cytogenetic analysis of the action of carcinogens and tumour inhibitors in Drosophila melanogaser. XI. Mutagenic efficiency of the mesy loxy esters on the sperm in relation to molecular structure.—Genetics, Princeto. 46, 1111–1123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fahmy, O.O. & Fahmy, M. J. (1964). Mutagenesis in relation to genetic hazards in man.—Proc. R. Soc. Med. 57, 22–26.Google ScholarPubMed
Federley, H. (1943). Zytogenetische Untersuchungen an Mischlingen der Gattung Dicranura B (Lepidoptera).—Hereditas. 29, 205–254.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flint, H. M. & Kerssen, E. L. (1968). Gamma irradiation of the tobacco budworm: sterilization, competitiveness and observations on reproductive biology.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 477—483.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flint, H. M. & Ktessen, E. L. (1969). Transfer of sperm by irradiated Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and relationship to fecundity.—Can. Ent. 101, 500–507.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flint, H. M., Klassen, W., Kressin, E. & Norland, J. (1968 b). Chemosterilization of the tobacco budworm: a survey of 21 compounds applied topically.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 938–941.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flint, H. M., Klassen, W., Norland, J. F. & Kressin, E. L. (1968 b). Chemosterilization of the tobacco budworm: a survey of 16 compounds fed to adult moths.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 1726–1729.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fijita, T., Tsuji, H., Deura, H. & Nakajima, M. (1969). Insect sterilization activity of the l-methyl-l-nitroso-3-phenylurea derivatives.—Agric. Biol Chem. 33, 785–789.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fye, R. L. (1967). Screening of chemosterilants against house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 605–607.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fye, R. L. & Labrecque, G. C. (1966). Sexual acceptability of laboratory strains of male house flies in competition with wild strains.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 538–540.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fye, R. L. & Labrecque, G. C. (1967). Sterility in house flies offered a choice of untreated diets and diets treated with chemosterilants.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 1284–1286.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fye, R. L., Gouck, H. K. & Labrecque, G. C. (1965). Compounds causing sterility in adult house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 446–448.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fye, R. L., Labrecque, G. C., Bořkovec, A. B. & Morgan, J. jr. (1969). Compounds affecting fertility of adult house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 522–524.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fye, R. L., Labrecque, G.C. & Gouck, H. K. (1966). Screening tests of chemicals for sterilization of adult house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 485–487.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fye, R. L., Labrecque, G. C., Morgan, P. B. & Bowman, M. C. (1968). Development of an autosterilization technique for the house fly.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 1578–1581.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fytizas, E. (1968). Action de l'actidione (cycloheximide) sur les adultes de Dacus oleae Gmel. (Diptera: Tephritidae).—Annls γpiphyt. 19, 261–265.Google Scholar
Fytizas, E. (1969). Inhibition du ddveloppement larvaire de la descendance de Dacus oleae (Gmel.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) par la Streptomycine incorporée à la nourriture d'adultes. I. Doses de streptomycine efficaces pour l'inhibition.—Z. angew. Ent. 62, 268–271.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fytizas, E. (1971). La chiniiostérilisation des adultes de Dacus oleae (Gmelin) per le tepa. Différences entre les deux sexes. In Sterility principle for insect control or eradication. Proceedings of a symposium.Jointly organized by the IAEA and FAO and held in Athens14–18 September, 1970.Vienna, IAEA (Proceedings Series STI/ PUB/265), 241–246.Google Scholar
Fytizas, E. & Bacoyannis, A. (1968 a). Action de Ia resérpine sur l'oviposition de Dacus oleae Gmel.—Annals Épiphyt. 19, 623–628.Google Scholar
Fytizas, E. & Bacoyannis, A. (1968 b). Action du tepa sur le developpement nymphal de Dacus oleae Gmel. (Diptera: Tephritidae). In Isotopes and radiation in entomology. Proceedings of a symposium on the use of isotopes and radiation in entomology.Jointly organized by the International Atomic Energy Agency and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and held in Vienna4–8 December 1967.Vienna, IAEA (Proceedings Series STI/PUB/ 166), 209–215.Google Scholar
Fytizas, E. & Bacoyannis, A. (1969). Action stérilisante (temporaire et permanente) du tepa sur les males de Dacus oleae.—3ème Congrès Inlernational des Antiparasitaires, Milan, 1969, 273–282.Google Scholar
Gaines, T. B. & Kimbrough, R. D. (1964). Toxicity of metepa to rats.—Bull. Wld Hlth Org. 31, 737–745.Google ScholarPubMed
Gangrade, G. A. & Pant, N. C. (1970). Egg viability in Cadra cautella I. Effect of com petition between normal and apholate-sterilised males.—Pest Artic. News Summ. (PANS) 16, 370–372.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geering, Q. A., Brooker, P.J & Parsons, J. H. (1965). The chemosterilant activity of some substituted phenyl esters of aziridine-l-carboxylic acid.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 574–575.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
George, J. A. & Brown, A. W. A. (1967). Effect of the chemosterilant hempa on the yellow-fever mosquito and its liability to induce resistance.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 974–978.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Georghiotj, G. P. (1965). Effects of carbamates on house fly fecundity, longevity and food intake.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 58–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gilliland, F. R. jr. & Davich, T. B. (1966). Effects on egg hatch of alternate matings of female boll weevils with apholate-treated and untreated males.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 1209–1211.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gilliland, F. R. jr. & Davicn, T. B. (1968). Sexual competitiveness of male boll weevils sterilized with apholate unaffected by diet.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 852–853.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glancey, B. M. (1965). Hempa as a chemosterilant for the yellow-fever mosquito Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae).—Mosquito News 25, 392–396.Google Scholar
Goldacre, R. J., Loveless, A. & Ross, W. C. J. (1949). Mode of production of chromosome abnormalities by the nitrogen mustards: the possible role of cross-linking.—Nature, Lond. 163, 667–669.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goldsmith, E. D. & Frank, J. (1952). Sterility in the female fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster produced by feeding of a folic acid antagonist.—Am. J. Physiol. 171, 726–727.Google Scholar
Gómez-Núñez, J. L. (1971). Sterility and Chagas' disease vector control. In Sterility principle for insect control or eradication. Proceedings of a symposium.Jointly organized by the IAEA and FAO and held in Athens14–18 September, 1970.Vienna, IAEA (Proceedings Series STI/PUB/265), 157–170.Google Scholar
Gothilf, S. & Wattes, R. E. (1968). Inhibition of growth and increased mortality of Mexican bean beetle larvae fed with thiamine and pyridoxine antagonists and reversal of effect with vitamin supplementation.—Entomologia exp. appl. 11, 261–268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gouck, H. R. (1964). Chemosterilization of house flies by treatment in the pupal stage.—J. econ. Ent. 57, 239–241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gouck, H. R. & Labrecque, G. C. (1964). Chemicals affecting fertility in adult house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 57, 663–664.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gouck, H. K., Meifert, D. W. & Gahan, J. B. (1963). A field experiment with apholate as a chemosterilant for the control of house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 56, 445–446.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gouck, H. K., Crystal, M. M., Bořkovec, A. B. & Meifert, D. W. (1963). A comparison of techniques for screening chemosterilants of house flies and screw-worm flies.—J. econ Ent. 56, 506–509.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Graham, O. H. &. Drummond, R. O. (1964). Laboratory screening of insecticides for prevention of reproduction of Boophilus ticks.—J. econ. Ent. 57, 335–339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Graham, O. H. &. Drummond, R. O. & Diamant, G. (1964). The reproductive capacity of female Boophilus annulatus collected from cattle dipped in arsenic or coumaphos.—J. econ. Ent. 57, 409–410.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grant, G. G., Carmichael, A. G., Smith, C. N. & Brown, A. W. A (1970). Autochemo-sterilization of the southern house mosquito by means of a modified light trap.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 648–650.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grosch, D. S. (1963). Insect fecundity and fertility: chemically induced decrease.—Science, N.Y. 141, 732–733.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grosch, D. S. (1970). Reproductive performance of a Braconid after heptachlor poisoning.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 1348–1349.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grosch, D. S. & Valcovic, L. R. (1964). Genetic analysis of the effects of apholate.—Bull. eat. Soc. Am. 10, 163.Google Scholar
Grosch, D. S. & Valcovic, L. R. (1967). Chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides are not muta genic in Bracon hebetor tests.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 1177–1179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grover, K. K. & Pillai, M. K. K. (1969). Chemosterilization of Culex pipiens fatigans Wiedemann by exposure of aquatic stages. 2. Sterilization potential of certain phosphoramides and s-triazines.—Bull. Wid Hlth Org. 41, 929–936.Google ScholarPubMed
Grover, K. K. & Pillai, M. K. K. (1970). Mating ability and permanency of sterility in hempa-sterilized males of the yellow-fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti L.—J. mednl Ent. 7, 198–204.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gruner, L. (1966). Les chimiostérilisants des insectes.—Revue Zool. agric. appl. 65, 1–40.Google Scholar
Gruner, L. (1968). Contribution à l'étude de l'ovogènese d'un Dynastide, Phyllognarhus silenus F., essais préliniinaires de chimiostérilisation.—Annls Epiphyt. 19, 267–304.Google Scholar
Hafez, M., Aboul-Nasr, A. E. & Salama, H. S. (1969). Studies on the control of mosquitoes in Egypt by means of chemosterilants. 1. Chemosterilization of Anopheles pharoensis.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 233–234.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hafez, M., Aboul-Nasr, A. E. & Salama, H. S. (1970a). Studies on the control of mos quitoes in Egypt by means of chemosterilants. II. Chemosterilization of Culex pipiens by tepa and hempa.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 248–250.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hafez, M., Aboul-Nasr, A. E. & Salama, H. S. (1970 b). Studies on the control of mos quitoes in Egypt by means of chemosterilants. Iil. Sterilization of Anopheles pharoensis and Culex pipiens by metepa.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 1169–1172.Google Scholar
Hafez, M., Osman, M. F. & Erakey, M. A. S. (1970). Studies on control of house flies in Egypt by chemosterilants. III. Sterilization of Musca sorbens by apholate, tepa and hempa.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 1167–1169.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hafez, M., Osman, M. F., El-Ziany, S., El-Moursy, A. A. & Erakey, M. A. S. (1969). Studies on control of house flies in Egypt by chemosterilants 1. Laboratory studies on Musca domestica vicina.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 324–329.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hair, J. A. & Ankins, T. R. jr. (1964). Sterilization of the face fly Musca autumnalis with apholate and tepa.—J. econ. Ent. 57, 586–589.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hair, J. A. & Turner, E. C. jr. (1966). Susceptibility of mature and newly emerged face flies to chemosterilization with apholate.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 452–454.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamilton, E. W. & Sutter, G. R. (1969). Chemosterilizing southern corn rootworm beetles with apholate.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 1285–1288.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hampel, K. E. & Gerhartz, H. (1965). Strukturanomalien der Chromosomen menschlicher Leukozyten in vitro durch Triaethylenmelamin.—Expl. Cell Res. 37, 251–258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hansens, E. J. (1965). Effect of apholate on restricted populations of insecticide resistant houseflies, Musca domestica.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 944–946.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hansens, E. J. & Granett, P. (1965). Effects of apholate’ on a restricted population of house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 157–158.Google ScholarPubMed
Harding, J. A. (1967). Chemosterilization of male European corn borers by feeding of tepa and apholate to larvae.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 1631–1632.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harries, F. H. (1961). Effect of certain antibiotics and other compounds on the two-spotted spider mite.—J. econ. Ent. 54, 122–124.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hariues, F. H. (1963). Effects of some antibiotics and other compounds on fertility and mortality of orchard mites.—J. econ. Ent. 56, 438–441.Google Scholar
Harries, F. H. (1966). Reproduction and mortality of the two-spotted spider mite on fruit seedlings treated with chemicals.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 501–505.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harries, F. H. (1967). Fecundity and mortality of female coclling moth treated with novo biocin and other antibiotics.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 7–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harries, F. H. (1968). Further studies of effects of antibiotics and other compounds on fecundity and mortality of the two-spotted mite.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 12–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harries, F. H. & Mattson, V. J. (1963). Effects of some antibiotics on three aphid species.—J. econ. Ent. 56, 412–414.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harries, F. H. & Wiles, W. G. (1966). Tests of some antibiotics and other chemostea-ilants on the green peach aphid.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 694–696.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, R. L. (1962). Chemical induction of sterility in the stable fly.—J. econ. Ent. 55, 882–885.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, R. L. & Frazar, E. D. (1966). Chemosterilization of adult horn flies.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 1171–1173.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harwalkar, M. R., Khaire, S. N. & Rahalkar, G. W. (1971). Chemosterilization of potato tuberworm. I. Effect of metepa on the fertility of males.—J. econ. Ent. 64, 358–361.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hathaway, D. O., Butt, B. A. & Lydin, L. V. (1968). Sterilization of codling moth by aerosol treatment with tepa.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 322–323.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hathaway, D. O., Butt, B. A. & Lydin, L. V. (1970). Reduction of sexual aggressiveness of male codling moths treated with tepa or gamma irradiation.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 1881–1883.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hathaway, D. O., Lydin, L. V. & Butt, B. A. (1966). Effects of tepa on reproduction of codling moths.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 851–853.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayes, W. J. Jr. (1964). The toxicology of chemosterilants.—Bull. Wld Hlth Org. 31, 721–736.Google ScholarPubMed
Haynes, J. W., Hedin, P. A. & Davich, T. B. (1966). Hempa and apholate as chemosterilants for the boll weevil.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 1014–1015.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hays, S. B. (1965). Some effects of reserpine, a tranquilizer, on the house fly.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 782–783.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hays, S. B. (1968 a). Reproduction inhibition in house flies with triphenyl tin acetate and triphenyl tin chloride, alone and in combination with other compounds.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 1154–1157.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hays, S. B. (1968 b). Chemosterilizing activity and toxicity of p,p-bis(l-aziridinyl)-N-methyl-phosphinic amide and p, p-bis(l-aziridinyl)-N-(3-methoxypropyl)-phosphinothioic amide against the house fly.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 800–802.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hays, S. B. & Amerson, G. M. (1967). Reproductive control in the house fly with reserpine.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 781–783.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hays, S. B. & Cochran, J. H. (1964). Evaluation of compounds affecting the reproductive potential of the plum curculio.—J. econ. Ent. 57, 217–219.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hays, S. B., Hays, R. L. & Mims, I. S. (1969). Comparative effects of reserpine and serotonin creatine sulfate on oviposition in the house fly.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 62, 663–664.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hazard, B. I., Lofgren, C. S., Woodard, D. B., Ford, H. R. & Glancey, B. M. (1964). Resistance to the chemical sterilant, apholate, in Aedes aegypti.—Science, N.Y. 145, 500–501.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hedin, P. A., Cody, C. P. & Thompson, A. C. jr. (1964). Antifertility effect of the chemosterilant apholate on the male boll weevil.—J. econ. Ent. 57, 270–272.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hedin, P. A., Wiygul, G. & Mitlin, N. (1967). Absorption and metabolism of C14-labeled tepa by the boll-weevil.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 215–218.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hedin, P. A., Wiygul, G., Vickers, D. A., Bartlett, A. C. & Mitlin, N. (1967). Sterility induced by tepa in the boll weevil: effective dose and permanency, gonadal changes and biological turnover of labeled compound.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 209–214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hendricks, D. E. (1968). Use of virgin female tobacco budworms to increase catch of males in blacklight traps and evidence that trap location and wind influence catch.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 1581–1585.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hendry, J. A., Homer, R. F., Rose, F. L. & Walpole, A. L. (1951). Cytotoxic agents. III. Derivatives of ethyleneimine.—Br. J. Pharmac. Chemother. 6, 357–410.Google ScholarPubMed
Henneberry, T. J. & Kishaba, A. N. (1966). Effects of some chemosterilants on the viability of eggs, fecundity, mortality and mating of the cabbage looper.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 156–159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henneberry, T. J., Mason, H. C. & McGovern, W. L. (1967). Some effects of gamma radiation and apholate on the fertility of Drosophila melanogaster.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 853–857.Google Scholar
Henneberry, T. J., Shorey, H. H. & Kishaba, A. N. (1966). Mating frequency and copulatory aberrations, response to female sex pheromone and longevity of male cabbage loopers treated with tepa.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 573–576.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henneberry, T. J., Smith, F. F. & McGovern, W. L. (1964). Some effects of gamma radiation and a chemosterilant on the Mexican bean beetle.—J. econ. Ent. 57, 813–815.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henneberry, T. J., Kishaba, A. N., Iqbal, M. Z. & Klingler, B. B. (1968). Reproduction, longevity and flight of cabbage looper moths treated topically with tepa.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 1536–1540.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herskowitz, I. H. (1951). A list of chemical substances studied for effects on Drosophila, with a bibliography.—Am. Nat. 85, 181–199.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herskowitz, I. H. (1955). The incidence of chromosomal rearrangements and recessive lethal mutations following treatment of mature Drosophila sperm with 2:4:6-tri (ethyleneimino)-1:3:5-triazine.—Genetics, Princeton 40, 574.Google Scholar
Herskowitz, I. H. (1956). Mutagenesis in mature Drosophila spermatozoa by triazine applied in vaginal douches.—Genetics, Princeton 41, 605–609.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hertwig, O. (1911). Die Radiumkrankheit tienischer Keimzellen—ein Beitrag zur experimentel len Zeugungs—und Vererbungslehre.—Arch. mikrosk. Anat. EntwMech. 77, 1–164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hirano, C. (1965). The induction of sexual sterility in the silk-worm moth by an alkylating agent, apholate.—Botyu-Kagaku 30, 109–114.Google Scholar
Hitchings, D. L. (1967). Bacillus thuringiensis: a reproduction inhibitor for southern army-worm.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 596–597.Google Scholar
Hodoson, E. (1963). Effect of thalidomide on the growth and reproduction of Phormia regina.—J. econ. Ent. 56, 720.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
HodgsonN, E. S. & Wright, A. M. (1963). Action of epinephrine and related compounds upon the insect nervous system.—Gen. comp. Endocrinol. 3, 519–525.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hollingsworth, J. P., Hartstack, A. W. jr. & Lindquist, D. A. (1968). Influence of near-ultraviolet output of attractant lamps on catches of insects by light traps.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 515–521.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holmsen, T. W. & Leasure, J. K. (1966). Growth-inhibiting action of tris (1-aziridinyl)-phosphine oxide in grasses.—Science, N.Y. 153, 1659.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holt, G. G. & North, D. T. (1970). Spermatogenesis in the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 63, 501–507.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hooper, G. (1969). Chemosterilant studies at the University of Queensland, Australia.—3ème Congrès International des Anti parasitaires, Milan, 1969, 291–294.Google Scholar
Hopf, H. S., Duncan, J., Beesley, J. S. S., Webley, D. J. & Sturrock, R. F. (1967). Molluscicidal properties of organotin and organolead compounds with particular reference to triphenyl lead acetate.—Bull. Wid Hlth Org. 36, 955–961.Google Scholar
Howland, A. F., Vail, P. & Henneberry, T. J. (1965). Effect of chemosterilants on fertility of cabbage loopers.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 635–637.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Howland, A. F., Vail, P. & Hennebeiery, T. J. (1966). Results of cage experiments with sterile male releases and a chemosterilant technique for control of cabbage looper populations.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 194–196.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huot, L. & Corrivault, G. W. (1967). Les substances neuroleptiques et le comportement des insectes—V. Étude comparative de l'action de Ia réserpine et de quelques-uns de ses derives sur le Tribolium confusum Duval.—Archs int. Physiol. Biochim. 75, 745–753.Google Scholar
Huot, L., Corrivault, G. W. & Bourbeau, G. (1960). Les substances neuroleptiques et le comportement des insectes 1. Influence do la réserpine sur la ponte de Tribolium confusum Duval (Coléoptère: Tenebriomdae).—Archs int. Physiol. Biochim. 68, 577–585.Google Scholar
Jalil, M. & Morrison, P. E. (1969 a). Cheanosterilization of the two-spotted spider mite. I. Effect of chemosterilants on the biology of the mite.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 393–400.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jalil, M. & Morrison, P. E. (1969 b). Chemosterilization of the two-spotted spider mite. II. Histopathological effect of apholate and 5-fluorouracil on the reproductive organs.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 400–403.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jalil, M. & Morrison, P. E. (1969 c). Chemosterilization of the two-spotted spider mite. III. Effect on host plant.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 506–507.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jalil, M. & Morrison, P. E. (1969 d). Chemosterilization of the two-spotted spider mite. IV. Effect on population.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 415–419.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jeppson, L. R., Jesser, M. J. & Complin, J. O. (1966). Cycloheximide derivatives and mite control with reference to mites on citrus.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 15–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Judson, C. L. (1967). Alteration of feeding behavior and fertility in Aedes aegypti by the chemosterilant apholate.—Entomologia exp. appl. 10, 387–394.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaloostian, G. H. (1968). Chemosterilization of male pear psylla with tepa.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 573–574.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaplan, W. (1954). Factors influencing the frequency of mustard-gas induced dominant lethals in D. melanogaster.—Proc. IXth list. Conf. Genet. Caryol. 6 (Suppl.), 693–694.Google Scholar
Kar, A. B., Bose, A. R. & Das, R. P. (1963). Effect of m-xylohydroquinone on the genital organs and fertility of male rats.—J. Reprod. Fert. 5, 77–81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kaur, D. & Steve, P. C. (1969). Induced sterility in face fly.—Initial and sustained effects of hempa and metepa.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 1462–1464.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Keiser, I. & Schneider, E. L. (1969). Longevity, resistance to deprivation of food and water, and susceptibility to malathion and DDT of oriental fruit flies, melon flies, and Mediterranean fruit flies sexually sterilised with tepa or radiation.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 663–667.Google Scholar
Keiser, I., Steiner, L. F. & Kamasaki, H. (1965). Effect of chemosterilants against the oriental fruit-fly, melon fly and Mediterranean fruit fly.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 682–685.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kenaga, E. E. (1965). Triphenyl tin compounds as insect reproduction inhibitors.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 4–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kenaga, E. E. (1969). Some hydroxynitrosamino aliphatic acid derivatives as insect reproduction inhibitors.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 1006–1008.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kido, H. & Stafford, E. M. (1966). Some effects of thiotepa on Drosophila melanogaster Meigen.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 1064–1069.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kilgore, W. W. (1967). Chemosterilants. In Kilgore, W. W. & Doutt, R. L.Eds. Pest control. Biological, physical and selected chemicals methods. New York, Academic Press, 197–239.Google Scholar
Kilgore, W. W. & Painter, R. R. (1962). The effect of 5-fluorouracil on the viability of house fly eggs.—J. econ. Ent. 55, 710–712.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kilgore, W. W. & Painter, R. R. (1964). Effect of the chemosterilant apholate on the synthesis of cellular components in developing housefly eggs.—Biochem. J. 92, 353–357.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kilgore, W. W., Painter, R. R. & Gadallah, A. I. (1971). Characteristics of the nucleic acids of eggs from house flies fed aziridinyl compounds.—J. econ. Ent. 64, 30–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Killough, R. A. & McClellan, E. S. (1969). Laboratory studies of the mating habits of the face fly.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 551–555.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kishaba, A. N., Henneberry, T. J., Hancock, P. J. & Toba, H. H. (1967). Laboratory technique for studying flight of cabbage looper moths and the effects of age, sex, food, and tepa on flight characteristics.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 359–366.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kishin, A. F. (1961). Formaldehyde induces changes in male and female germ cells of Drosophila melanogaster Alexandria.—J. agric. Res. 9, 39–53.Google Scholar
Kissam, J. B. & Hays, S. B. (1966). Mortality and fertility response of Musca domestica adults to certain known mutagenic or anti-turner agents.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 748–749.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kissam, J. B., Wilson, J. A. & Hays, S. B. (1967). Selective effects of certain anti-fertility compounds on the house fly as shown by reciprocal crosses and histological sectioning.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 1130–1135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kitaoka, S. & Mori'i, T. (1967). Effects of gamma radiation and chemosterilants on the cattle tick Boophilus microplus.—Jap. J. sanit. Zool. 18, 126–129.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klassen, W. & Earle, N. W. (1970). Permanent sterility induced in boll weevils with busulfan without reducing production of pheromone.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 1195–1198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klassen, W. & Matsumura, F. (1966). Resistance to a chemosterilant, metepa, in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.—Nature, Lond. 209, 1155–1156.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klassen, W., Norland, J. F. & Bořkovec, A. B. (1968). Potential chemosterilants for boll weevils.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 401–407.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klassen, W., Norland, J. F. & Briggs, R. W. (1969). Sterilization of boll weevils with combinations of chemosterilants and X-rays, gamma rays, thermal neutrons, or fast neutrons.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 1204–1216.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knipling, E. F. (1955). Possibilities of insect control or eradication through the use of sexually sterile males.—J. econ. Ent. 48, 459–462.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knipling, E. F. (1958). Screwworm eradication: concepts and research leading to the sterile-male method.—Rep. Smithsonian Instn, 409–418.Google Scholar
Knipling, E. F. (1959). Sterile-male method of population control; successful with some insects, the method may also be effective when applied to other noxious animals.—Science, N.Y. 130, 902–904.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knipling, E. F. (1960). Use of insects for their own destruction.—J. econ. Ent. 53, 415–420.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knipling, E. F. (1962). Potentialities and progress in the development of chemosterilants for insect control.—J. econ. Ent. 55, 782–786.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knipling, E. F. (1963). The potential role of the sterility method for insect population control with special reference to combining this method with conventional methods.—Publ. U.S. Dep. Agric. no. ARS-33–98, 54 pp.Google Scholar
Knipling, E. F. (1968). The potential role of sterility for pest control. In LaBrecque, G. C. and Smith, C. N.Eds. Principles of insect chemosterilization. Amsterdam, North-Holland, 7–40.Google Scholar
Knipling, E. F. & McGuire, J. U. jr., (1966). Population models to test theoretical effects of sex-attractants used for insect control.—Inf. Bull. U.S. Dep. Agric. no. 308, 20 pp.Google Scholar
Knutson, H. (1955). Modifications in fecundity and life span of Drosophila melanogaster Meigen following sublethal exposure to an insecticide.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 48, 35–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kohls, R. E., Lemin, A. J. & O'Connell, P. W. (1966). New chemosterilants against the house fly.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 745–746.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Konecky, M. S. & Mitlin, N. (1955). Chemical impairment of development in house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 48, 219–220.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kropachova, A. A., Sukhova, M. N., Stepanova, M. N., Teterovskaya, T. O., Artyukhina, I. N. & Gvozdeva, I. V. (1969). Les dérives nouveaux du aziridine: le dipime, le pyrimide, le morphimide, le phosphimide et leurs propriétés stérilisantes à 1'é des mouches synanthropes et certains autres insectes.—3ème Congrès International des Antiparasitaires, Milan, 1969, 301–308.Google Scholar
Kuipers, J. (1962). Het effect van sublethale doses van DDT en parathion op do eiproduktie van der colaradokever (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say).—Meded. LandbHoogesch. OpszoekStns Gent 27, 908–919.Google Scholar
Kunz, S. E. & Eschle, J. L. (1971). Possible use of the sterile-male technique for eradication of the horn fly. In Sterility principle for insect control or eradication. Proceedings of a symposiumJointly organized by the IAEA and FAO and held in Athens14–18 September, 1970Vienna, IAEA (Proceedings Series STI/PUB/265), 145–156.Google Scholar
Kurihara, S. (1929). On the spermatogenesis of Chilo simplex Butler a Pyralid moth.—J. Coil. Agr. imp. Univ. Tokyo 10, 235–246.Google Scholar
Kuzin, A. N., Kolomijtseva, I. K. & Yusitov, N. I. (1968). Effect of ecdysone on the puparium formation in irradiated Ephestia kühniella Z.—Nature, Lond. 217, 743–744.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
LaBrecque, G. C. (1961). Studies with three alkylating agents as house fly sterilants.—J. econ. Ent. 54, 684–689.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LaBrecque, G. C. (1963). Chemosterilants for the control of houseflies.—Adv. Chem. Ser. 41, 42–46.Google Scholar
LaBrecque, G. C. (1968). Laboratory procedures. In LaBrecque, G. C. & Smith, C. N.Eds. Principles of insect chemosterilization. Amsterdam, North-Holland, 41–98.Google Scholar
LaBrecque, G. C. & Gouck, H. K. (1963). Compounds affecting fertility in adult house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 56, 476.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LaBrecque, G. C. & Meifert, D. W. (1966). Control of house flies (Diptera: Muscidae) in poultry houses with chemosterilants.—J. mednl Ent. 3, 323–326.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
LaBrecque, G. C. & Meifert, D. W. (1970). Sterility in adult house flies exposed to residual deposits of chemicals.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 1716–1717.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LaBrecque, G. C. & Smith, C. N.Eds. (1968). Principles of insect chemosterilization.—354 pp. Amsterdam, North-Holland.Google Scholar
LaBrecque, G. C. & Weidhaas, D. H. (1970). Advantages of integrating sterile-male releases with other methods of control against house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 379–382.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
LaBrecque, G. C., Adcock, P. H. & Smith, C. N. (1960). Tests with compounds affecting house fly metabolism.—J. econ. Ent. 53, 802–805.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LaBrecque, G. C., Meifert, D. W. & Fye, R. L (1963). A field study on the control of house flies with chemosterilant techniques.—J. econ. Ent. 56, 150–152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LaBrecque, G. C., Meifert, D. W. & Smith, C. N. (1962). Mating competitiveness of chemosterilized and normal male house flies.—Science, N.Y. 136, 388–389.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
LaBrecque, G. C., Smith, C. N. & Meifert, D. W. (1962). A field experiment in the control of house flies with chemosterilant baits.—J. econ. Ent. 55, 449–451.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LaBrecque, G. C., Fye, R. L., DeMilo, A. B. & Bořkovec, A. B. (1968). Substituted mela mines as chemosterilants of house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 1621–1632.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LaBrecque, G. C., Morgan, P. B., Meifert, D. W. & Fye, R. L. (1966). Effectiveness of hempa as a house fly chemosterilant.—J. mednl Chem. 3, 40–43.Google ScholarPubMed
LaChance, L. E. (1966). The induction of dominant lethal mutations and sperm inactivation by chemical mutagens in Habrobracon.—Genetics, Princeton 54, 345.Google Scholar
LaChance, L. E. & Crystal, M. M. (1963). The modification of reproduction in insects treated with alkylating agents. II. Differential sensitivity of oocyte meiotic stages to the induction of dominant lethals.—Biol. Bull mar. biol. Lab., Woods Hole 125, 280–288.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LaChance, L. E. & Crystal, M. M. (1965). Induction of dominant lethal mutations in insect oocytes and sperm by gamma rays and an alkylating agent: dose-response and joint action studies.—Genetics, Princeton 51, 699–708.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LaChance, L. E. & Leopold, R. A. (1969). Cytogenetic effect of chemosterilants in housefly sperm: incidence of polyspermy and expression of dominant lethal mutations in early cleavage divisions.—Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 11, 648–659.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
LaChance, L. E. & Leverich, A. P. (1968 a). Cytology of ögenesis in chemosterilized screwworm flies, Cochliomyia hominivorax, as related to endomitosis in nurse cells.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 61, 1188–1197.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LaChance, L. E. & Leverich, A. P. (1968 b). Chemosterilant studies on Bracon (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) sperm. I. Sperm inactivation and dominant lethal mutations.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 61, 164–173.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
LaChance, L. E. & Leverich, A. P. (1969). Chemosterilant studies on Bracon sperm. II. Studies of selected compounds for induction of dominant lethal mutations or sperm inactivation.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 62, 790–796.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LaChance, L. E. & Riemann, J. G. (1964). Cytogenetic investigations on radiation and chemically induced dominant lethal mutations in oocytes and sperm of the screwworm fly.—Mutat. Res. 1, 318–333.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LaChance, L. E., Degrugillier, M. & Leverich, A. P. (1970 a). Cytogenesis of inherited partial sterility in three generations of the large milkweed bug as related to holo kinetic chromosomes.—Chromosoma 29, 20–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LaChance, L. E., Degrugillier, M. & Leverich, A. P. (1970 b). Comparative effects of chemosterilants on spermatogenic stages in the house fly. II. Recovery of fertility and sperm transfer in successive matings after sterilization with 1, 3-propanediol dimethanesulfonate or X-rays.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 63, 422–428.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
LaChance, L. E., North, D. T. & Klassen, W. (1968). Cytogenic and cellular basis of chemically induced sterility in insects. In LaBrecque, O. C. and Smith, C. N.Eds. Principles of insect chemosterilization. Amsterdam, North-Holland, 99–157.Google Scholar
Ladd, T. L. jr., (1966). Egg viability and longevity of Japanese beetles treated with tepa, apholate and metepa.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 422–425.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ladd, T. L. jr., (1968 a). Some effects of three triphenyltin compounds on the fertility and longevity of Japanese beetles.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 577–578.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ladd, T. L. jr. (1968 b). The permanent and cumulative effect of tepa-induced sterility in male Japanese beetles.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 1058–1059.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ladd, T. L. jr., (1970). Screening of candidate chemosterilants against the Japanese beetle.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 458–460.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ladd, T. L. jr., Collier, C. W. & PlasKett, E. L. (1968). Mass sterilization of Japanese beetles with tepa and the determination of residues.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 942–944.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Landa, V. & Matolín, S. (1971). Effects of chemosterilants on reproductive organs and embryogenesis in insects. In Sterility principle for insect control or eradication. Proceedings of a symposiumJointly organized by the IAEA and FAO and held in Athens14–18 September, 1970.Vienna, IAEA(Proceedings Series STI/PUB/265), 173–182.Google Scholar
Landa, V. & Ŕežábová, B. (1965). The effect of chemosterilants on the development of reproductive organs in insects.—12th Int. Congr. Ent., 516–517.Google Scholar
Lang, J. T. & Treece, R. E. (1971). Sterility and longevity effects of Sterculia foetida oil on the face fly.—J. econ. Ent. 64, 455–457.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levinson, Z. H. & Bergmann, E. D. (1959). Vitamin deficiencies in the housefly produced by antivitamins.—J. Insect Physiol. 3, 293–305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, C. T. (1963). Some application of radioisotopes to the study of the contamination of insects by insecticide solutions. In Radiation and isotopes applied to insects of agricultural importance. Proceedings of the symposium on the use and application of radioisotopes and radiation in the control of plant and animal insect pestsJointly organized by the International Atomic Energy Agency and The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and held in Athens22–26 April 1963Vienna, IAEA (Proceedings Series STI*PUB*74), 135–145.Google Scholar
Lindquist, D. A. & House, V. S. (1967). Mating studies with apholate-sterilized boll weevils.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 468–473.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindquist, D. A., Gorzycki, L. J., Mayer, M. S., Scales, A. L. & Davich, T. B. (1964). Laboratory studies on sterilization of the boll weevil with apholate.—J. econ. Ens. 57, 745–750.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loveless, A. (1966). Genetic and allied effects of alkylating agents.—272 pp. London, Butterworths.Google Scholar
Luckmann, W. H., Gangrade, G. & Broersma, D. B. (1967). Inducing sterility in the onion maggot.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 737–741.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lüscher, M. (1968). Oöcyte protection–a function of a corpus cardiacum hormone in the cockroach Nauphoeta cinerea.—J. Insect Physiol. 14, 685–688.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mácha, J. (1969). Fat body metabolism in Pyrrhocoris apterus during oogenesis and after sterilization with 6-azauridine.—Acta ent. bohemoslov. 66, 193–197.Google Scholar
MacGregor, Loaeza R. & Ortega, Corona A. (1965). Esterilizacíon de la Musca domestica con apholate.—Folia ent. Méx. 10, 1–15.Google Scholar
Mattlen, J. C. & McDonough, L. M. (1967). Residues of tepa on chemosterilized codling moths.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 1391–1393.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malawista, S. E., Sato, H. & Bensch, K. G. (1968). Vinblastine and griseofulvin reversibly disrupt the living mitotic spindle.—Science, N.Y. 160, 770–772.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Malik, M. M. (1970). The reproductive potential and certain behavioural aspects in some radio- or chemosterilised stored grain insects.—Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. London.Google Scholar
Mann, T. (1964). Biochemistry of semen and male reproductive tract.—493 pp. London, Methuen.Google Scholar
Masner, P. & Mácha, J. (1968). Indirect sterilising effect induced by a chemosterilant inter fering with the function of corpus allatum and fat body tissues.—13th Int. Congr. Ent. Abstracts of papers. Moscow 1968, 163.Google Scholar
Masner, P, Sláma, K. & Landa, V. (1968). Sexually spread insect sterility induced by the analogues of juvenile hormones.—Nature, Lond. 219, 395–396.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Masner, P., Huot, L., Corrivault, G. W. & Prudhomme, J. C. (1970). Effect of reserpine on the function of the gonads and its neuro-endrocrine regulation in Tenebrionid beetles.—J. Insect Physiol. 16, 2327–2344.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mason, H. C. & Smith, F. F. (1967). Apholate as a chemosterilant for Drosophila melano gaster.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 1127–1130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mason, H. C. & Smith, F. F. (1968). Suppression of populations of Drosophila melanogaster in tomato field plots with chemosterilant baits.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 362–367.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mason, H. C., Henneberry, T. J., Smith, F. F. & McGovern, W. L. (1968). Suppression of Drosophila melanogaster in tomato field plots by the release of flies sterilized by apholate.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 166–170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mathis, W. & Schoof, H. F. (1965). Studies on house fly control.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 291–293.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Matolín, S. (1969). The effect of chemosterilants on the embryonic development of Musca domestica L.—Acta ent. bohemoslov. 66, 65–69.Google Scholar
Matolín, S. (1970). Effects of a juvenile hormone analogue on embryogenesis in Pyrrhocoris apterus L.—Acta ent. bohemoslov, 67, 9–12.Google Scholar
Matolín, S. & Landa, V. (1971). The effects of furyltriazine on oogenesis and embryogenesis in Musca domestica L.—Acta en. bohemoslov. 68, 1–5.Google Scholar
Matsumura, F. & Knight, S. G. (1967). Toxicity and chemosterilizing activity of aflotoxin against insects.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 871–872.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matsuzawa, H. & Fuji'i, Y. (1968). On the sterilizing effect of hempa on the common house fly Musca domestica vicina (II), a field test in Sei Island.—Jap. J. san. Zool. 19, 210–212.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCray, E. M. jr., & Schoof, H. F. (1967). Mist application of chemosterilants to adult male Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 60–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGovern, W. L., Hardee, D. D. & Davich, T. B. (1969). Chemosterilants applied as sprays against populations of boll weevils on cotton in field cages.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 1144– 1147.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McFadden, M. W. (1969). Transfer of chemosterilant by tepa-sterilized Mexican fruit flies.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 511–512.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McFadden, M. W. & Rubio, R. E. P. (1966). Laboratory techniques for evaluating hempa and other chemosterilants against the Mexican fruit fly.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 1400–1402.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McLaughlin, J. R. & Simpson, R. G. (1968). (Chemosterilant effects of tepa, apholate and metepa on the alfalfa weevil.)—J. econ. Ent. 61, 1730–1733.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meifert, D. W., Fye, R. L. & LaBrecque, G. C. (1963). Effect on house flies of exposure to residual applications of chemosterilants.—Fla Ent. 46, 161–168.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meifert, D. W., Morgan, P. B. & LaBrecque, G. C. (1967). Infertility induced in male house flies by sterilant-bearing females.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 1336–1338.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meifert, D. W., LaBrecque, G. C., Smith, C. N. & Morgan, P. B. (1967). Control of house flies on some West Indies Islands with metepa, apholate and trichiorfon baits.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 480–485.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mendoza, C. E. & Peters, D. C. (1968). Histochemical effects of apholate on the repro ductive organs of southern corn rootworm.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 416–420.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mettrick, D. F. & Parnell, J. R. (1967). Exposure of Tribolium confusum to thiotepa and its effect upon development of Hymenolepis diminuta cysticercoids.—Expl Parasit. 20, 17–26.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Millar, E. S. (1965). Chemical sterilisation of the green sheep blowfly Lucilla sericata Meigen, with “apholate “.—N.Z. Jl agric. Res. 8, 295–301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mitlin, N. (1956). Inhibition of development in the house fly by 3, 4-methylenedioxyphenyl compounds.—J. econ. Ent. 49, 683–684.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mitlin, N. & Baroody, A. M. (1958). (The effect of some biologically active compounds on growth of house fly ovaries.—)J. econ. Ent. 51, 384–385.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mitlin, N., Butt, B. A. & Shortino, T. J. (1957). Effect of mitotic poisons on house fly oviposition.—Physiol. Zoöl. 30, 133–136.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, R. F. jr. & Taft, H. M. (1969). Effect of melatonin on egg production of the boll weevil Anthonomus grandis.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 62, 252.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moorhouse, J. E., Yeadon, R., Beevor, P. S. & Nesbitt, B. F. (1969). Method for use in studies of insect chemical communication.—Nature, Lond. 223, 1174–1175.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morgan, P. B. (1967 a). Booby-trapped female house flies as sterilant carriers.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 612–613.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morgan, P. B. (1967 b). Effects of hempa on the ovarian development of the house fly, Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae).—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 60, 812–818.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morgan, P. B. (1967 c). Inhibition by 5-fluoroorotic acid of the ovarian development of house flies Musca domestica.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 60, 1158–1161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morgan, P. B. & LaBrecque, G. C. (1962). The effect of apholate on the ovarian develop ment of house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 55, 626–628.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morgan, P. B. & LaBrecque, G. C. (1964 a). Studies of the effect of meat exposed to gamma radiation or chemosterilants on the reproductive capacity of a blow fly Phaenicia cuprina (Wiedemann).—Fla Ent. 47, 31–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morgan, P. B. & LaBrecque, G. C. (1964 b). Effect of tepa and metepa on ovarian develop ment of house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 57, 896–899.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morgan, P. B., Bowman, M. C. & LaBrecque, G. C. (1968). Uptake and persistence of metepa and hempa in the house fly.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 805–808.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morgan, J. B., LaBrecque, G. C., Smith, C. N., Meifert, D. W. & Murvosh, C. M. (1967). Cumulative effects of substerilizing dosages of apholate and metepa on laboratory populations of the house fly.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 1064–1067.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moriarty, F. (1969). The sublethal effects of synthetic insecticides on insects.—Biol. Rev. 44, 321–357.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Morlan, H. B., McCray, E. M. jr., & Kilpatrick, J. W. (1962). Field tests with sexually sterile males for control of Aedes aegypti.—Mosquito News 22, 295–300.Google Scholar
Mulla, M. S. (1964). Chemosterilization of the mosquito Culex p. qiiinquefasciatus.—Mosquito News 24, 212–217.Google Scholar
Mulla, M. S. (1968). Chemosterilants for control of reproduction in the eye-gnat (Hippelates collusor) and the mosquito (Culex quinquefasciatus).—Hilgardia 39, 297–324.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muller, H. J. (1927). Artificial transmutation of the gene.—Science, N.Y. 66, 84–87.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Murdie, G. & Campion, D. G. (1972). Computer simulation of red bollworm populations in control programmes using sterile males and sex attractants.—Cott. Gr. Rev. 49, 276–284.Google Scholar
Murray, W. S. & Bickley, W. E. (1964). Effect of apholate on the southern house mosquito Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus Say.—Bull. Univ. Maryland agric. Exp. Stn A-134, 37 pp.Google Scholar
Murvosh, C. M., LaBrecque, G. C. & Smith, C. N. (1964). Effect of three chemosterilants on house fly longevity and sterility.—J. econ. Ent. 57, 89–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mustfafa, M. & Naidu, M. B. (1964). Chemical sterilization of Dysdercus cingulatus F. (red cotton bug).—Indian I. exp. Biol. 2, 55–56.Google Scholar
Nagasawa, S. & Nakayama, I. (1968). Presumption of dosage-response curve obtained by the treatment of chemosterilant for both sexes of the azuki bean weevil Callosobruchus chinensis L. Studies on the chemosterilants of insects XIV.—Botyu-Kagaku 33, 146–152.Google Scholar
Nagasawa, S. & Shinohara, H. (1964). Sterilizing effect of apholate on the azuki bean weevil Callosobruchus chinensis L., with special reference to the hatching of the eggs deposited by treated weevils.—Jap. J. appl. Ent. Zool. 8, 272–276.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nagasawa, S. & Shinohara, H. (1965 a). Joint sterilizing effect of a mixture of apholate and metepa on the azuki bean weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis L., with special reference to the hatchability of eggs deposited by treated weevils.—Jap. J. appl. Ent. Zool. 9, 162–165.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nagasawa, S. & Shinohara, H. (1965 b). Mating competition between apholate-sterilized and normal males of the azuki bean weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis L.—Jap. J. appl. Ent. Zool. 9, 271–274.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nagasawa, S., Shinohara, H. & Shiba, M. (1965). Sterilizing effect of Dowco-186 on the azuki bean weevil Callosobruchus chinensis L, with special reference to the hatch-ability of eggs deposited by treated weevils. Studies on the chemosterilants of insects VI.—Botyu-Kagaku 30, 91–95.Google Scholar
Nagasawa, S., Shinohara, H. & Shiba, M. (1966). Differential susceptibilities in sexes of the azuki bean weevil Callosobruchus chinensis L. to the sterilizing effect of hempa. Studies on the chemosterilants of insects IX.—Botyu-Kagaku 31, 108–113.Google Scholar
Nagasawa, S., Shinohara, H. & Shiba, M. (1967). Differential susceptibilities in sexes of Callosobruchus chinensis L. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) to the sterilizing effects of triphenyltin hydroxide.—J. Stored Prod. Res. 3, 177–184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nakayama, I. & Nagasawa, S. (1966). Histopathological observation of chemosterilizing effect of metepa on male adults of the azuki bean weevil Callosobruchus chinensis. Studies of the chemosterilants of insects. XII.—Jap. J. appl. Ent. Zool. 10, 192–196.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nakayama, I., Nagasawa, S. & Shimizu, H. (1969). Sterilizing effect of hempa on Drosophila melanogaster Meigen. Studies on the chemosterilants of insects. XV.—Botyu-Kagaku 34, 6–12.Google Scholar
Nayar, J. K. (1963). Effect of synthetic “Queen substance” (9-oxodec-trans-2-enoic acid) on ovary development of the house-fly Musca domestica L.—Nature, Lond. 197, 923–924.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newton, D. W. & Hays, R. L. (1968). Histological studies of ovaries in rats treated with hydroxyurea, triphenyltin acetate and triphenyltin chloride.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 1668–1669.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
North, D. T. (1967). Sperm storage: modification of recovered dominant lethal mutations induced by tretamine and analogs.—Mutat. Res. 4, 225–228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
North, D. T. & Holt, G. G. (1968 a). Genetic and cytogenetic basis of radiation-induced sterility in the adult male cabbage looper Trichoplusia ni. In Isotopes and radiation in entomology. Proceedings of a symposium on the use of isotopes and radiation in entomology. Jointly organized by the International Atomic Energy Agency and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nationsand held in Vienna4–8 December 1967.Vienna, IAEA (Proceedings Series STI/PUB/166), 391–403.Google Scholar
North, D. T. & Holt, G. (1968 b). Inherited sterility in progeny of irradiated male cabbage loopers.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 928–931.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Novák, V. J. A. (1966). Insect hormones. 478 pp. London, Methuen.Google Scholar
Nováx, V., Landa, V. & ŘEž´bov´, B. (1968). The possibility of application of chemo sterilants in the control of some forest pests.—13th Int. Congr. Ent. Abstracts of papers. Moscow 1968, 184.Google Scholar
Ogata, K., Tanaka, I. & SuzuKi, T. (1966). Observations on the chemosterilization of two alkylating agents, metepa and hempa on house flies.—Jap. J. Sanit. Zool. 17, 201–214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ondráček, J. & Matolín, S. (1971). Stérilizing effect of tepa on the bean beetle Acantho scelides obtectus Say. (Coleoptera).—Acta ent. bohemoslov. 68, 209–215.Google Scholar
Orphanidis, P. S. (1963). Recherches en laboratoire sur la stérilisation d'adultes de Ceratitis capitata Wied. au moyen de substances stérilisantes. I. Expériences avec l'apholate.—Annis Inst. phytopath. Benaki N.S. 5, 260–287.Google Scholar
Orphanidis, P. S. & Kalmoucos, P. E. (1971). Possibilités de lutte intégrée contre Dacus oleae (Gmelin) au moyen de méthodes autocides et chimiques. In Sterility principle for insect control or eradication. Proceedings of a symposium.Jointly organized by the IAEA and FAOand held in Athens,14–18 September, 1970. Vienna, IAEA (Proceedings Series STI/PUB/265), 55–56.Google Scholar
Orphanidis, P. S. & Patsacos, P. G. (1963). Recherches en laboratoire sur la stérilisation d'adultes du Dacus oleae Gmel. au moyen de métaphoxide et d'aphoxide. (Comparaison avec les résultats obtenus sur Ceratitis capitata Wied.).—Annls Inst. phyto path. Benaki N.S. 5, 305–322.Google Scholar
Oaphanidis, P. S. & Patsacos, P. G. (1970). Chimiostérilisation des Dacus oleae (Gmel.) et Ceratitis capitata (Wied.) an moyen des substances chimiques avec ou sans proprétés d'alkylation.—Annls Inst. phyropath. Benaki N.S. 9, 134–146.Google Scholar
Orphanidis, P. S., Patsacos, P. G. & Kalmoucos, P. E. (1966). Expérience préliminaire en plein champ sur la chirniostéilisation d'adultes du Dacus oleae (Gmel.).—Annls Inst. phytopath. Benaki N.S. 7, 177–190.Google Scholar
Orphanidis, P. S., Soultanopoulos, C. D. & Karandeinos, M. G. (1963). Recherches en laboratoire sur la stérilisation d'adultes de Ceratitis capitata Wied. au moyen de substances stérilisantes. ii. Expériences au moyen de métaphoxide, d'aphoxide et de chlorure de cuivre.—Annls inst. phytopath. Benaki N.S. 5, 323–331.Google Scholar
Östlund, E. (1954). The distribution of catechol amines in lower animals and their effect on the heart.—Acta physiol. scand. 31, Suppl. 112, 67 pp.Google ScholarPubMed
Outram, I. (1971). Effects of a synthetic juvenile hormone on the embryonic and post- embryonic development of the spruce bud-worm after application to the eggs.—Bi-mon. Res. Notes 27 (5), 34.Google Scholar
Outram, I. & Campion, D. G. (1967). Morphology of the male reproductive system and spermatophore of the red bollworm Diparopsis casranea (Hmps.) and the possible effect of the chemosterilant tepa on the gross structure.—Ann. appl. Biol. 60, 439–444.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ouye, M. T. & Graham, H. M. (1967). Study on eradication of a confined population of pink bollworms by release of males sterilized with metepa.—J. econ Ent. 60, 244–247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ouye, M. T., Garcia, R. S. & Martin, D. F. (1965). Sterilization of pink bollworm adults with metepa.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 1018–1020.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ouye, M. T., Garcia, R. D., Guerra, A. A. & Lukefahr, M. J. (1969). Metepa as a chemo sterilant for adult female pink bollworms.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 650–652.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ouye, M. T., Graham, H. M., Garcia, R. S. & Martin, D. F. (1965). Comparative mating competitiveness of metepa-sterilized and normal pink bollworm males in laboratory and field cages.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 927–929.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Painter, R. R. & Kilgore, W. W. (1964). Temporary and permanent sterilization of house flies with chemosterilants.—J. econ. Ent. 57, 154–157.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Painter, R. R. & Kilgore, W. W. (1965). Chemosterilant effect of 5-fluoroorotic acid on house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 888–891.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Painter, R. R. & Kilgore, W. W. (1967). The effect of apholate and thiotepa on nucleic acid synthesis and nucleotide ratios in house fly eggs.—J. insect Physiol. 13, 1105–1118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Palmquist, I. & Lachance, L. E. (1966). Comparative mutagenicity of two chemosterilants, tepa and hempa in sperm of Bracon hebetor.—Science, N.Y. 154, 915–917.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parish, J. C. & Arthur, B. W. (1965). Mammalian and insect metabolism of the chemosterilant thiotepa.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 976–979.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parnell, J. R. & Mettrick, D. F. (1969). The action of thiotepa on the fertility of the con fused flour beet1e.—J econ. Ent. 62, 585–588.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pate, B. D. & Hays, R. L. (1968). Histological studies of testes in rats treated with certain insect chemosterilants.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 32–34.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pathak, M. D. (1968). Ecology of common insect pests of rice.—A. Rev. Ent. 13, 257–294.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patrerson, R. S., Lofgren, C. S. & Boston, M. D. (1967). Resistance in Aedes aegypti to cheniosterilants: effect of apholate selection on resistance to apholate, tepa and metepa.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 1673–1675.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patterson, R. S., Lofgren, C. S. & Boston, M. D. (1968). The sterile-male technique for control of mosquitoes: a field cage study with Anopheles quadrimaculatus.—Fla Ent. 51, 77–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patterson, R. S., Ford, H. R., LoFgren, C. S. & Weidhaas, D. E. (1970). Sterile males: their effect on an isolated population of mosquitoes.—Mosquito News 30, 23–27.Google Scholar
Pausch, R. D. (1969). A laboratory evaluation of baits and chemosterilants on the little house fly.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 25–28.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pelerents, C. & Degheele, D. (1967). L'action stérilisante du metepa et de l'apholate sur la teigne de la farme (Ephestia kühniella Z.).—Meded. Rijksfak. LandbWet. Gent 32, 711–716.Google Scholar
Pelerents, C. & Goeteyn, R. (1969). Quelques effets de l'apholate sur la mouche du chou Delia brassicae Bouché.—3ème Congrès International des Antiparasitaires, Milan, 1969, 363–370.Google Scholar
Perrin-Walicdemar, C. (1969). Effets d'un antagoniste de I'acide folique sur le testicule adulte do Drosophile (insect Diptère). Modifications morphologiques et histopath ologiques.—C.r. hebd Séanc. Acad. Sci., Paris 286, 165–168.Google Scholar
Pershad, S. B. & Naidu, M. B. (1966). Sexual sterility induced in the house fly by contact exposure to chemosterilant apholate.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 948–950.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Persoons, C. J. (1969). Purine derivatives and analogues as insect chemosterilants. Influence of 6-methylmercapto-3-deazapurine on reproduction of Periplaneta americana.—3ème Congrès international des Antiparasitaires, Milan, 1969, 379–385.Google Scholar
Phillips, D. M. (1970). Insect sperm: their structure and function.—J. Cell. Biol. 44, 243–277.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pickett, A. D. & Patterson, N. A. (1963). Arsenates: effect on fecundity in some Diptera.—Science, N.Y. 140, 493–494.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Piechowska, M. J. (1965). Effect of ionizing radiation on the endrocrine system in insects.—Bull. Acad. pol. Sci. Sér. Sci. biol. 13, 139–144.Google Scholar
Pillai, M. K. K. & Agarwal, H. C. (1969). Effect of apholate and hempa on nucleic acid and protein syntheses in the yellow-fever mosquito.—Entomologia exp. appl. 12, 413–422.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pillai, M. K. K. & Grover, K. K. (1969). Chemosterilization of Culex pipiens fatigans Wiedemann by exposure of aquatic stages. I. Sterilization potential of certain azindinyl compounds.—Bull. Wid Hit Org. 41, 915–928.Google ScholarPubMed
Piquett, P. G. & Keller, J. C. (1962). A screening method for ċhemosterilants of the house fly.—J. econ. Ent. 55, 261–262.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Plapp, F. W. jr, Bigley, W. S., Chapman, G. A. & Eddy, G. W. (1962). Metabolism of methaphoxide in mosquitoes, house flies and mice.—J. econ. Ent. 55, 607–613.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pollock, J. N. (1971 a). Sterility and the mated status test in tepa-treated male sheep blow flies Lucilia sericata (Mg.) (Dipt., Calliphoridae).—Bull. ent. Res. 60, 663–669.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pollock, J. N. (1971 b). An experimentally tested model of the cumulative mating frequency curve for Lucilia sericata (Mg.) (Dipt., Calliphoridae).—Bull. ent. Res. 60, 671–682.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Possompès, B. (1955). Corpus allatum et développement ovarien chez Calliphora erythro cephala Meig. (Diptère).—C.r. hebd. Séanc. Acad. Sd., Paris 241, 2001–2004.Google Scholar
Powell, I. R. & Craig, G. B. jr, (1970). Inhibition of male accessory glands of Aedes aegypti by larval treatment with apholate.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 745–748.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Proverbs, M. D. & Newton, J. R. (1963). Some effects of gamma radiation on the repro ductive potential of the codling moth Carpocapsa pc'monella (L.) Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae.—Can. Ent. 94, 1162–1170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raghuwanshi, O. P. (1969). Mating vigour and sexual competitiveness of chemosterilized males of Culex fatigans. Botyu-Kagaku 34, 124–126.Google Scholar
Rai, K. S. (1964 a). Cytogenetic effects of chemosterilants in mosquitoes. I. Apholate-induced aberrations in the somatic chromosomes of Aedes aegypti L.—Cytologia 29, 346–353.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rai, K. S. (1964 b). Cytogenetic effects of chemosterilants in mosquitoes. II. Mechanism of apholate-induced changes in fecundity and fertility of Aedes aegypti (L.).—Biol. Bull. mar. biol. Lab., Woods Hole 127, 119–131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ramade, F. (1967). Contribution a l'étude du mode d'action de certains insecticides de syn thèse, plus particulièrement du lindane et des phénomènes de résistance à ces cornposés chez Musca domestica L.—Annls Inst. natn. agron. Paris 5, 1–267.Google Scholar
Rapoport, I. A. (1947). Inheritance changes taking place under the influence of diethylsulphate and dimethyl sulphate.—Dokl. vses. Akad. sel'.-khoz. Nauk 12, 12–15. (Chem. A bstr. 42, 3790.)Google Scholar
Rapoport, I. A. (1962). A selective sterile modification induced by dimethyl phosphate and other compounds.—Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 147, 943–946.Google Scholar
Ratcliffe, R. H. & Risnch, S. S. (1965). Insect sterilant experiments in outdoor cages with apholate, metepa, and four bifunctional aziridine chemicals against the house fly.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 1079–1082.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ratnayake, W. E. (1968). Effects of storage on dominant lethals induced by alkylating agents (triethylene melamine and ethylenimine).—Mutat. Res. 5, 271–278.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reddi, O. S. & Auerbach, C. (1961). Sensitivity of the Drosophila testis to tri-ethylene mela mine (TEM).—Genet. Res. 2, 63–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Redfern, R. E. (1970). Evaluations of candidate chemostenilants for control of two-spotted spider mites.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 357–359.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reeves, W. A., Drake, G. L. jr., Chance, L. H. & Guthrie, J. D. (1957). Flame retardants for cotton using APO- and APS-THPC resins.—Text. Res. J. 27, 260–266.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reinecice, L. H., Klassen, W. & Norland, J. F. (1969). Damage to testes and recovery of fertility in boll weevils fed chemosterilants.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 62, 511–525.Google Scholar
Rethakaran, A. (1970). Metepa as a chemosterilant for the adult male spruce bud-worm Choristoneura fumiferana.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 1394–1395.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Řežábová, B. (1968). Changes in the metabolism of nucleic acids in the ovaries of the house fly, M. domestica, after application of chemosterilants.—Acta ent. bohemoslov. 65, 331–340.Google Scholar
Řežábová, B. & Landa, V. (1967). Effect of 6-azaunidine on the development of the ovaries in the house fly Musca domestica L. (Diptera).—Acta ent. bohemoslov. 64, 344–351.Google Scholar
Řežábová, B. & Landa, V. (1968). Effects of thalidomide on the development of the house fly Musca domestica L.—Acta ent. bohemoslov. 65, 212–215.Google Scholar
Řežábová, B., Hora, J., Landa, V., Černý, V. & Šorm, F. (1968). On steroids CXIII. Sterilizing effect of some 6-ketosteroids on house fly (Musca domestica.)—Steroids 11, 475–495.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rhode, R. H., Lopez, D. F., Eguisa, F. & Telich, C. J. (1961). Effect of gamma radiation on the reproductive potential of the Mexican fruit fly.—J. econ. Ent. 54, 202–203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Riddiford, L. M. (1970). Prevention of metamorphosis by exposure of insect eggs to juvenile hormone analogs.—Science, N.Y. 167, 287–288.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Riddiford, L. M. & Williams, C. M. (1967). The effects of juvenile hormone analogues on the embryonic development of silkworms.—Proc. sam. Acad. Sd. U.S.A. 57, 595–601.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ridgway, R. L., Gorzycki, I. J. & Lindquist, D. A. (1966). Effect of metabolite analogs on larval development and oviposition in the boll weevil.—J. econ Ent. 59, 143–146.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ridgway, R. L., Jones, S. L. & Lindquist, D. A. (1965). Effect of American Cyananud CL-47031 on fecundity and longevity of the boll weevil.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 790–791.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Riemann, I. G. (1969). Competitive mating tests between normal and aspermic male house flies.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 276–277.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Riemann, J. G. & Flint, H. M. (1967). Irradiation effects on midguts and testes of the adult boll weevil Anthonomus grandis, determined by histological and shielding studies.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 60, 298–308.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Riemann, J. G., Moen, D. J. & Thorson, B. J. (1967). Female monogamy and its control in houseflies.—J. Insect Physiol. 13, 407–418.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rioidan, D. F. (1965). Emergence and fertility of Aedes aegypti (L.) reared in various con centrations of P32.—Can. J. Zool. 43, 497–501.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ristich, S. S., Ratcliffe, R. H. & Perlman, D. (1965). Chemosterilant properties, cytotoxi city and mammalian toxicity of apholate and other P-N ring chemicals.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 929–932.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roach, S. H. & Buxton, J. A. (1965). Apholate and tepa as chemosterilants of the plum curculio.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 802–803.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robbins, W. E., Kaplanis, J. N., Thompson, M. J., Showrino, T. J., Cohen, C. F. & Joyner, S. C. (1968). Ecdysones and analogs: effects on development and reproduction of insects.—Science, N.Y. 161, 1158–1160.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Röhrborn, C. (1962). Chemische Konstitution und mutagene Wirkung II Triazinderivate.—Z. Vererb-Lehre 93, 1–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ross, W. C. J. (1962). Biological alkylating agents. 232 pp. London, Butterworths.Google Scholar
Rule, H. D., Godwin, P. A. & Wamas, W. E. (1965). Irradiation effects on spermatogenesis in the gypsy moth Porthetria dispar (L.).—J. Insect Physiol. 11, 369–378.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Saccà, C. & Stella, E. (1964). Una prova di campo per ii controllo di Musca domestica L mediante esche liquide a base del chemosterilante tepa (=Afoxide).—Riv. Parassit. 25, 279–294.Google Scholar
Saccà, G., Magaudda, P. L. & Guaniera, D. (1967). Un esperimento di lotta integrata (chimica e biologica) contro Musca domestica L., alle isole lipari (nota preliminare).—Riv. Parassit. 28, 295–307.Google ScholarPubMed
Saccà, G., Magrone, R. & Scirocchi, A. (1965). Sulla repellenza escercitata da alcuni chemo sterilanti verso Musca domestica L. Riv. Parassit. 26, 61–66.Google Scholar
Saccà, G., Stella, E. & Magrone, R. (1964). Ricerche di laboratorio sull'efficacia steriliz zante del tepa (Afoxide) e dell'afolato in Musca domestica.—Riv. Parassit. 25, 207–216.Google Scholar
Saccà, G., Sciaoccm, A., De Meo, G. M. & Masnuin, M. I. (1966). Un esperimento di campo su Musca domestica L. mediante il chemosterilante “Hempa” (esametilfos forammide).—Atzi Soc. pelorit. Sci. fis. mat. nat. 12, 457–464.Google Scholar
Saccà, G., Scirocchi, A., Stella, E., Mastrilli, M. L & De Meo, G. M. (1966). Studio sperimentale di un ceppo di M. domesrica L., selezionato con il chemosterilante metepa.—Atti Soc. pelorit. Sci. ftc. mat. nat. 12, 447–456.Google Scholar
Sado, T. (1961). Spermatogenesis of the silkworm and its bearing on radiation-induced sterility.—Jap. I. Genet. 36 (suppl.), 136–151.Google Scholar
Saito, K. & Hayashi, S. (1967). Observations on the effect of alkylating chemosterilants metepa and hempa on the mosquito, Culex pipiens molestus Forskal using a bait and dipping technique.—Jap. I. sanit. Zool. 18, 122–126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Salama, A., Bakry, N. & Eldeprawi, M. (1971). Effect of metepa on mating behaviour of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.).—Z. Angew. Ent. 68, 83–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanchez, Rivello M. & Shaw, J. G. (1966). Use of field bait stations in chemosterilant control of the Mexican fruit fly.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 753–754.Google Scholar
Sˇndesco, I. (1967). Chémostérilisation de l'espece Anopheles labranchiae atroparvus, par traitement au stade larvaire.—Archs roum. Path. exp. Microbiol. 26, 181–188.Google Scholar
Schaefer, C. H. & Tieman, C. H. (1967). 4-imidazolin-2-one: an insect growth-inhibitor and cheinosterilant.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 542–546.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schlittler, E. Ed. (1967). Antihypertensive agents.—534 pp. New York, London, Academic Press.Google Scholar
Schmidt, C. H., Dame, D. A. & Weidraas, D. E. (1964). Radiosterilization vs. chemosteriliza tion in house flies and mosquitoes.—J. econ. Ent. 57, 753–756.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schuster, M. F. & Boling, J. C. (1969). Insect sterilant experiments with apholate and five bifunctional aziridine chemicals in outdoor cages against the boll weevil.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 1372–1375.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schwartz, P. H. Jr. (1965). Effects of apholate, metepa and tepa on reproductive tissues of Hippelates pusio Loew.—J. invertebr. Pathol. 7, 148–151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwerdtfeger, F. & Ehrhardt, W. (1966). Zur Eignung von Chemosterilantien für die Forstschädlingsbekämfung. Vorläufige Mittleilung über erste Versuche mit dem Borkenkäfer Ips typographus L.—Forst- u. Holzwirt. 21, 343–344.Google Scholar
Serebrovsky, A. S. (1969). On the possibility of a new method for the control of insect pests. In Proceedings of a panel organized by the joint FAO/IAEA Division of Atomic Energy in Food and Agriculture,and held in Vienna27–31 May 1968.Vienna, IAEA (Panel Proceedings Series STI/PUB/224), 123–137. [Originally published in 1940 in Zool. Zh. 19, 618–630 in Russian.]Google Scholar
Settepani, J. A., Crystal, M. M. & BolřucovEc, A. B. (1969). Boron chemosterilants against screw-worm flies. Structure-activity relationship.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 375–383.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Settepani, J. A., Stokes, J. B. & Bořkovec, A. B. (1970). Insect chemosterilants. VIII. Boron compounds.—J mednl Chem. 13, 128–131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sharma, V. P. & Rai, K. S. (1969). Histopathological and developmental effects of the chemosterilant apholate, on the mosquito Aedes aegypti.—Mosquito News 29, 9–14.Google Scholar
Shaw, J. G. & Sanchez, Riviello M. (1962). Investigaciones sobre empleo de productos quimicos como esterilizantes sexuales para Ia mosca de la fruta.—Ciencia, Méx. 22, 17–20.Google Scholar
Shaw, J. G. & Sanchez, Riviello M. (1965). Effectiveness of tepa-sterilized Mexican fruit flies released in mango grove.—J econ. Ent. 58, 26–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
shaw, J. G., Pattron, W. P., Sanchez-Riviell, M., Spishakoff, L. M. & Rand, B. C. (1966). Mexican fruit-fly control.—Calif. Citrogr. 51, 209–214.Google Scholar
Shaw, J. G., Sanchez-Riviello, M., Spishakoff, L. M., Trujillo, G. P. & Lopez, D. F. (1967). Dispersal and migration of tepa-stei-ilised Mexican fruit flies.—J econ. Ent. 60, 992–994.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shinohara, H. & Nagasawa, S. (1963). Sterilizing effect of apholate and metepa on adults of the azuki bean weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis L. Studies on the chemosterilants of insects. I.—Entomologia exp. appl. 6, 263–267.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shore, P. S. & Olin, J. S. (1958). Identification and chemical assay of norepinephrine in brain and other tissues.—J Pharmac. exp. Ther. 122, 295–300.Google ScholarPubMed
Shumakov, E. M. (1967). Main trends in research dealing with methods of insect sterilization.—6th Int. Congr. Pl. Prot. Vienna, 1967, Abstracta, 88–89.Google Scholar
Shumakov, E. M., Bulyginskaya, M. M. & Kropachova, A. A. (1966). Activity of ethy. leneimine compounds as sterilants for Lepidoptera.—Khimiya Sel'. Khoz. 5, 22–25.Google Scholar
Simkover, H. G. (1964). 2-imidazolidinone as an insect growth inhibitor and chemosterilant.—J econ. Ent. 57, 574–579.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skelton, T. E. & Hunter, P. E. (1970 a). Tepa sterilization and its effect upon respiration of the spotted cucumber beetle Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 63, 335–336.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skelton, T. E. & Hunter, P. B. (1970 b). Flight and respiration responses in house flies following topical application of sterilization levels of tepa.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 63, 770–773.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smith, B. C. & Bŕrubé, J. A. C. (1966). Effect of sex sterilants on the growth of coccinellid larvae. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae).—Can. Ent. 98, 1005.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, C. N., Labrecque, G. C. & Boibcovec, A. B. (1964). Insect chemosterilants.—A. Rev. Ent. 9, 269–284.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, F. F., Boswell, A. L. & Henneberry, T. J. (1965). Chemosterilant treatment of two greenhouse spider mites.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 98–103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smittle, B. J., Schmitt, J. B. & Burden, G. S. (1966). Effects of tepa on the reproductive organs and embryogeny of the German cockroach.—J econ. Ent. 59, 1419–1423.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smittle, B. J., Mount, G. A., DAS, M. & Rajapaska, N. (1968). Apholate and gamma irradia tion compared as sterilants for Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae).—Mosquito News 28, 201–204.Google Scholar
Snow, J. W., Lewis, W. J. & Sparks, A. N. (1970). Mating of normal and sterilized colonized and native corn earworms with emphasis on failure of pairs to separate after copulation.—J econ. Ent. 63, 1873–1876.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snow, J. W., Young, J. R. & Jones, R. L. (1970). Competitiveness of sperm in female fall armyworms mating with normal and chemosterilized males.—J econ. Ent. 63, 1799–1802.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snyder, L. A. (1963). Evidence of an essential difference between point mutations and chromosome breaks induced by triethylene melamine in Drosophila spermatozoa.—Z. Vererb-Lehre 94, 182–189.Google ScholarPubMed
Solomon, J. D. (1966). Tepa for sterilizing male carpenterworms.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 1528–1529.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sonnenblick, B. P. (1940). Cytology and development of the embryos of X-rayed adult Drosophila melanogaster.—Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 26, 373–381.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sonnenblick, B. P. & Hensitaw, P. S. (1941). Influence on development of certain dominant lethals induced by X-rays in Drosophila germ cells.—Proc. Soc. exp. Bid. Med. 48, 74–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Soto, P. B. & Graves, J. B. (1967). Chemosterilization of boliworms and tobacco budworms.—I. econ. Ent. 60, 550–553.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sparks, A. N., Wright, R. L & Hollingsworth, J. P. (1967). Evaluation of designs and installations of electric insect traps to collect bollworm moths in Reeves County, Texas.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 929–936.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sprenkel, R. K. & Yendol, W. G. (1969). Effects of apholate on the alfalfa weevil.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 122–125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stewart, P. A., Law, J. J. jr. & Blythe, J. L. (1969). Influence of distance on attraction of tobacco hornworm and corn earworm moths to radiations of a blacklight lamp.—I. econ. Ent. 62, 58–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
StrøMnaes, ø. (1968). Radiation sensitivity and repair of chromosomal damage. In Isotopes and radiation in entomology. Proceedings of a symposium on the use of isotopes and radiation in entomology.Jointly organized by the International Atomic Energy Agency and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and held in Vienna4–8 December 1967.Vienna, IAEA (Proceedings Series STI/PUB/ 166), 341–354.Google Scholar
Stüben, M. (1969). Chemosterilantien.—Mitt. biol. BundAnst. Ld-u. Forstw. Heft 133, 1–84.Google Scholar
Sugai, E. (1967). Embryonic mortality in the progeny of the male silkworm, Bombyx mori L orally administered apholate in the larval stage. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae).—Appl. Ent. Zool. 2, 9–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sugai, B. & Hirano, C. (1965). Studies on the male sterility in the silkworm, Bombyx mori L., induced by apholate.—Jap. J. Genet. 40, 357–363.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Suomalainen, E. (1953). The kinetochore and the bivalent structure in the Lepidoptera.—Hereditas 39, 88–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutherland, D. I., Beam, F. D. & Gupta, A. P. (1967). The effects on mosquitoes of sub lethal exposure to insecticides. 1. DDT, dieldrin, malathion and the basal follicles of Aedes aegypti (L.)—Mosquito News 27, 316–323.Google Scholar
Swailes, G. E. (1966). Sterilization of the cabbage maggot with apholate.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 596–598.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taber, S. III. & Boˇkovec;, A. B. (1969). Chemical sterilization of honey bee spermatozoa in vitro.—Nature, Lond. 224, 1217–1218.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tahori, A. S., Zeidler, G. & Halevy, A. H. (1965). The effect of phosfon (2,4-dichlorobenzyl- tributyl phosphonium chloride) as a house fly sterilant.—Naturwissenschaften 52, 400.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tattersfield, F. & Kerridge, J. R. (1955). The effect of repeated spraying of insects on their resistance to insecticides. III. Conditioning by the administration of sublethal concentrations.—Ann. appi. Biol. 43, 630–644.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Terranova, A. C. (1969). The residual fate of N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-piperidinophosphonic diamide after injection, tarsal contact and topical application to the boll weevil.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 821–823.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Terranova, A. C. & Crystal, M. M. (1970). The fate of N,N'-tetrarnethylene bis (1- aziridinecarboxamide) in the black blow fly and the screwworm fly.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 455–458.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Terrire, L. C. & Rajadhyaksha, N. (1964). Reduced fecundity of the two-spotted spider mite on metal-chelate-treated leaves.—J. econ. Ent. 57, 95–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Terry, P. H. & Bořkovec, A. B. (1965). Phosphoramides and thiophosphoramides as insect chemosterilants.—4 pp. U.S. Patent, 3,205,130.Google Scholar
Terry, P. H. & Bořkovec, A. B. (1967). Insect chemosterilants. IV. Phosphoramides.—J. mednl Chem. 10, 118–119.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tuoiu'E, D. R. & Ware, G. W. (1963). Nitrofurans as chemosterilants of stored-grain insects.—J. econ. Ent. 56, 404–407.Google Scholar
Toppozada, A., Abdallah, S. & Elderfrawi, M. E. (1966). Chemosterilization of larvae and adults of the Egyptian cotton leafworm Prodenia litura by apholate, metepa and tepa.—J. econ. Ent. 59, 1125–1128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turner, R. B. & Maheswary, N. P. (1969). Biochemical effects of apholate on mosquito ovarian tissue.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 62, 1091–1095.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Valcovic, L. R. & Grosch, D. S. (1968). Apholate-induced sterility in Bracon hebetor.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 1514–1517.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Der Kerk, G. I. M. & Luttjen, J. G. A (1954). Investigations of organo-tin compounds.III. The biocidal properties of organo-tin compounds.—J. appl. Chem. Lond. 4, 314–319.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vashkov, V. I., Volkov, Yu. P., Zakolodkina, V. I., Nifantyev, E. E., Sidorova, M. V. & Brzhesky, V. V. (1969). Sterilizing properties of some aziridines and esters of phosphoric acid for houseflies.—3ème Congrès International des Antiparasitaires, Milan, 1969, 491–499.Google Scholar
Vingiello, M. & Ross, M. H. (1967). Some effects of apholate on the German cockroach, Blatella germanica (L.).—Va J. Sci. 18, 59–62.Google Scholar
Virkki, N. (1963). Gametogenesis in the sugar-cane borer moth Diatraea saccharalis (F.) (Crambidae).—J. Agric. Univ. P. Rico 47, 102–137.Google Scholar
Von Borstel, R. C. (1955). Differential response of meiotic stages in Habrobracon eggs to nitrogen mustard.—Genetics, Princeton 40, 107–115.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Von Ehrhardt, W. (1968). Versuche mit Drosophila melanogaster und dem chemosterilans Apholate.—Z. PflKrankh. PflPath. PflSchuz 75, 32–34.Google Scholar
Walker, D. W. & Quintana, V. (1968). Inherited partial sterility among survivors from irradiation-eradication experiment.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 318–319.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, I. R. & Brindley, T. A. (1963). Effect of X-ray exposure on the European corn borer.—J. econ. Ent. 56, 522–525.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, T. F. (1970). Studies on effects of sublethal doses of p,p'DDT on oogenesis in the house-fly (Musca domestica L) and on possible causes of abnormal oogenesis.—Bull. ent. Res. 60, 291–301.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wan, T. K. & Hooper, G. H. S. (1969). Aliesterase activity and reproduction in Musca domestica: effects of DDT and metepa.—Entomologia exp. appl. 12, 221–228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ward, R. A., Rutledge, L. C. & Bell, L. H. (1965). Effects of chemosterilants on the development of malarial parasites in mosquitces.—Mosquito News 25, 470–476.Google Scholar
Wave, H. E. & Henneberry, T. J. (1967). Sterile-male releases control populations of Drosophila melanogaster in cage tests.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 1758–1759.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Webb, R. E. & Smith, F. F. (1968). Fertility of eggs of Mexican bean beetles from females mated alternately with normal and apholate-treated males.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 521–523.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weidhaas, D. E. (1962). Chemical sterilization of mosquitoes.—Nature, Lond. 195, 786–787.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weidhaas, D. E. (1968). Field development and evaluation of chemosterilants. In Labrecque, G. C. & Smith, C. N.Eds. Principles of insect chemosterilization. Amsterdam, North-Holland, 275–314.Google Scholar
Weidhaas, D. E. & McDuffie, W. C. (1963). Highlights of recent research on chemosterilants for the control of insects of medical and veterinary importance.—Bull. ent. Soc. Am. 9, 268–272.Google Scholar
Weidhaas, D. E. & Schmidt, C. H. (1963). Mating ability of male mosquitoes Aedes aegypti (L.), sterilized chemically or by gamma radiation.—Mosquito News 23, 32–34.Google Scholar
Weidhaas, D. E., Ford, H. R., Gahan, J. B. & Smith, C. N. (1961). Preliminary observations on chemosterilization of mosquitoes.—Proc. New Jers. Mosq. Exterm. Ass. 48, 106–109.Google Scholar
Weidhaas, D. E., Schmidt, C. H. & Seabrook, E. L. (1962). Field studies on the release of sterile males for the control of Anopheles quadrimaculatus.—Mosquito News 22, 283–291.Google Scholar
Wellington, W. G. (1969). Effects of three hormonal mimics on mortality, metamorphosis and reproduction of the western tent caterpillar, Malacosoma californicum pluviale.—Can. Ent. 101, 1163–1172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wellington, W. G. & Maelzer, D. A. (1967). Effects of farnesyl methyl ether on the reproduction of the western tent caterpillar Malacosoma pluviale: some physiological, ecological and practical implications.—Can. Ent. 99, 249–263.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, G. B. (1966). Cheinosterilization of Aedes aegypti (L.) by pupal treatment.—Nature, Lond. 210, 1372–1373.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
White, G. B. (1967). Control of insects by sexual sterilization. In The biology of sex.—Penguin science survey 1967, 201–220. Harmondsworth, Middx., Penguin.Google Scholar
White, G. B. (1970). Hyperactivity of Aedes aegypti (L.) males induced by chemosterilization with thiotepa.—J. med. Ent. 7, 374–375.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
White, L. D., Hutt, R. B. & Onsager, J. A. (1970). Effects of CO2, chilling, and staining on codling moths to be used for sterile releases.—J. econ. Ent. 63, 1775–1777.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whiting, A. R. & Von Borstel, R. C. (1964). Dominant lethal and inactivation effects of nitrogen mustards on Habrobracon sperm.—Genetics, Princeton 22, 317–325.Google Scholar
Whitten, M. I. & Norris, K. R. (1967). “Booby-trapping” as an alternative to sterile males for insect control.—Nature, Land. 216, 1136.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wicht, M. C. jr. & Hays, S. B. (1967). Effect of reserpine on reproduction of the house fly.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 36–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wigglesworth, V. B. (1936). The function of the corpus allatum in the growth and reproduction of Rhodnius prolixus.—Q. Jl Microsc. Sci. 79, 91–121.Google Scholar
Wigglesworth, V. B. (1964). Hormonal control of growth and reproduction in insects: review.—Adv. Insect Physiol. 2, 247–336.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, R. K., Brazzel, J. R. & Martin, D. F. (1958). The effect of certain organic insecticides on the mortality and oviposition of pink bollworm adults.—J. econ. Ent. 51, 567–570.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, J. A. & Hays, S. B. (1969). Histological changes in the gonads and reproductive behavior of house flies following treatment with chemosterilants p,p-bis (1-aziridinyl) N-methylphosphinic amide and p,p-bis (1-aziridinyl)-N-(3-methoxypropyl) phosphino thioic amide.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 690–692.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woods, C. W., Bořkovec, A. B. & Hart, F. M. (1964). Insect chemosterilants. I. N-acylaziridines.—J. mednl Chem. 7, 371–373.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wright, J. E. & Kaplanis, J. N. (1970). Ecdysones and ecdysone-analogues: effects on fecundity of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans.—Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 63, 622–623.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yeoman, G. H. & Warren, B. C. (1965). The chemosterilisation of the sheep blowfly Lucilia sericata (Meig.) with apholate.—Vet. Rec. 77, 922–928.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Young, J. R. & Cox, H. C. (1965). Evaluation of apholate and tepa as chemosterilants for the fall armyworm.—J. econ. Ent. 58, 883–888.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Young, J. R. & Hamm, J. J. (1967). Reproduction of Trichogramma fasciatum in eggs from tepa-sterilized fall arrnyworms.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 723–724.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Young, J. R. & Snow, J. W. (1967). Tepa as chemosterilant for the corn earworm, armyworm and granulate cutworm.—J. econ. Ent. 60, 1427–1430.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Young, J. R., Harrell, E. A. & Bowman, M. C. (1969). A chemosterilant feeder for insects.—J. econ. Ent. 62, 646–649.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Young, J. R., Snow, J. W. & Sparks, A. N. (1968). Mating of untreated and tepa-chemosterilized fall armyworm moths.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 657–661.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zakuarova, N. F. (1966). Search for new cbemosterilants.—Medskaya Parazil. Moskva 35,515–519.Google Scholar
Zaki, M. M., Abo El-Ghar, M., Kamel, A. A. M. & Mitri, S. H.The effect of certain chemosterilants on the eggs and immature stages of the cotton leafworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).—Bull. ent. Soc. Egypt Econ. Ser. no. 4, 71–80.Google Scholar
Zapanta, H. M. & Wingo, C. W. (1968). Preliminary evaluation of heliotrine as a sterility agent for face flies.—J. econ. Ent. 61, 330–331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar