Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7czq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T00:59:20.607Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The influence of temperature on egg mortality in the budmoth Zeiraphera diniana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), and its role in determining the regional abundance of an important forest pest

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

K. R. Day
K. R. Day
Affiliation:
Environmental Research, University of Ulster, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, N. Ireland
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The range of the moth Zeiraphera diniana Guénée and the regions where high population densities are infrequent and unpredictable are thought to be determined by high temperatures during egg pre-diapause. Exposure of eggs to incubation temperatures known to be optimal for Z. diniana elsewhere resulted in a pre-diapause mortality of 13% which corresponds to known rates of egg mortality in British forests. Evidence suggests that high temperature and its duration are both important determinants of pre-diapause egg mortality which, if experienced in forest conditions, may prevent populations from reaching outbreak levels. Historical records of outbreaks were associated with lower than average August temperature. However, high temperatures on their own are unlikely to determine the range of the insect in Britain since a high proportion of eggs survives extremes; more than 70% of British eggs survived 24 h exposure to a temperature of 30°C. Variations in egg mortality among families of moths suggests a genetic basis for differences in thermal tolerance. Furthermore, there may be selection for thermally-tolerant eggs in British forest environments and this could be connected with other forms of genetic differentiation in budmoth populations.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 87 , Issue 3 , June 1997 , pp. 259 - 264
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1997

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bakke, A. (1969) Extremely low supercooling point of eggs of Zeiraphera diniana (Guénée) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Norsk Entomologisk Tidsskrift 16, 81–83.Google Scholar
Baltensweiler, W. (1966) The influence of climate and weather on population age distribution and its consequences. Proceedings of an FAO Symposium on Integrated Pest Control 2, 15–24.Google Scholar
Baltensweiler, W. (1968) The cyclic population dynamics of the grey larch tortrix, Zeiraphera diniana Hübner (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) pp. 88–97 in Southwood, T.R.E. (Ed.) Insect abundance. Oxford, Blackwell.Google Scholar
Baltensweiler, W. (1977) Colour-polymorphism and dynamics of larch bud moth populations (Zeiraphera diniana Gn., Lep. Tortricidae). Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologis-chen Gesellschaft 50, 15–23.Google Scholar
Baltensweiler, W. (1984a) The role of environment and reproduction in the population dynamics of the larch bud moth, Zeiraphera diniana Gn. (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae). Advances in Invertebrate Reproduction 3, 291–302.Google Scholar
Baltensweiler, W. (1984b) Anpassungen des Lärchenwicklers (Zeiraphera diniana Gn.) an das subalpine Strahlungsklima. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 57, 155–162.Google Scholar
Baltensweiler, W. (1993a) A contribution to the explanation of the larch bud moth cycle, the polymorphic fitness hypothesis. Oecologia 93, 251–255.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baltensweiler, W. (1993b) Why the larch bud-moth cycle collapsed in the subalpine larch-cembran pine forests in the year 1990 for the first time since 1850. Oecologia 94, 62–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baltensweiler, W., Geise, R.L. & Auer, C. (1971) The grey larch bud moth: its population fluctuation in optimum and suboptimum areas, pp. 401–420in Patil, G.P., Pielou, E.C. & Waters, W.E. (Eds) Statistical ecology. Volume 2. University Park, Penn, Penn State University Press.Google Scholar
Baltensweiler, W., Benz, G., Bovey, P. & Delucchi, V. (1977) Dynamics of larch budmoth populations. Annual Review of Entomology 22, 79–100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baltensweiler, W., Preisner, E., Arn, H. & Delucchi, V. (1978) Unterschiedliche sexuallockstoffe bei Lärchen- und Arven- form des Grauen Lärchenwicklers (Zeiraphera diniana Gn., Lep., Tortricidae). Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 51, 133–142.Google Scholar
Bassand, D. (1965) Contribution à l' étude de la diapause embryonnaire et de l'embryongenèse de Zeiraphera griseana Hübner ( = Z. diniana Guénée) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie 72, 429–542.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benz, G. (1969) The influence of mating, insemination, and other factors on oogenesis and oviposition in the moth Zeiraphera diniana. Journal of Insect Physiology 15, 55–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bovey, P. (1966) Le problème de la Tordeuse du mélèze dans les forêts alpines. Bulletin Murithienne 83, 1–33.Google Scholar
Cwiklinski, L. & Grodzkiw, W. (1989) The need to control the occurrence of Zeiraphera griseana using pheromones. Las-Polski 4, 9–10.Google Scholar
Day, K.R. (1976) An ecological study of Zeiraphera diniana Gn. (=griseanae Hb.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on conifers in Britain. PhD thesis, University of London, 321 pp., unpublished.Google Scholar
Day, K.R. (1984) Phenology, polymorphism and insect-plant relationships of the larch budmoth, Zeiraphera diniana (Guénée) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on alternative conifer hosts in Britain. Bulletin of Entomological Research 74, 47–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Day, K.R. (1994) Choice of pupal habitats by a moth, Zeiraphera diniana Gn. (Lep., Tortricidae), defoliating lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta (Douglas), in northerly, non-alpine zones. Journal of Applied Entomology 118, 342–346.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Day, K.R. & Baltensweiler, W. (1972) Change in the proportion of larval colourtypes of the larchform Zeiraphera diniana when reared on two media. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 15, 287–298.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Day, K.R. & Leather, S.R. (1996) Threats to forestry by insect pests in Europe, in Watt, A.D., Stork, N.D. & Hunter, M.D. (Eds) Forests and insects. (18th Symposium of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 1995), in press.Google Scholar
Day, K.R., Leather, S.R. & Lines, R. (1991) Damage by Zeiraphera diniana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) to lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) of various provenances. Forest Ecology and Management 44, 133–145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Delucchi, V., Aeschlimann, J.-P. & Graf, E. (1975) The regulating action of egg predators on the populations of Zeiraphera diniana Guénée (Lep. Tortricidae). Mitteihmgen der Sclweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 48, 37–45.Google Scholar
Emelianov, I., Mallet, J. & Baltensweiler, W. (1995) Genetic differentiation in Zeiraphera diniana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae, the larch budmoth): polymorphism, host races or sibling species? Heredity 75, 416–424.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Graf, E. (1974) Zur Biologie und Gradologie des Grauen Lärchenwicklers Zeiraphera diniana Gn (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) im Schweizerischen Mittelland. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 76, 233–251.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirkland, R. & Paramonov, A. (1957) Report on Semasia investigation at Hope Forest 1957. Forestry Commission Internal Report, London.Google Scholar
Priesner, Von E. & Baltensweiler, W. (1987) Studien zum Pheromon-Polymorphismus von Zeiraphera diniana Gn. (Lep., Tortricidae) 1. Pheromon-Reaktionstypen männlicher Falter in europäischen Wildpopulationen, 1978–85. Journal of Applied Entomology 104, 234–256.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van den Bos, J. & Baltensweiler, W. (1977) Oviposition efficiency of the grey larch bud moth (Zeiraphera diniana) on different substrates and its relevance to the population dynamics of the moth. Entomologia Experimental et Applicata 21, 88–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar