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Effect of fruit and host fly species on the associative learning by Fopius arisanus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 February 2019

A. Monsia ,
G.S.B. Mègnigbèto ,
D. Gnanvossou  and
M.F. Karlsson Open the ORCID record for M.F. Karlsson [Opens in a new window]
A. Monsia
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), BP 215, Godomey, Benin International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), 08 BP 0932 Tri Postal, Cotonou, Benin
G.S.B. Mègnigbèto
Affiliation:
International Chair in Mathematical Physics and Applications (ICMPA) (CIPMA-Chaire UNESCO), University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), 03 BP 2819, Cotonou
D. Gnanvossou
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), 08 BP 0932 Tri Postal, Cotonou, Benin
M.F. Karlsson*
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), 08 BP 0932 Tri Postal, Cotonou, Benin Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), SE-230 53 Alnarp, Sweden
*
*Author for correspondence Phone: +229 21350188 ext 470 Fax: +229 21350556 E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Parasitoids, released in augmentative biological control programmes, which display a rapid host-location capacity, have a higher likelihood of successfully controlling target pest species. By learning to associate sensory cues to a suitable oviposition site, might parasitoids used as biological control agents, locate hosts more rapidly, and perhaps increase the efficacity of e.g. Tephritidae fruit fly management. We studied associative learning of Fopius arisanus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and tested its range of learning in natural and conditional hosts and host fruits, i.e. Bactrocera dorsalis, Zeugodacus cucurbitae, Ceratitis capitata and Ceratitis cosyra (Diptera: Tephritidae) and on fruits (papaya, tomato, banana). Naïve female F. arisanus were compared with experienced wasps, which had been offered infested and non-infested fruit, and been allowed to oviposit. Preferences for olfactory cues from infested fruits were thereafter assessed in a two-choice olfactometer. Naïve and trained parasitoids preference differed in general and non-responders to infested fruits were higher among naïve parasitoids. The trained wasps preferred the fruit infested in the training more than the control fruit, for all combination, except when C. cosyra infested the fruits, hence avoidance behavioural response was observed towards the odour of the infested fruit. Fopius arisanus was capable of behaviourally respond to the learned information, e.g. associative odour learning was achieved, yet limited depending on interaction level, fruit fly and fruit combination. To create F. arisanus preference of an associated odour, it might hence be needed to ensure oviposition in perceived suitable host and host fruit, for the parasitoid learning to become favourable in a biological control setup.

Keywords

BraconidaeTephritidaepreferencebehaviourconditioning
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 109 , Issue 5 , October 2019 , pp. 649 - 658
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019 

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