Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2brh9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-30T21:02:29.478Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The genetics of hybrid sterility between subspecies of the complex of Glossina morsitans Westwood (Diptera: Glossinidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

P. Rawlings
P. Rawlings
Affiliation:
Tsetse Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Langford House, Langford, Bristol, BS18 7DU, UK
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Crosses were made between the three subspecies of the complex of Glossina morsitans Westwood and the hybrid females backcrossed. Hybrid female fecundity was highly ‘reactive’ to foreign male genes when the mother was G. morsitans centralis Machado compared with the reciprocal crosses and backcrosses. Hybrid F1 males were unable to inseminate females successfully, and although in nearly a quarter of the dissections sperm was transferred to the uterus, it did not migrate to the spermathecae. Heterozygosity between the X- and Y-chromosomes and most of the autosomes led to high frequencies of sterile males, but homozygosity between the X- and Y-chromosomes could still yield 30–50% sterility. Successive backcrosses of hybrid females between G. m. morsitans and G. m. centralis to the latter subspecies continued to increase the frequency of fertile males. Interactions between X-chromosome and autosomal gene seemed to be responsible for hybrid male sterility, and the number of sterility genes involved appeared to be very few. Crosses involving G. morsitans submorsitans Newstead generally agreed with those between the other two subspecies, but the distortion in the sex ratio of emergent adults limited the application of the data to this subspecies. Competition experiments using sterile hybrid males and fertile males in population cages (30 cm cube) showed that suppression was possible, especially when the ratio of sterile:fertile males was 2:1. The value of stetile hybrid males in tsetse control programmes and the evolution of reproductive isolation in the complex is discussed.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 75 , Issue 4 , December 1985 , pp. 689 - 699
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1985

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Avise, J. C. & Smith, M. H. (1974 a). Biochemical genetics of sunfish. I. Geographic variation and subspecies intergradation in the bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus.—Evolution 28, 42–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Avise, J. C. & Smith, M. H. (1974 b). Biochemical genetics of sunfish. II. Genic similarity between hybridising species.—Am. Nat. 108, 458–472.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ayala, F. J., Tracey, M. L., Hedgecock, D. & Richmond, R. C. (1974). Genetic differentiation during the speciation process in Drosophila.—Evolution 28, 576–592.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bolland, H. R., Van Buren, A., Van Der Geest, L. P. S. & Helle, W. (1974). Marker mutation in the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans.—Entomologia exp. appl. 17, 522–524.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Curtis, C. F. (1972). Sterility from crosses between sub-species of the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans.—Acta trop. 29, 250–268.Google ScholarPubMed
Curtis, C. F. (1982). The mechanism of hybrid male sterility from crosses in the Anopheles gambiae and Glossina morsitans complexes.—pp. 290–312in Steiner, W. W. M., Tabachnick, W. J., Rai, K. S. & Narang, S. (Eds.). Recent developments in the genetics of insect disease vectors.—665 pp. Champaign, Illinois, Stipes Publishing Co.Google Scholar
Curtis, C. F., Langley, P. A. & Trewern, M. A. (1980). X-chromosome involvement in male hybrid sterility from Glossina morsitans sub-species crosses.—Heredity 45, 405–410.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dobzhansky, T. (1936). Studies in hybrid sterility. II. Localization of sterility factors in Drosophila pseudoobscura hybrids.—Genetics 21, 113–135.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ford, J. (1970). The geographical distribution of Glossina.—pp. 274–297in Mulligan, H. W. (Ed.). The African trypanosomiases.—950 pp. London, Allen & Unwin.Google Scholar
Gooding, R. H. (1982). Classification of nine species and subspecies of tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae: Glossina Wiedemann) based on molecular genetics and breeding data.—Can. J. Zool. 60, 2737–2744.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hubby, J. L. & Throckmorton, L. H. (1967). Protein differences in Drosophila. IV. A study of sibling species.—Am. Nat. 102, 193–205.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Machado, A. DE B. (1970). Les races géographiques de Glossina morsitans.—pp. 471–486 in Azevedo, J. F. de (Ed.). Tsetse fly breeding under laboratory conditions and its practical application. 1st international symposium 22nd and 23rd April 1969–524 pp. Lisbon, Junta de Investigaçōes do Ultramar.Google Scholar
Mason, G. F. (1964). Cytogenetics and genetics of strains in the Anopheles gambiae complex.—Ph.D. thesis, Univ. London.Google Scholar
Mews, A. R., Langley, P. A., Pimley, R. W. & Flood, M. E. T. (1977). Large-scale rearing of tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) in the absence of a living host.—Bull. ent. Res. 67, 119–128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patterson, J. T. & Dobzhansky, T. (1945). Incipient reproductive isolation between two subspecies of Drosophila pallidipennis.—Genetic. 30, 429–438.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Picard, G. (1976). Non-Mendelian female sterility in Drosophila melanogaster: heredity transmission of I factor.—Genetic. 83, 107–123.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pinhao, R. DA C., Azevedo, J. F. DE & Ferreira, A. F. (1970). The breeding of Glossina submorsitans in the laboratory—pp. 177–188 in Azevedo, J. F. de (Ed.). Tsetse fly breeding under laboratory conditions and its practical application. 1st international symposium 22nd and 23rd April 1969—524 pp. Lisbon, Junta de Investigaçōes do Ultramar.Google Scholar
Potts, W. H. (1944). Tsetse hybrids.—Nature, Lond. 154, 606–607.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Potts, W. H. (1970). Systematics and identification of Glossina.—pp. 243–273in Mulligan, H. W. (Ed.). The African trypanosomiases.—950 pp. London, Allen & Unwin.Google Scholar
Prakash, S. (1972). Origin of reproductive isolation in the absence of apparent genie differentiation in a geographic isolate of Drosophila pseudoobscura.—Genetic. 72, 143–155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rawlings, P. & Maudlin, I. (1984). Sex ratio distortion in Glossina morsitans submorsitans Newstead (Diptera: Glossinidae).—Bull. ent. Res. 74, 311–315.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Southern, D. I. & Pell, P. E. (1973). Chromosome relationships and meiotic mechanisms of certain morsitans group tsetse flies and their hybrids.—Chromosoma. 44, 319–334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trick, M. & Dover, G. A. (1984 a). Genetic relationships between subspecies of tsetse fly Glossina morsitans inferred from variation in mitochondrial DNA sequences—Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 26, 692–697.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Trick, M. & Dover, G. A. (1984 b). Unexpectedly slow homogenisation within a repetitive DNA family shared between two subspecies of tsetse fly.—J. Mol. Evol. 20, 322–329.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vanderplank, F. L. (1944). Hybridization between Glossina species and suggested new method for control of certain species of tsetse.—Nature, Lond. 154, 607–608.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vanderplank, F. L. (1947). Experiments in the hybridisation of tsetse-flies (Glossina, Diptera) and the possibility of a new method of control—Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 98, 1–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vanderplank, F. L. (1948). Experiments in cross-breeding tsetse-flies (Glossina species).—Ann. trop. Med. Parasit. 42, 131–152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vanderplank, F. L. (1949). The classification of Glossina morsitans Westwood Diptera, Muscidae, including a description of a new subspecies. Varieties and hybrids.—Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (B) 18, 56–64.Google Scholar
Von Borstel, R. C. (1960). Population control by release of irradiated males—Science, N.Y. 131, 878–882.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed