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Inhibitory effects of an extract from non-host plants on physiological characteristics of two major cabbage pests

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 October 2017

M. Dastranj ,
E. Borzoui ,
A. R. Bandani  and
O. L. Franco
M. Dastranj
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
E. Borzoui
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
A. R. Bandani*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
O. L. Franco
Affiliation:
S-Inova Biotech, Pos-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil Centro de analises Proteomicas e Bioquimicas, Universidade Católica de Brasilia, Brasilia-DF, Brazil
*
*Author for correspondence Tel.: +98-263-2818705 Fax: +98-263-2238529 E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

The diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) and small white cabbage butterfly (Pieris rapae) are the two main serious pests of cruciferous crops (Brassicaceae) that have developed resistance to chemical control methods. In order to avoid such resistance and also the adverse effects of chemical pesticides on the environment, alternative methods have usually been suggested, including the use of plant enzyme inhibitors. Here, the inhibitory effects of proteinaceous inhibitors extracted from wheat, canola, sesame, bean and triticale were evaluated against the digestive α-amylases, larval growth, development and nutritional indecs of the diamondback moth and small white cabbage butterfly. Our results indicated that triticale and wheat extracts inhibited α-amylolytic activity in an alkaline pH, which is in accordance with the moth and butterfly gut α-amylase optimum pH. Dose-dependent inhibition of two crucifer pests by triticale and wheat was observed using spectrophotometry and gel electrophoresis. Implementation of specificity studies showed that wheat and triticale-proteinaceous extract were inactive against Chinese and purple cabbage amylase. Triticale and wheat were resistant against insects’ gut proteases. Results of the feeding bioassay indicated that triticale-proteinaceous extract could cause a significant reduction in survival and larval body mass. The results of the nutritional indecs also showed larvae of both species that fed on a Triticale proteinaceous inhibitor-treated diet had the lowest values for the efficiency of conversion of ingested food and relative growth rate. Our observations suggested that triticale shows promise for use in the management of crucifer pests.

Keywords

enzyme–inhibitor interactionsα-amylasePlutella xylostellaPieris rapaeNutritional indecs
Type
Research Papers
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 108 , Issue 3 , June 2018 , pp. 370 - 379
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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