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Estimation of direct damage to maize seedlings by the corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), under different watering regimes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 February 2021

E. G. Virla Open the ORCID record for E. G. Virla [Opens in a new window] ,
M. V. Coll Araoz Open the ORCID record for M. V. Coll Araoz [Opens in a new window]  and
E. Luft Albarracin Open the ORCID record for E. Luft Albarracin [Opens in a new window]
E. G. Virla
Affiliation:
Instituto de Entomología, Fundación Miguel Lillo, Miguel Lillo 251 (4000) San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina PROIMI-Biotecnología, Av. Belgrano y Pje. Caseros (T4001 MVB) San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
M. V. Coll Araoz
Affiliation:
PROIMI-Biotecnología, Av. Belgrano y Pje. Caseros (T4001 MVB) San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, UNT, Miguel Lillo 205 (4000), San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
E. Luft Albarracin*
Affiliation:
PROIMI-Biotecnología, Av. Belgrano y Pje. Caseros (T4001 MVB) San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
*
Author for correspondence: E. Luft Albarracin, Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

The corn leafhopper Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), a specialist herbivore, is the cause of serious losses in maize yield for its capacity to transmit three important plant pathogens. They are also active phloem feeders, that insert stylets into the plant as they feed. Females place their eggs endophytically, totally inserted in the central midrib or the leaf blades, leaving conspicuous openings in the place where the ovipositor was inserted. In spite of the consequences that feeding and oviposition may have on the water status of the plant and the production of biomass, direct damage caused by the leafhopper has been only scarcely studied. In the present contribution, we measured biomass loss due to direct damage in maize plants under two watering regimes, with water supply ad libitum and with a watering restricted regime, emulating the most frequent field conditions. Moreover, we analyzed the effects of increasing densities of the vector on the biomass loss and plant mortality and the effects of females vs males. We observed that a density of 10 insects is sufficient to cause damage to 10-day-old seedlings, even in an ad libitum watering regime; however, in drought conditions, damage can be significantly greater, causing plant mortality. Also, females cause more damage than males, due to their oviposition habits.

Keywords

Biomass lossCicadellidaedirect damagedrought stressmaizeoviposition effects
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 111 , Issue 4 , August 2021 , pp. 438 - 444
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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