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Control of Glossina longipennis (Diptera: Glossinidae) by insecticide-treated targets at Galana Ranch, Kenya, and confirmation of the role of G. longipennis as a vector of cattle trypanosomiasis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

J.N. Makumi ,
P. Stevenson  and
C.H. Green
J.N. Makumi*
Affiliation:
Kenya Trypanosomiasis Research Institute, PO Box 362, Kikuyu, Kenya:
P. Stevenson
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK:
C.H. Green
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1UG, UK
*
*Fax: +254 154 32397 E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Glossina longipennis Corti was studied in Galana Ranch, Kenya over a four year period, in two areas (Tank E and Lali) where the species was abundant and other species were absent or scarce. There was active transmission of trypanosomiasis to cattle in both areas, the parasite species being Trypanosoma vivax Ziemann and T. congolense Broden. Mean infection rates of the G. longipenniswere 1.1% and 0.55% for T. vivax and T. congolenserespectively at Tank E, and 0.88% and 0.15% at Lali. Experimental transmission studies showed that cattle in fly-proof enclosures challenged with wild G. longipennis collected from Galana became infected with both trypanosome species. A tsetse control operation in one area (Tank E) using targets impregnated with deltamethrin in an oil formulation reduced the population of G. longipennisby 98% over one year, despite evidence of re-invasion. Populations of G. longipennis in the other area (Lali) were relatively stable over the whole study period. The effect of tsetse control on the incidence of cattle trypanosomiasis at Tank E was less clear than that on tsetse numbers, probably due to the lack of a sustained reduction in tsetse numbers. However, a significant relationship was demonstrated between fortnightly incidence measurements and electric net catches of G. longipennisat Tank E. A further significant predictor of incidence was rainfall in the previous four to seven weeks. This study confirms the importance of G. longipennisas a vector of bovine trypanosomiasis in areas where it is the predominant tsetse present.

Type
Research Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 90 , Issue 5 , October 2000 , pp. 397 - 406
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2000

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